Search results

1

Rewards and punishments as educational infl uences of parents of gifted children

100%

Łukasiewicz-Wieleba J.

Problemy Opiekuńczo-Wychowawcze

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2018

|

vol. 575(10)

25-38

EN

Rewards and punishments are an integral element of upbringing in a family. They shape attitudes educatively desirable and limit those undesirable. The presented article shows what kind of role rewards and punishments play in upbringing gifted children. On the basis of the narrative of parents recognizing their children as gifted, an analysis of parents’ educational strategies related to rewarding and punishment has been made. The results of the research have shown that parents of gifted children most often use rewards and punishments in domestic situations when they want to shape a specific attitude, achieve a specific effect in action or appreciate the efforts and achievements of children. It has turned out that parents do not use punishments to strengthen the development of children’s abilities. Rewards, especially praise and approval, are used when a parent feels proud of the effort or successes of his/her child.

2

The role of rewards and demands in burnout among surgical nurses

88%

Basińska B. A., Wilczek-Rużyczka E.

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

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2013

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vol. 26

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issue 4

593-604

EN

Objective: Job rewards have both, an intrinsic and an extrinsic motivational potential, and lead to employees' development as well as help them to achieve work goals. Rewards can balance job demands and protect from burnout. Due to changes on the labour market, new studies are needed. The aim of our study was to examine the role of demands and individual rewards (and their absence) in burnout among surgical nurses. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in 2009 and 2010 with 263 nurses who worked in surgical wards and clinics in hospitals in Southern Poland. The hypotheses were tested by the use of measures of demands and rewards (Effort-Reward Imbalance Questionnaire by Siegrist) and burnout syndrome (Maslach Burnout Inventory). A cross-sectional, correlational study design was applied. Results: Nurses experienced the largest deficiencies in salary and prestige. Exhaustion was explained by stronger demands and lack of respect (large effect). Depersonalization was explained by stronger demands, lack of respect and greater job security (medium effect). Reduced personal achievement was explained by more demands and greater job security (small effect). Conclusions: Excessive demands and lack of esteem are key reasons for burnout among surgical nurses. Job security can increase burnout when too many resources are invested and career opportunities do not appear. These results may help to improve human resource management in the healthcare sector.

3

Financial segment reporting in the function of building a motivation and rewarding system

75%

Gajic L., Medved I.

Business and Economic Horizons

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2010

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vol. 2

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issue 2

67-74

EN

This paper describes important regulation issues that concern microfinance. It starts by considering literature on how and why to regulate and supervise microfinance. Considering the specific case of microfinance in Albania, it analyzes the context of this industry and some particular issues that might influence its growth. Related regulation in Albania seems to be not activity–oriented since a real definition of microfinance is lacking in the Albanian law. Therefore, Albanian microfinance sector needs, first of all, a microcredit and microfinance definition to implement the right development policies and avoid confusion and license misuse. Moreover, the regulatory framework seems to be too restrictive for institutions supposed to be engaged in microfinance example high capital requirement and provisioning. Possible interventions can be in lowering minimum capital requirements for NBFIs to improve entrance, simplifying procedures, documentation and harmonization of the taxation treatment of institutions to enhance development, encourage access and avoid market distortions. There is the need to implement regulation considering microfinance as an activity, and develop a regulatory framework to induce commercial banks integrate downward into the microfinance market and help informal start-ups institutions develop and get formalized.

4

Job stress and mortality in older age

75%

Tobiasz-Adamczyk B., Brzyski P., Florek M., Brzyska M.

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

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2013

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vol. 26

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issue 3

349-362

EN

Objectives: This paper aims to assess the relationship between the determinants of the psychosocial work environment, as expressed in terms of JDC or ERI models, and all-cause mortality in older individuals. Materials and Methods: The baseline study was conducted on a cohort comprising a random sample of 65-year-old community-dwelling citizens of Kraków, Poland. All of the 727 participants (410 women, 317 men) were interviewed in their households in the period between 2001 and 2003; a structured questionnaire was used regarding their occupational activity history, which included indexes measuring particular dimensions of their psychosocial work environment based on Karasek's Job Demand-Control model and Siegrist's Effort-Reward Imbalance model, as well as health-related quality of life and demographic data. Mortality was ascertained by monitoring City Vital Records for 7 years. Analyses were conducted separately for men and women, with the multivariate Cox proportional hazard model. Results: During a 7-year follow-up period, 59 participants (8.1%) died, including 21 women (5.1% of total women) and 38 men (12%) (p < 0.05). Significant differences in the number of deaths occurred regarding disproportion between physical demands and control in men: those with low physical demands and low control died three times more often than those with high control, regardless of the level of demands. The multivariate Cox proportional hazard model showed that significantly higher risk of death was observed only in men with low physical demands and low control, compared to those with low physical demands and high control (Exp(B) = 4.65, 95% CI: 1.64-13.2). Conclusions: Observed differences in mortality patterns are similar to the patterns of relationships observed in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) level at the beginning of old age; however, the relationship between efforts and rewards or demands and control and mortality was not fully confirmed.

5

Kary i nagrody stosowane przez rodziców a samoocena młodzieży

63%

Kuźmik M.

Psychologiczne Zeszyty Naukowe

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2017

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issue 2

197-208

PL

Samoocena jest jedną z podstawowych potrzeb każdej jednostki. Może być również cennym zasobem pozwalającym jednostce na samorealizację. Celem badań było przedstawienie związków między samooceną oraz poszczególnymi karami i nagrodami. Analiza odpowiedzi udzielonych przez gimnazjalistów w kwestionariuszu ankiety wskazuje na ważną rolę wzmocnień pozytywnych w kształtowaniu poczucia własnej wartości tej grupy respondentów.

EN

Self-esteem is one of elementary needs of each individual. It can be also a precious resource, that allows self-realization. The main goal of research was to present relations between selfesteem and specific penalties and rewards. Analysis of answers granted by respondents in questionary shows significant meaning of positive reinforcments in shaping high self-esteem in tested group.

6

Pozitívne hodnotenie v rodinnej výchove z teoreticko-empirického hľadiska a morálne postoje

63%

Koldeová L.

Społeczeństwo i Edukacja. Międzynarodowe Studia Humanistyczne

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2017

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issue 2(25)

85-93

EN

The paper deals with a positive evaluation in the family education with a focus on application of rewards in various respects. Based on theoretical considerations it presents a view of rewards as a method of positive evaluation and the moral attitudes of children in family education. It also presents the results of empirical research focused on rewards in family education realised in the Slovak Republic and the Federal Republic of Germany.

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2 International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

1 Business and Economic Horizons

1 Problemy Opiekuńczo-Wychowawcze

1 Psychologiczne Zeszyty Naukowe

1 Społeczeństwo i Edukacja. Międzynarodowe Studia Humanistyczne

1 Basińska B. A.

1 Brzyska M.

1 Brzyski P.

1 Florek M.

1 Gajic L.

1 Koldeová L.

1 Kuźmik M.

1 Medved I.

1 Tobiasz-Adamczyk B.

1 Wilczek-Rużyczka E.

1 Łukasiewicz-Wieleba J.

1 2020

2 2017