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EN
During the transformation of modern Ukrainian civil society is facing new challenges and problems. Their magnitude and consequences threaten not only for the further development of a single person, but also Ukrainian nation as a whole. The traditional systems and mechanisms cannot effectively resist the emergence and spread of abuse and violence, human trafficking, exploitation of different skills and abilities. Since the problem of human trafficking still remains a serious one in Ukraine, there are improvements in recognizing the importance of prevention, care opportunities for those who need it. Particularly vulnerable to trafficking situations are the students of vocational schools. This is due to the peculiarities of adolescence and age psychological difficulties. This period is extremely important as the need for social identification, selection of values, choosing the life course, significant adults, and professional self. One of the goals of educational work with the pupils is a socio-educational prevention of human trafficking as a part of prevention of negative phenomena among the youth. The problem of combating trafficking in scientific literature is mainly seen in the context of sexual exploitation of women and children and criminal responsibility for crimes. Human trafficking is a causal relationship with other relevant violations of human trafficking such as abuse, violence and exploitation. It acts as both a cause and effect with respect to such anti-social phenomena. In the article the features of social and educational prevention of trafficking in vocational-technical schools are described. The factors including social, educational, existence and extent of the problem of child trafficking are given. They are classified into the following categories economic, political, psychological, legal, and social. Among the social and educational factors the author has singled out the low level of legal culture, an inadequate system of legal education and training, a lack of awareness of the problem and its possible consequences among the pupils and students, among the parents and society in general, a lack of social consciousness perception of the problem of human trafficking as relevant, difficulty of socialization and resocialization vulnerable victims of trafficking unwillingness teaching staff to implement prevention activities, inadequate communication between different entities prevention of human trafficking.
PL
The technological progress and unlimited access to media create new possibilities of self-presentation in the public domain nowadays, especially for the young generation. The article presents a part of a broader research project which was aimed at defining the characteristics of behaviors shown in cyberspace by Polish students of upper-secondary schools and also at determining potential social and health consequences of such behaviors. The chosen fragment of the study mainly focuses on those actions that were considered as a sign of social exhibitionism on the Internet, such as uploading photos and videos, sharing private information about oneself and informing about current activity. The research was conducted in accordance with a quantity paradigm. It was of diagnostic and verification nature and a method of diagnostic survey with the use of questionnaires was applied.
PL
Artykuł podejmuje refleksje na temat skuteczności działań profilaktycznych wobec zachowań ryzykownych młodzieży. Ukazuje poziomy i strategie pracy profilaktycznej oraz podstawowe metody i koncepcje skutecznej profilaktyki. Zwraca również uwagę na założenia, którymi powinien kierować się każdy program profilaktyczny.
EN
The article reflects on the effectiveness of preventive actions towards risky behavior of young people. It shows levels and strategies of preventive work and basic methods and concepts of effective prophylaxis. It also draws attention to the assumptions that should be followed by any prevention program.
EN
The effectiveness of addiction prevention aimed at children and adolescents currently seems to stir up a lot of emotions and calls to verify its theoretical background. The shift from defensive prevention to positive prevention is becoming successful, yet remains insufficient in education. An interesting approach to the process of preventing addiction in children and adolescents is the concept of resilience, which posits that the individual resilience of a person helps them positively adapt or persist in difficult situations, which are considered risky for their proper functioning. At the same time, the lack of awareness about addiction among children and adolescents and the rising threats posed by young people’s use of substances and adoption of addictive activities suggests that the schools should be one of the first sites of systemic solutions for support and prevention. Based on these assumptions, the author analyzed the general education core curriculum for pupils in years IV–VII of elementary school, in order to verify its goals and educational content in relation to the established indicators for building resilience in students. The results illustrate a lack of consistency or connections between the various educational goals and content, which indicates an inability of schools to consciously design educational content to strengthen pupils’ individual resources of resilience.
PL
Skuteczność profilaktyki uzależnień, kierowanej do dzieci i młodzieży, wydaje się obecnie budzić wiele emocji i prowokować do weryfikowania jej teoretycznych źródeł. Rezygnacja z profilaktyki defensywnej na rzecz profilaktyki pozytywnej wydaje się być w edukacji procesem już dokonanym, jednak niewystarczającym. Interesującym podejściem do procesu przeciwdziałania uzależnieniom dzieci i młodzieży jest koncepcja resilience. Zakłada ona indywidualną i swoistą odporność osoby, która wpływa na jej pozytywną adaptację lub trwanie w sytuacjach przeciwności i trudności, które uznane są za ryzykowane dla jej właściwego funkcjonowania. Jednocześnie niska wiedza dzieci i młodzieży na temat uzależnień, wzrost zagrożeń wynikających z zażywania przez młodych ludzi substancji i podejmowania działań uzależniających przekonują, że to właśnie szkoła powinna być jednym z pierwszych ogniw systemowych rozwiązań w zakresie wsparcia i profilaktyki. Mając to na uwadze, autorka dokonała analizy podstawy programowej kształcenia ogólnego dla uczniów klasy IV–VII szkoły podstawowej pod kątem weryfikacji celów i treści kształcenia w niej zawartych w odniesieniu do przyjętych wskaźników budowania postawy resilience u uczniów. Uzyskane wyniki obrazują brak spójności i powiązań pomiędzy poszczególnymi celami i treściami kształcenia, co wskazuje na niski potencjał szkoły w świadomym projektowaniu treści edukacyjnych wzmacniających indywidualne zasoby odpornościowe uczniów.
EN
The article presents the phenomenon of excessive use of mobile phones,that takes the form of a new cyber addiction, termed phonyholism.. The author focused primarily on the problem of the possibility of becoming addicted to this device. He presented symptoms of phonoholism and negative consequences for the health and psychosocial development of school youth in the context of risky behavior. It also emphasized the need to distinguish diagnostic criteria from phonoholism. In the article the author also pointed out the role of family and school in counteracting this phenomenon.
PL
W artykule przedstawione zostało zjawisko nadmiernego korzystania z telefonu komórkowego, określanego jako fonoholizm. Autor skoncentrował się głównie na problematyce związanej z możliwością uzależnienia się od tego urządzenia. Przedstawił objawy fonoholizmu oraz negatywne konsekwencje dla zdrowia i rozwoju psychospołecznego młodzieży szkolnej w kontekście zachowań ryzykownych. Podkreślona została również potrzeba wyodrębnienia kryteriów diagnostycznych fonoholizmu. W artykule autor wskazał także na rolę rodziny oraz szkoły w przeciwdziałaniu temu zjawisku.
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