This report aims to examine which specific persons are considered to be aspirational role models by minors referred to youth educational centers and whether the role models vary among underage girls and underage boys. The research was quantitative in nature and participants were selected through purposeful random sampling. A total of 481 residents of youth educational centers were included in the study. The most important role models mentioned by the maladjusted youth in the study were placed in the following order: mother, grandmother, sister, brother, grandfather, father, friend, teacher, care/support worker, and priest. Data analysis performed with the use of the Mann-Whitney U test demonstrated that the preferred role models differ significantly (p <0.05) between boys and girls. Underage boys' role models more frequently included people from their inner family circle (mother, father, sister, brother, grandfather), their peer group (acquaintance, friend), as well as the school environment (priest). The comparison revealed no significant differences between boys and girls regarding the following role models: grandmother, teacher, and support/care worker. This means that these function as role models for both underage boys and girls to a similar extent.
Concrete ideals play an essential role in the functioning of each community; they arc patterns of conduct, behavioral models, and examples of desirable actions. They rule human life, direct its way to the truth and good under concrete circumstances defined by socio-cultural conditions. Over the ages there arc continuous transformations in the sphere of patterns of conduct and ideals of individual and social life. This is related to the changes of social systems and their hierarchies of value. Such changes can be observed in Poland and the social transformation that has lasted over twenty years. The general direction at freedom, self-realization, and a clear weakening of the sense of sacrum have affected the change in the approach to the role of authorities. Such phenomena as pluralism, individualism, and practical materialism have caused the establishment of new ethical models and new modes of their imitation. This situation is a challenge for the Church whose task is to show a proper measure of humanity and the ideal of social life.
Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie poważnego problemu pedagogiki zdolności, związanego ze stawianiem przed wychowankami określonych wzorów i wzorców wybitnego twórcy jako modelu rozwoju osobowego. W pierwszej części autor krótko opisuje różnice pomiędzy wzorem a wzorcem osobowym, ugruntowane w pedagogice i socjologii, a następnie przechodzi do syntetycznego opisu głównych cech wzoru wybitnego twórcy, wywiedzionego z badań empirycznych. Na tym tle przedstawia własną koncepcję wzorca postawy twórczej, godnego – jak sądzi – promowania w edukacji dzieci zdolnych. Trudny dylemat często spotykanego braku korespondencji pomiędzy wybitną twórczością a charakterem wybitnych twórców ilustruje na przykładzie dwóch antywzorów osobowych: kompozytora-mordercy Gesualda da Venosy oraz pisarza-donosiciela Henryka Worcella. W zakończeniu autor postuluje, by w edukacji osób zdolnych nie oddzielać rozważań o wybitnej twórczości od przymiotów charakteru danego twórcy i traktować te zjawiska jako integralny byt, a następnie formułuje kilka pytań do dalszych badań z tego zakresu.
EN
The aim of the article is to discuss a serious problem in the pedagogy of abilities, related to presenting specific patterns and models of an outstanding artist to the pupils as types that determine the directions of personal development. In the first part, the author briefly describes the differences between the model and the personal pattern, grounded in pedagogy and sociology, and then moves on to a synthetic description of the main features of the outstanding artist’s model, derived from empirical research. Against this background, he presents his own concept of a pattern of creative attitude, which he considers worth promoting in the education of gifted children. The difficult dilemma of the lack of correspondence between outstanding works and the character of outstanding artists is illustrated with the example of two personal anti-models: the composer and murderer Gesualdo da Venosa, and the writer and denunciator Henryk Worcell. In the conclusion, the author suggests not to separate considerations about outstanding creativity from the qualities of the character of a given artist, and to treat these phenomena as an integral in the gifted education area. Lastly, the author formulates several questions for further research in this field.
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