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EN
Polish translation of an article by Gérard Chazal, devoted to the relationship of François Dagognet’s philosophy to the work of Gaston Bachelard. The author shows the complexity of this relationship, analyzing it in relation to the philosophy of science (here, among others, analyzes the issue of the historicity of the process of formation of the knowledge), the philosophy of technology and the philosophy of art. In many dimensions Chazal shows that Dagognet was inspired not so much by the letter of Bachelard’s texts as by their spirit, using his methods and concepts in areas that Bachelard was not or only marginally interested in (including in the biological and medical sciences, in the visual arts). The article is also an interesting voice in the discussion about the essence of the reception of philosophical concepts and currents. In this aspect author asks about the negation of the source theory in its continuations at the same time asking whether it is not this kind of negative inspiration that best testifies to the vitality of the theory - alive due to constant creative transformations.
PL
Polski przekład artykułu Gérarda Chazala, poświęconego relacji filozofii Françoisa Dagogneta do dzieła Gastona Bachelarda. Autor pokazuje złożoność tej relacji, analizując ją w odniesieniu do filozofii nauki (tu między innymi analizuje kwestię historyczności procesu kształtowania się wiedzy), filozofii techniki i filozofii sztuki. Artykuł stanowi też interesujący głos w dyskusji na temat istoty recepcji nurtów i koncepcji filozoficznych.
EN
The aim of the article is to analyze “criticism” and “understanding” in their relation to philosophical counseling. The article begins by the thesis on the need to define this type of counseling as an equivalent relationship between a counselor and a client. This claim is based mainly on the Socratic sense of the essence of philosophizing as a common pursuit of wisdom and cognition. Next, criticism and understanding which seem to be abstract concepts that belong to specific doctrines are considered as useful tools in the process of creating a philosophical attitude. In this sense, they acquire their existential aspect and prove useful in the practical application of philosophy.
PL
The paper concerns the psychoanalysis of objective cognition - a philosophical project by Gaston Bachelard, developed and implemented in epistemology and philosophy of science since 1938. The paper consists of two parts. Firstly, relation between Bachelard’s philosophy and psychoanalysis is addressed with the special attention given to sources of Bachelard’s inspiration - S. Freud, C.G. Jung, M. Bonaparte and R. Allendy. Secondly, Bachelard’s concept of psychoanalysis of objective cognition is discussed. In the course of its development, Bachelard transformed the assumptions and ideas of Freud and Jung and used them in theory of knowledge and philosophy of science. This original project was straightforwardly practical - it was aimed at providing an analysis of the scientific mind, revealing any epistemological obstacles it contains (such as false beliefs and habits of thinking) and its overcoming so that valuable cognition might be obtained.
EN
Gaston Bachelard’s last book (or, rather, notes from 1961–1962, edited and published by Suzanne Bachelard, more than twenty years after they were written) presents analyses of three mythical figures: Prometheus, Phoenix, and Empedocles. The Promethean myth and the myth of Empedocles’s death were earlier addressed in Bachelard’s previous works. In Fragments d’une poétique du feu, he extends and supplements his earlier analyses. The article examines the interpretations of selected myths in Fragments… in the context of the evolution of Bachelard’s philosophy and his key inspirations. It also addresses the following questions: 1) what is myth in Bachelard’s late work? 2) which of his main inspirations (psychoanalysis, analytical psychology, phenomenology) are still strongly visible in his late research?
EN
The aim of the article is to analyze the category of mundus imaginalis formulated by Henry Corbin on the basis of Islamic philosophy (alam al-mithal). Corbin was inspired by Islamic mystics who recognized the existence of imaginary sphere, mediating between the sensual world and the intelligible world. For Corbin, who was also has influenced by CG. Jung and A. Koyré, mundus imaginalis becomes a useful tool for the analysis of imagination (understood as active cognitive power), but also of modern human condition. A counterpoint expanding the reflection on the mundus imaginalis is the research of Jean-Jacques Wunenburger, who – using Corbin’s analyzes – emphasizes the multi-level and structural nature of both: the power of the imagination and its products. In these interpretations, the following questions seem to be crucial: What does the category of mundus imaginalis contribute to the understanding of the essence of imagination and of the human world of imaginations? Which approach to the imagination is associated with the recognition of this category? I try to answer these questions in the article.
PL
Celem artykułu jest analiza kategorii mundus imaginalis sformułowanej przez Henry’ego Corbina na podstawie filozofii muzułmańskiej (alam al-misal). Corbina inspirowali muzułmańscy mistycy uznający istnienie granicznej sfery wyobrażeniowej, pośredniczącej między światem zmysłowym i światem inteligibilnym. Dla Corbina, u którego można także dostrzec wpływy CG. Junga i A. Koyré, mundus imaginalis staje się narzędziem przydatnym do analizy wyobraźni (rozumianej jako aktywna władza poznawcza), ale także kondycji współczesnego człowieka. Kontrapunktem poszerzającym refleksję nad mundus imaginalis są badania Jeana-Jacquesa Wunenburgera, który – sięgając między innymi do analiz Corbina – kładzie nacisk na wielopoziomowość i strukturalny charakter zarówno władzy wyobraźni, jak i jej wytworów. W obydwu interpretacjach tej kategorii kluczowe zdają się być następujące pytania: co mundus imaginalis wnosi do rozumienia istoty wyobraźni oraz ludzkiego świata wyobrażeń? Z jakim ujęciem wyobraźni wiąże się uznanie tej kategorii? Na te pytania próbuję odpowiedzieć w artykule.
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