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Zanikanie granic między klasami społecznymi. O potrzebie poszukiwania alternatywnych segmentacji społecznych

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Urbaniak P.
Border and Regional Studies
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2020
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vol. 8
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issue 2
47-59
PL
A description of borderland as a space can be inspiring for an analytical presentation of other social phenomena in which coexisting borderline categories occur. An example is social stratification within which different groups of individuals referred to as layers, castes or classes can be distinguished. Their character is arbitrary, resulting from a concern for the conventional, often not very distinctive interests of some social groups. Since the 19th century, the most widespread stratification system in Western societies has been the class system. However, its analytical value has been fading due to the blurring of boundaries between particular classes. The social classes, on the one hand, are subject to strong internal differentiation and are losing their previous cohesion, and on the other hand, they are becoming similar in many respects. Therefore there is a need to create an alternative and more analytically useful way of categorizing societies in contemporary social sciences. Segmentation based on the category of lifestyle seems valuable, because lifestyle is what, in a particularly important way, differentiates in the social dimension individuals forming contemporary Western societies. At the same time, this category is so capacious and distinctive that it can be analytically useful for representatives of various social sciences. The aim of the paper is, first of all, to present the structural foundation of class systems, secondly, to identify the reasons for the loss of their analytical value, and thirdly, to discuss the scientifically useful segmentation of society relating to different lifestyles.
2
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Literackie pisma bezdebitowe we Wrocławiu w latach 1976–1989

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Urbaniak P.
Rocznik Historii Prasy Polskiej
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2011
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vol. 14
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issue 1-2(27-28)
189-208
EN
The article surveys the most important samizdat literary magazines published in Wrocław in 1976–1989. Apart from outlining the profile of each of those magazines it also presents a unique group of literary publications which, though not part of the underground press, were not subject to the censor’s clearance. Finally, the article considers the aims, the methods and the effects of the Security Service operations aimed at penetrating the editorial teams of the underground magazines
3

Dziennikarstwo medialne i jego rola w kształtowaniu dziennikarskich kultur

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Urbaniak P.
Dziennikarstwo i Media
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2014
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vol. 5
59 - 67
EN
Media journalism is an important element of the media accountability system. It is reflected in trade media concerning journalist activity. Simultaneously, media concerning media constitute one of the most common mechanisms of journalistic environment self-regulation. They can realize both the control/critical function through stigmatizing the examples of unethical behavior observable on the media market as well as the motivating function through, for example, rewarding the journalists and media exhibiting the high level of professionalism. The author of the article attempts to characterize media journalism by pointing out in the chosen media systems the activities and initiatives exemplifying the environment control of the journalists in the trade media.
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Innowacyjne instrumenty odpowiedzialności mediów w wybranych europejskich systemach medialnych

100%
Urbaniak P.
Dziennikarstwo i Media
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2012
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vol. 3
179-189
EN
The article describes innovative, that is presented in the Internet, instruments of media accountability, which together with so-called established instruments make up the conception of Media Accountability Systems (MAS) formulated in the 90s of the last century by Claude Jean Bertrand, who defined MAS as “any non-State means of making media responsible towards the public.” The author of the article aims at classifying the most important instruments of media accountability, which have appeared over the last two decades in online communication. The theoretical characterization of specific instruments is depicted by the examples of individual solutions from chosen European media systems. Moreover, the aim of the article is to show the advantages of these innovative instruments which already influence and obviously will have even bigger influence in the future on the increase of ethical standards in individual media cultures.
5
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Finansowanie pism kulturalnych w Polsce Ludowej i po 1989 roku na przykładzie Wrocławia

100%
Urbaniak P.
Rocznik Historii Prasy Polskiej
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2013
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vol. 16
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issue 1(31)
187-203
EN
The article aims at presenting the mechanisms of financing the cultural magazines in Poland in the two periods: in the 70s and 80s of the XXth century as well as in the new political reality after the transformation in 1989. The paper is, therefore, an attempt to describe two models of the functioning of the cultural magazines. Firstly, the communist model is analysed. In this model the press concerning cultural subject matters was financed exclusively by the state authorities. The second part of the article describes the situation of the cultural magazines in the democratic conditions in which this type of press deprived of its propagandist function remained financially dependent on the support of state institutions. The analysis is conducted on the basis of cultural magazines in Wrocław, which portrays countrywide mechanisms of financing cultural magazines in the chosen periods.
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