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1
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Przyjaźń u Nałkowskiej (na przykładzie powieści Narcyza, Hrabia Emil, Niedobra miłość)

100%
Gajewska A.
Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Literacka
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2013
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issue 21
147-161
EN
The article, while discussing the concept of friendship, presents social and personal relations between the protagonists of Zofia Nałkowska’s fiction. Against the background of tragic social conflicts, numerous shows of disloyalty, trade in women, low motives, and thoughtlessness, the writer points out to friendship as the only worthwhile relationship, even if it brings many disappointments. Apart from her enormous sensitivity to women’s plight, and focus on their mutual solidarity, Nałkowska often focused on friendship between men, representing their emotional engagement and delight of one man in another. In Nałkowska’s fiction, friendship is linked to risk, opening up to otherness, and internalization of the gaze of another human being. Friendly relationships, although they are fleeting and full of ethical tensions, help people to free themselves from their mould, change their character, and escape from dependencies that discipline their desires. Thus, friendship means a personality crisis, weakening of character, and temporary transgression. The passage, a temporary escape from entrenched ways of living, is possible in Nałkowska’s fiction only at the cost of a friendly bond.
2
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Perwersje archiwum

100%
Gajewska A.
Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Literacka
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2019
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issue 35
39-53
EN
Perversions of the archive In the article, the author discusses the problematic status of an archival document,taking into account the concepts of perverse historiography and the methodological indicators of the apartheid archive. Documents stored in IPN (Institute of National Remembrance) have been used to show the challenges faced by the people investigating the documents stored there and attempting to unify the material found in the archive. The analysis of Autor Solaris, a 2016 biographical documentary film about Stanisław Lem, is preceded by reflections on the involvement of the archive researchers in politics and their reproductions of clichés and stereotypes about the past, which the author sees as directly leading to blurring and erasing of the victims’ testimonies. In doing so, the author uses critical analyses of the pornographic aspects of the presentation of mass murder victims. Relating to a concept proposed by one of the critics indicating that using archival sources in modern art leads to a mass amnesia, the author points to thedangers of using Nazi propaganda films in contemporary documentary film.
PL
Perversions of the archive In the article, the author discusses the problematic status of an archival document,taking into account the concepts of perverse historiography and the methodological indicators of the apartheid archive. Documents stored in IPN (Institute of National Remembrance) have been used to show the challenges faced by the people investigating the documents stored there and attempting to unify the material found in the archive. The analysis of Autor Solaris, a 2016 biographical documentary film about Stanisław Lem, is preceded by reflections on the involvement of the archive researchers in politics and their reproductions of clichés and stereotypes about the past, which the author sees as directly leading to blurring and erasing of the victims’ testimonies. In doing so, the author uses critical analyses of the pornographic aspects of the presentation of mass murder victims. Relating to a concept proposed by one of the critics indicating that using archival sources in modern art leads to a mass amnesia, the author points to the dangers of using Nazi propaganda films in contemporary documentary film.
3
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Przeżyć w epoce „chaotyckiej” i w czasach „Wielkiego Rozpadu” w Pamiętniku znalezionym w wannie Stanisława Lema

100%
Gajewska A.
Narracje o Zagładzie
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2016
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issue 2
PL
Survival in the Era of Chaos and in the Time of the Grand Collapse in Stanislaw Lem’s Memoirs Found in a BathtubThe paper interprets Stanislaw Lem’s novel Memoirs Found in a Bathtub in the context of the writer’s experience of the occupation. Drawing from the information provided in the correspondence between Lem and Michael Kandel, the author points out the autobiographical allusions contained in the novel. The author also points to the references to the period during which the writer was hiding on the “Aryan side.” The author asks questions about historical topics relating to the everyday life of people living on “Aryan papers” during the occupation. Science fiction staffage and vague allusions to historical events in Lem’s prose have been read as personal, generational and family traumas. Key words: Stanislaw Lem, Memoirs Found in a Bathtub, Lviv, memory studies, science fiction
4

TŁUMACZENIE FEMINIZMU

100%
Gajewska A.
Przekładaniec. Półrocznik Katedry UNESCO do Badań nad Przekładem i Komunikacja Miedzykulturowa UJ
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2010
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issue 2(24)
7-18
EN
Pointing to manifold and long-lasting connections between feminism and translation, the article first presents a selection of multilingual writers (Narcyza Żmichowska and Deborah Vogel), translators (Zofia Żeleńska and Kazimiera Iłłakowiczówna) and translation commentators (Joanna Lisek and Karolina Szymaniak) to ponder why the work of early Polish feminists is neglected. It seems that one of the reasons might be the current colonization of Polish feminist discourse by English. For ethical reasons it would be advisable to recommend a certain sensitivity to locality in feminist translation studies and a recognition of regionalism in culture studies. The theoretical considerations include two issues: the potential hermaphroditism of the Polish language when its users are women and the ‘scandal of „another’s speech”,’ a polyphony and a constitutive lack of autonomy (a feminist discussion of Mikhail Bakhtin’s theory). From this perspective it becomes visible that linguistic choices made by the translator are always individual one-time solutions which resist homogenization, paradigms or (theoretical) generalizations.
5
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Auto/biografia kontrfaktyczna Doris Lessing

100%
Gajewska A.
Autobiografia. Literatura. Kultura. Media
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2014
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issue 1(2)
39–49
PL
W artykule zinterpretowano ostatnią publikację Doris Lessing Alfred i Emily – patchworkowy utwór, na który składają się fragmenty definicji słownikowych i encyklopedycznych, wybrane cytaty z utworów literackich, a także wspomnienie o bracie pisarki. Zasadniczo książka ta dzieli się na dwie części. Pierwszą tworzy zmyślona biografia rodziców, drugą – wspomnienia o nich i o życiu w buszu, które uzupełniają część pierwszą o fakty historyczne i momenty przełomowe dla całej rodziny. Budując alternatywną opowieść o rodzicach, Lessing tworzy auto/biografię kontrfaktyczną, ponieważ eliminuje z życia rodziców jeden fakt historyczny, który znacząco wpłynął na ich życie i naznaczył ich los bolesnymi stratami. Skupiając się właśnie na roku 1914, Lessing testuje tym samym pomysły Nialla Fergusona, czołowego brytyjskiego twórcy historii wirtualnej, który przeciwstawia się marksistowskiemu widzeniu historiozofii i wskazuje na przypadkowość dziejów świata.
EN
The article presents an interpretation of Doris Lessing’s last novel Alfred and Emily – a patchwork created from fragments of dictionary definitions and encyclopaedic entries, a selection of literary quotes and a memoir about the writer’s brother. Broadly, the book is divided into two parts: the first part is a fictitious biography of the author’s parents, whereas the second part contains memories about them and their life in the bush. The second one supplements the first part with historical facts and critical moments from the family’s life. By constructing an alternative story about her parents, Lessing creates a counterfactual auto/biography by eliminating one historical fact which had impact on their lives and brought painful losses. By focusing precisely on the year 1914, Lessing tests ideas put forward by the British virtual history champion Niall Ferguson, who, contrary to Marxist historiosophy, postulates that the history of the world is contingent.
6
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Parodie, pastisze i recykling w prozie Stanisława Lema

100%
Gajewska A.
Zagadnienia Rodzajów Literackich
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2014
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vol. 57/114 z. 2
65-75
PL
Artykuł dotyczy pierwszego opublikowanego zbioru opowiadań Stanisława Lema, zatytułowanego Sezam z 1954 roku. Szczegółowa interpretacja cyklu skupia się na przedstawieniu strategii pisarskich stosowanych przez Lema, które umożliwiły sparodiowanie prozy produkcyjnej i antyimperialistycznej jeszcze w czasach stalinowskich. Autorka artykułu wskazała przy tym na politycznie wywrotowe znaczenie Sezamu, umieszczając zbiór wśród utworów zapowiadających odwilż. Ponadto w interpretacji opisane zostały środki stylistyczne (m.in. hiperbola) umożliwiające podjęcie gry z cenzurą, która nie dostrzegła w tym pierwszym zbiorze opowiadań ironicznego dystansu. Artykuł dowodzi, że krytyka imperialnej polityki USA w krótkich opowiadaniach Lema stała się jednocześnie krytyką zimnowojennej polityki ZSRR.
EN
The article analyzes ways in which Stanislaw Lem’s short stories collected in Sezam i inne opowiadania [Sesame and Other Stories] (first published in 1954) are a parody and satire on the imperialistic policies of both the USA and the Soviet Union. Parody and satire are discussed against a comparative background of specific examples of contemporary Polish and foreign literary works and with reference to the findings of Polish and international literary studies. As a result, the author postulates in the article that new politically subversive meanings of the stories unravel. Another issue considered in the analysis is Lem’s dexterous play with censorship by means of irony and parody (especially by hyperbolizing) thanks to which Polish censorship completely failed to decipher this double-dealing. The author comes to the conclusion that the criticism of imperial politics of the US in Lem’s short stories in question turns out to be a critique of the cold war politics of the Soviet Union as well.
7
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Od redakcji

51%
Galant A., Gajewska A., Jaworski M., Śniedziewski P.
Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Literacka
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2013
|
issue 21
7-10
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