Search results - CEJSH

1

Zápas proti chaosu ve světě i v českém prostoru. Rio Preisner a jeho chápání anarchismu

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Hanuš J.

Slovanský přehled: historická revue pro dějiny střední, východní a jihovýchodní Evropy (Slavonic Review: Review for Central, Eastern and Southeastern European history)

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2018

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vol. 104

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issue 3

569-579

EN

This article on the understanding of anarchism in the work of Rio Preisner (1925-2007), theoretician, Germanist, translator and poet, wants to point out the character and scope of his production and focus on the question of how Preisner understood anarchy and anarchism, first in the background of his translation of the work of Hermann Broch and later in his analysis of totalitarianism.

2

Protest kobiet. Wizerunek katolicyzmu w wytwórczości współczesnych polskich reżyserek

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Kornacki K.

Images. The International Journal of European Film, Performing Arts and Audiovisual Communication

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2021

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vol. 30

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issue 39

157-182

EN

In the second decade of the 20th century (especially in the years 2016-2020), a significant number of films by Polish female directors were released in which Catholicism and the Catholic Church were attacked. They were: W imię… [In the Name of…], Body/ciało [Body], Twarz (Mug) and Córka boga [The Other Lamb] – all directed by Małgorzata Szumowska; Dzikie róże [Wild Roses] by Anna Jadowska, Pokot [Spoor] by Agnieszka Holland and Kasia Adamik, Wieża. Jasny dzień [Tower. A Bright Day] by Jagoda Szelc, Powrót, [Back Home] by Magdalena Łazarkiewicz, Maryjki [Marygoround] by Daria Woszek, as well as a documentary Komunia [Communion] by Anna Zamecka. The polemic related to the above-mentioned movies commented on the religiosity of Catholics and the quality of the institutional church (priests, hierarchies, methods of ministering and teaching), religious control and repression of corporeality and sexuality (including female sexuality), and Catholicism as the foundation of the patriarchal system. These films also feature elements of the "positive program", a proposal for a new cultural paradigm (new spirituality), organized around Nature, with the suggestion of matriarchy. From the point of view of social communication, the content and poetics of above-mentioned the films were similar, according to the author, to the content of the protests of the Ogólnopolski Strajk Kobiet (Polish Women's Strike), which demonstrated in 2016 and 2020 against the tightening of abortion laws.

3

Wojownicy polscy w pierwszej wyprawie krzyżowej. Rozważania na podstawie powieści Krzyżowcy Zofii Kossak

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Rajczew I.

Postscriptum Polonistyczne

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2013

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issue 2(12)

221-232

EN

The article is devoted to the novel Crusaders (1935) by the Polish novelist Zofia Kossak (1889–1968). It discusses the author’s hypothesis about the Polish participation in the First Crusade (1096–1099). The article focuses on the possible interpretation of the novel in the spirit of the philosophy of Polish Messianism. The accession to the Crusade forces by the Silesian warriors can be considered as an act of redemption for the sins of the whole Polish nation as well as a pilgrimage to Poland being regarded as visiting the Promised Land. The psychological aspects of the first (according to the novel) participation of Polish armed forc-es in an international military expedition are also considered in terms of tribal solidarity, consolidating the role of Christianity and pagan traditions that had a significant impact on Poles at the end of the eleventh century.

4

KATOLICYZM A LIBERALIZM. RECEPCJA LIBERALIZMU NA ŁAMACH WSPÓŁCZESNEJ, POLSKIEJ PRASY KATOLICKIEJ (WYBRANE ZAGADNIENIA)

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Tasak A.

Polityka i Społeczeństwo

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2014

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issue 4(12)

70-85 (16)

EN

The subject of the analysis was the reception of liberalism in selected Polish Catho-lic newspapers – chosen in the context of frequently discussed differences between Polish Catholic communities. After 1989, liberalism was treated as a threat in certain Catholic communities. However, it may be assumed that the criticism concerned the liberalism understood in its stereotypical form. Liberalism was frequently and deeply criticised in “Niedziela” and “Gość Niedzielny.” It was associated with all the imperfec-tion and evil of the contemporary world. The Catholic community related to, among others, “Tygodnik Powszechny” attempted to conduct a dialogue with representative liberal thinkers, frequently emphasising the positive aspects of the most significant liber-al principles. The analysis of contemporary Polish Catholic press confirms the fact that the disputes depicted in the previous decade are still valid. Moreover, it might even be concluded that the rhetoric has sharpened and the boundaries demarcating the Catholic communities in their attitudes to liberalism have become more pronounced.

5

An Icon from the Orthodox Church in Tatаurоvо (Eastern Siberia)

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Panasiuk J.

Colloquia Humanistica

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2017

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issue 6

EN

An Icon from the Orthodox Church in Tatаurоvо (Eastern Siberia)In the Orthodox church in Tataurovo (Татаỳрово), a settlement in Eastern Siberia, consecrated in 2013, there is a noncanonical old icon with features of eastern and western painting. Ikona z cerkwi prawosławnej z Tataurowa (wschodnia Syberia)W miejscowości Tataurowo (Татаỳрово), znajdującej się we wschodniej Syberii, w prawosławnej cerkwi konsekrowanej w 2013 roku znajduje się niekanoniczna stara ikona nosząca cechy zarówno wschodniego, jak i zachodniego malarstwa.

6

The Birth of the "Polak-Katolik"

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Porter-Szűcs B.

Sprawy Narodowościowe

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2017

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issue 49

EN

The Birth of the Polak-KatolikThe concept of the Polak-Katolik emerged in the form we know it today only at the very end of the 19th century. While there were many earlier ways to express the complicated relationship between Polish national belonging and Roman Catholicism, the distinctive pairing of two hyphenated nouns signified a new stage in the history of this entanglement. Geneza pojęcia Polak katolikPojęcie Polak katolik w postaci, którą znamy dzisiaj, wyłoniło się dopiero pod sam koniec XIX wieku. Choć skomplikowany związek pomiędzy przynależnością do narodu polskiego a rzymskim katolicyzmem wyrażany był wcześniej na wiele sposobów, to jednak zestawienie i połączenie obu tych rzeczowników w jednej parze wyznaczyło nowy etap w dziejach tego splotu.

7

Late Baroque Manuscript "Supplicant of the Sinner to the Lord Jesus". Eschatological Reflections

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Panasiuk J.

Colloquia Humanistica

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2018

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issue 7

EN

Late Baroque Manuscript Supplicant of the Sinner to the Lord Jesus. Eschatological ReflectionsThe scope of observations in this article will be concerned by Supplicant’s Song of the Lord Jesus(inc. "Jesus, my merciful ..."), belonging to the so-called the popular area. This text was found in a handwritten collection dated to 1744, belonging to the Discalced Carmelite Nuns in Krakow. In this song, we can identify - as a result of eschatological reflections - the idea of contemptus mundi (contempt of the world), originating from the middle ages. Późnobarokowy rękopis Supliki grzesznika do Pana Jezusa. Eschatologiczne refleksjeZakres obserwacji wyznaczy tu należąca do nurtu tzw. popularnego pieśń Suplika grzesznika do Pana Jezusa (inc. „Jezu mój litościwy…”). Tekst odnaleziono w rękopiśmiennym zbiorze datowanym na 1744 rok, należącym do biblioteki karmelitanek bosych w Krakowie. W pieśni – na skutek eschatologicznych refleksji - uobecnia się idea contemptus mundi (pogardy świata), wywodząca się z wieków średnich.

8

Volunteering and Catholicism in Europe. The Inside Perspective. Part 1: Theoretical

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Sadlon W., Rymsza M.

The Person and the Challenges. The Journal of Theology, Education, Canon Law and Social Studies Inspired by Pope John Paul II

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2023

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vol. 13

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issue 2

199-214

EN

The paper analyses the social activity practices of the Catholic persons, as a set of individual and collective action emerging from the Catholic identity and structuralised under the Church-related formal non-profit initiatives. The purpose of the study is to clarify: (1) to what extent the Catholic unpaid social activities of different kinds could be classified as forms of volunteering and (2) to what extent the third sector definitions of volunteering include the specificity of Catholic activities. There are three reasons for observed tendencies to not include religion-oriented volunteering in voluntary studies. Firstly, while using tools for collecting data adequate for the secular world, researchers face methodological difficulties in order to successfully cover social activities organized in parishes and congregations. Secondly, fonist approach reflects the ideological-rooted tendency to treat religion as a matter pertaining to private life. Thirdly, some of religious-based entities tends to keep social activities of the believers inside the church-related circle. From the Catholic perspective, volunteer engagement represents an important aspect of faith-based daily activities, so called ‘lived religion’. Social engagement of believers provided within the church-related entities, as well as outside them, usually fulfils all the main features of volunteering. The relation between volunteering and religion is to be referred, not only to the general position of faith-based and religious organizations in public sphere, but also to the embeddedness of religious life in the society, as in fact, both religion and volunteering are categories social per se. Reflection on volunteering and Catholicism is illustrated by presenting empirical evidence from the 2018 panel expert research among representatives of 29 Catholic Bishops Conferences across Europe.

9

Volunteering and Catholicism in Europe. The Inside Perspective Part 2: Empirical

100%

Sadlon W., Rymsza M.

The Person and the Challenges. The Journal of Theology, Education, Canon Law and Social Studies Inspired by Pope John Paul II

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2024

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vol. 14

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issue 1

213-227

EN

In the paper we analyse the social activity practices of Catholic persons, as a set of individual and collective action emerging from the Catholic identity and – to more or less extent – structuralised under the Church-related formal non-profit initiatives. The purpose of the study is to clarify: (1) to what extent the Catholic unpaid social activities of different kinds could be classified as forms of volunteering and (2) to what extent the third sector definitions of volunteering are included in specific Catholic activities. Three tendencies have been observed with respect to not including religion-oriented volunteering in voluntary studies. Firstly, while using tools for collecting data adequate for the secular world, researchers face methodological difficulties to successfully cover social activities organized in parishes and congregations. Secondly, a reductionist approach reflects the ideological-rooted tendency to treat religion as a matter of private life. Thirdly, some religious-based entities tend to keep social activities of the believers within the Church-related circle. From the Catholic perspective, volunteer engagement represents an important aspect of faith-based every day activities, the so-called lived religion. At the same time, social engagement of believers provided within the Church-related entities, as well as outside them, usually fulfils all main features of volunteering. The relation between volunteering and religion is to be referred not only to the general position of faith-based and religious organizations in the public sphere, but also to the embeddedness of religious life in the society, as in fact both religion and volunteering are categories social per se. We illustrate our reflection on volunteering and Catholicism by presenting empirical evidence from the 2018 panel expert research among representatives of 29 Catholic Bishops Conferences across Europe.

10

Ku modelowi konfrontatywnego badania języka prawosławia i katolicyzmu

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Madjieva V.

Stylistyka

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2020

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vol. 29

25-40

EN

The work presents a preliminary proposal for a model of confrontative study of the language of Orthodoxy and Catholicism. A confrontative study refers to a type of comparison in which the objects being compared are equal, that is, the description of none of them is initial. Equality of the studied objects is achieved with the help of tertium comparationis, understood as an intermediary language, consisting of units of meaning and relations between them (compatibility rules). When comparing language denomination codes, the intermediary language is built at the level of the text – its units are genres that appear in religious texts. At the first stage of comparison, directed from meaning to form, a list of genres in the field of two types of texts is determined: analytically-systematizing and empirical. This division is basic from the point of view of semantics and language form, and thus from the point of view of observation and analysis methods. At this stage, several genres are examined and compared in terms of the concepts and their content that are fundamental to the texts of a given genre, as well as from the point of view of intertextuality essential for religious discourse: references to the Holy Scriptures, Traditions (for example Church Fathers) and dogma. Also at this stage, the processes occurring in the field of the list of genres are investigated: the emergence of new genres and modification of the existing ones. At the second stage, the object of comparison, directed from form to meaning, is the linguistic characteristic of genres in two aspects: the presence and intensity offeature of the biblical language in lexis, morphology, syntax in a given genre, and its own feature of lexis, morphology, and syntax of individual genres. At this stage, processes in the field of form are also taken into account and relate to the linguistic differentiation of the sacred and secular in Orthodoxy and Catholicism.

11

Pays, bastion et forteresse catholique ? À propos de la construction du sens social du nom propre Pologne dans le discours de la presse écrite

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Chruściel P.

Romanica Wratislaviensia

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2019

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vol. 66

163-176

EN

This paper is part of a broader study on the social meaning (sens social) of the proper name Pologne (Poland) created in the media production. The analysis of press discourse makes it possible to observe the recurrence of the adjective catholique (Catholic) in the co-occurrences of this toponym. The aim of this paper is, firstly, to examine the syntactic entourage of the name Pologne in which the adjective catholique appears and, secondly, to analyse, on the paradigmatic axis, reformulations of the toponym Pologne where this adjective appears (in the diaphoric network). This approach results in the description of the micro-field of the lexico-discursive profile of the name Pologne.

12

Wolność według Lorda Actona i Józefa Tischnera Analiza porównawcza myśli dwóch katolickich liberałów

88%

Przybyło S.

Politeja : Pismo Wydziału Studiów Miedzynarodowych i Politycznych Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego

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2014

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issue 2(28)

359-385

EN

The aim of this article is to provide a comparison between Lord Acton’s and Józef Tischner’s notions of freedom and liberalism. According to these authors, liberalism and Catholicism are not incompatible. Liberty, according to both Acton and Tischner, is inseparably related to Conscience, Responsibility and Good. Despite the differences between them, in particular the reflection on equality, both authors agreed that freedom of religion, private property or civil rights are the values that must be defended. Furthermore, they both were convinced of the huge role of Christianity in the history of freedom. Unlike classical liberals, in their opinion positive liberty is more important than negative liberty.

13

Od modernizacyjnego optymizmu ku antymodernizacyjnej utopii – zwrot w myśli politycznej Romana Dmowskiego

88%

Grzybek D.

Studia Historyczne

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2016

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vol. 59

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issue 4 (236)

441-464

EN

Between Modernistic Optimism and Antimodernistic Utopia - a Turn in the Political Thought of Roman Dmowski This article analyses the upheaval in political thought of Roman Dmowski (1964–1939), leader of the Polish National Democratic Party or National Party. Dmowski’s later doctrine was partly a counterpart of his earlier thought. Before the First World War, Dmowski supported social and economic modernisiation, but became a cultural pessimist after the war. The sources of this attitude were, however, his economic concepts. Dmowski expected economic catastrophe for industrialised European countries and the quick growth of industry in Asia. As a result, Dmowski prefered economic autarky as an adaptation to the new world order. In his opinion, autarky would give Poland a comparative advantage to the fallen industrial powers like Britain, France or Germany. However, autarkical order is incompatible with a democratic and parliamentary government, and thus Dmowski proposed rule of the ‘national elite’ and politicised Catholicism as the main tool for the political mobilisation of the masses. This way of thinking paved the way to utopian antimodernism ruled by vision of a homogeneous, static and autarchic society ruled by a ‘national elite’.

14

Udział polskich księży katolickich w wojnie rosyjsko-japońskiej (1904-1905) w przekazie prasy polskiej

88%

Bębenek M.

Studia Ełckie

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2021

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vol. 23

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issue 3

399-412

EN

The article presents the role of Polish clergy in the Russo-Japanese war of 1904-1905 on the basis of press publications of the time. Tens of thousands of Poles took part in this conflict. Their engagement in this war is still little known. Even less known is the involvement of Polish Catholic priests in this war. The author has analyzed about 50 Polish-language magazines published in Polish territories under the Russian partition. The work contains memoirs from the war front, included in letters written by Polish Catholic priests, their opinions and accounts. These men played a great role at the war front. They provided spiritual support and raised the morale of Polish soldiers. They helped to treat the wounded and performed daily field-duties. Catholic priests were treated with great respect and recognition.

15

The Portrayal of National Identity in the Films of Małgorzata Szumowska

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Wójcik G.

Sprawy Narodowościowe

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2017

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issue 49

EN

The Portrayal of National Identity in the Films of Małgorzata SzumowskaMałgorzata Szumowska is without a doubt one of a few Polish directors who has managed to distinguish herself on the European film market. Although, Szumowska is a cosmopolitan (in Ulf Hannerz’s terms), she does not forget about her Polish origins. On the contrary, she emphasizes contemporary Polish identity of her protagonists and Polishness in itself but does it from the external perspective. In her feature films, Małgorzata Szumowska defines Polish identity, according to Antonina Kłoskowska’s theory, as a phenomenon which always exists in a specific social and cultural context. From this perspective, Polishness is constantly negotiated and renegotiated by film protagonists. The author will distinguish three categories through which the director defines Polishness, these are: cultural trauma, national character and modern Catholic religiousness. These categories will be analyzed on the basis of specific examples. An applied methodological approach relies on cultural poetics assumptions, also known as new historicism. Portret tożsamości narodowej w filmach Małgorzaty SzumowskiejNiewątpliwie Małgorzacie Szumowskiej jako jednej z niewielu polskich reżyserek udało się przebić na europejskim rynku filmowym. Chociaż Szumowska może być uznana za kosmopolitkę (w rozumieniu Ulfa Hannerza), to nie zapomina ona o swoich polskich korzeniach. Przeciwnie, w swoich filmach podkreśla zainteresowanie współczesną Polską i polskością, ale czyni to niejako z perspektywy „zewnętrznej”. Wykorzystując teorię tożsamości narodowej autorstwa Antoniny Kłoskowskiej, autor wskazuje, że Szumowska w swoich filmach fabularnych postrzega tożsamość narodową jako fenomen obecny zawsze w określonych warunkach społeczno-kulturowych. W tym ujęciu polskość jest nieustannie negocjowana i renegocjowana przez filmowych protagonistów. Autor wyróżnia trzy kategorie, poprzez które reżyserka określa polskość: traumę kulturową, charakter narodowy oraz religię katolicką, które analizuje na konkretnych filmowych przykładach. Zastosowane podejście metodologiczne wykorzystuje postulaty poetyki kulturowej zwanej również nowym historyzmem.

16

Podróż jako poszukiwanie tożsamości. Europejskie peregrynacje romantyków rosyjskich

88%

Piwowarska D.

Politeja : Pismo Wydziału Studiów Miedzynarodowych i Politycznych Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego

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2013

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issue 4(26)

405-420

EN

The Author of the article concentrates on the role and sense of a journey as functioning in the consciousness of the Russian in the first half of the 19th century. The Russian used to travel to Europe for the sake of education already in the 18th century – in the epoch of Peter I. Travelling became even more popular in the Romantic period. Russian Romantics considered the journey to Europe as “the travel of discovery”, being thus a form of the exploration of the world and other cultures, but also a form of experience aimed at the acquisition of self‑knowledge and the recognition of self‑identity. The journey to the West of Europe could be perceived also in terms of a peculiar escape as well as an attempt at self‑liberation from the gloomy reality of the Russian Empire at the time of tsar Nikolay I. Russian travelers – observing European order and comparing it to their own country – realized that there was a great distance between Russia and Europe in this respect. The juxtaposition of those two worlds – Europe and Russia – was frequently connected with the process of verification of national, religious and cultural identity.

17

Religion-Based Cultural Communities in the Pre-Modern Balkans

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Detrez R.

Slavia Meridionalis

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2020

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vol. 20

EN

Religion-Based Cultural Communities in the Pre-Modern BalkansIntellectual life in the pre-modern Balkans was fragmented along religious lines. In the multi-ethnic religious communities (the Orthodox Christian, the Muslim and the Catholic), one particular “high code” language was used by the intellectual elites of the various ethnic groups as a shared means of communication in the field of worship, scholarship and literature. In addition, on behalf of the unschooled, who were ignorant of the high code, there existed within each community vernacular literature that was intended to instruct common people about the doctrine of their faith and keep them on the straight path. The use of a shared literary language strengthened the solidarity with each community but also increased the cultural divisiveness of the Balkans as a whole. The lack or scarcity of a high literature in a particular language is no indication of the “culturelessness” of its speakers. In fact, with their coreligionists they shared a rich high culture in one of the literary languages. Wspólnoty kulturowe oparte na religii na Bałkanach w czasach przednowoczesnychŻycie intelektualne na Bałkanach w czasach przednowoczesnych uległo rozdrobnieniu ze względu na podziały religijne. W wieloetnicznych wspólnotach wyznaniowych – prawosławnej, muzułmańskiej i katolickiej – jeden szczególny „wysoki” język był używany przez elity intelektualne różnych grup etnicznych jako wspólny środek komunikacji w dziedzinie kultu, edukacji i literatury. Obok niego, dla warstw niewykształconych, nieświadomych takiego kodu, w każdej społeczności istniała literatura w językach narodowych, mająca na celu pouczyć zwykłych ludzi o doktrynie ich wiary i właściwej drodze postępowania. Posługiwanie się wspólnym językiem literackim nie tylko wzmocniło solidarność międzywspólnotową, ale także zwiększyło kulturową różnorodność Bałkanów jako całości. Brak lub niedobór wysokiej literatury w danym języku nie świadczy o „braku kultury” u jej użytkowników. W rzeczywistości dzielili oni bowiem bogatą kulturę wysoką ze swoimi współwyznawcami za pośrednictwem innego języka literackiego.

18

Bałkański tygiel kultur i konfesji w dziewiętnastowiecznych relacjach polskich podróżników

88%

Jakóbiec-Semkowowa M.

Slavica Wratislaviensia

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2016

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vol. 162

7 - 24

EN

Out of numerous available Polish trip descriptions written at the end of the 19th century we have chosen the works by three Jesuits, Marcin Czermiński, Jan Badeni, and Julian Antoni Łukaszewicz, and a historian and ethnologist Aleksander Jabłonowski. Those works were by no means accidental: all the authors were experts in the matter of specific Balkan culture. We particularly analyse the authors’ interesting remarks on different denominations: Catholicism, Greek Orthodox Church, Islam and Judaism and relationships between members of these denominations. In their works the Polish authors frequently referred to the existing feeling of Slavic unity. At the same time they noticed the complexity of historical and political backgrounds which were then easily perceived in the region.

19

G.K. CHESTERTON’S GAMES WITH IDENTITIES

88%

Kujawska-Lis E.

Acta Neophilologica

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2009

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vol. XI

107-118

EN

Gilbert Keith Chesterton, the author of, amongst others, the Father Brown detective stories is generally analysed, with some exceptions, by Polish criticism in terms of ideology and Catholi- cism. His literary technique is treated with less attention, though his artistic output as such is perhaps valued even more in Poland than in England. This article attempts to fill in the gap by examining the ways in which Chesterton structures some of his stories and the way he introduces and inserts elements of Catholic doctrine into them. This article investigates the recurring motif of various identities for the same character both in selected stories and within the framework of the whole Father Brown cycle. Chesterton’s characters epitomise the dichotomy of human nature: one and the same character may transition from an honest person into a criminal and vice versa. The author also shows the implications of leading a double life and, of course, employs the notion of a double identity as a vehicle for committing a crime.

20

“Opoka w Kraju” (The Bedrock in a Country). The magazine’s monograph

88%

Szwed A.

Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio K – Politologia

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2013

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vol. 20

|

issue 1

EN

The periodical “Opoka w Kraju” may be classified into the mainstream of national magazines. Such a view can be corroborated by the magazine’s references to the Catholic ethics, perception of the nation as the highest value, historicism, the role of a family in maintaining one’s identity and a life in accordance with the Latin civilization. In its columns, the magazine presented the role of the nation, the national vision of the state, foreign policy, and the importance of religion. The essence of the national identity and culture was being emphasized, part and parcel of which was the stereotype of a Pole as a Catholic. The magazine was also moralistic in its character. It presented the effects of actions incompatible with the Catholic ethics and described some political formations which were not concerned about the Polish national interests. An important aspect within the scope of ideas presented in “Opoka w kraju” was a dichotomousview of the world, consisting of potential allies and disclosed enemies.“Opoka w Kraju” was a family magazine. Its predecessor “Opoka w Kraju” was published in exile, in London between 1963 and1988 by Jędrzej Giertych. A year after his death in 1993, the magazine started to be published in Poland by Jędrzej’s son – Maciej Giertych. “Opoka w Kraju” was based mainly on the political thought of Roman Dmowski, Felix Koneczny and Jędrzej Giertych. For this reason, its programme policy has not changed since 1969.

PL

Artykuł nie zawiera abstraktu w języku polskim

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