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EN
The article attempts to approach the subject of making culture accessible for people with hearing impairment from the perspective including social, cultural and linguistic issues. The most important matters discussed in the first part of the article are: history of the sign language and the Deaf culture in Poland as well as ambiguities related to communication methods, i.e. differentiating between the sign language and the manual code for spoken language. Based upon the considerations above, the following issues are presented: the role of a sign language interpreter in the process of making culture accessible, and the role of Polish language as an uncertain medium of conveying information to people with hearing impairment. In the article, theoretical considerations alternate with practical guidelines and solutions, which might facilitate the process of creating an offer for this particular type of museum visitor. The concluding part contains a list of the most interesting projects being conducted in Poland, which might be valuable as an inspiration for beginners in organising events dedicated to the deaf and hard of hearing people.
EN
Ethical and methodologically correct diagnosis of a child hearing Deaf parents requires a specialist with extensive knowledge. In every society there are people who use the visual-spatial language – they are deaf people. They are perceived by the majority as disabled people, less frequently as a cultural minority. The adoption of a particular attitude towards the perception of deafness determines the context of the psychologist’s assessment. Diagnosis in such a specific situation shouldbe viewed from the perspective of a child hearing as a bi-cultural person, a descendant of a Deaf parent – a representative of the Deaf culture and himself a psychologist representing the cultural majority of hearing people.
EN
Ethical and methodologically correct diagnosis of a hearing child of Deaf parents requires a specialist with extensive knowledge. In every society there are people who use the visual-spatial language – they are deaf people. They are perceived by the majority as disabled people, less frequently as a cultural minority. The adoption of a particular attitude towards the perception of deafness determines the context of the psychologist’s assessment. Diagnosis in such a specific situation should be viewed from the perspective of a child hearing as a bi-cultural person, a descendant of a Deaf parent – a representative of the Deaf culture and himself a psychol-gist representing the cultural majority of hearing people.
PL
Artykuł poświęcony jest sytuacji osób niesłyszących w systemie edukacyjnym promującym multikulturowość i transkulturowość. Uwzględnia się tu specyfikę funkcjonowania i identyfikacji tożsamowościowej jednostki żyjącej jednocześnie w „świecie ciszy”, ale w „społeczeństwie dźwięku”. Zwraca się uwagę na tworzenie środowiska edukacyjnego sprzyjającego rozwojowi kulturowości Głuchych oraz znoszącego bariery biopsychospołeczne, w tym komunikacyjne. Praca skupiona jest wokół wsparcia rozwoju dziecka z wadą słuchu, które nie jest w stanie rozwinąć mowy dźwiękowej na poziomie umożliwiającym swobodną komunikację i eksplorację świata. Wzrastając jednak w kulturze Głuchych, może ono percypować rzeczywistość, budując relacje i tworząc reprezentacje poznawcze w Polskim Języku Migowym.
EN
The article is devoted to the situation of the deaf in an educational system which promotes the multicultural and transcultural. This includes the specific of functioning and identity of the hard of hearing, who live in a “world of silence”, but “sound society”. Attention is drawn to how to create an educational environment conducive to the development of the culture of the hard of hearing and abolishing biopsychosocial barriers, including communication. The dissertation is focused on supporting the development of a child who is hard of hearing and unable to develop sound speech at a level that allows human communication and exploration of the world. Growing up in a hard of hearing culture, however, they can perceive reality by creating relationships and cognitive representations in Polish Sign Language.
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