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1
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Operating surplus in financial management of Polish local government units

100%
Błażuk K.
Zeszyty Naukowe UPH seria Administracja i Zarządzanie
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2018
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vol. 45
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issue 118
93-98
EN
The aim of the article is to assess the currently effective limiting mechanisms for debt incurrence capability of Polish local government units (LGU), which is based on the size of the generated operating surplus. Moreover, the article includes a verification of a hypothesis stating that from 2011, the level of operating surplus significantly influences the investment decisions of LGUs. The article also skeptically scrutinizes the introduction of the operating surplus generation imperative with reference to the LGU subsector (a legal ban of deficit in the current part for LGUs) without similar restrictions regarding the central subsector, which was responsible for about 93% of total public debt in 2001-2016. The methodology applied includes statistical data analysis, as well as a dogmatic-legal method. The dependence of debt incurrence capability on generated operating surplus is to be positively appraised – the financial ratio which incorporates the size of the surplus is an indicator that defines a safe level of debt and therefore accurately reflects the financial condition and credit capabilities of LGUs. This value determines, not only the formal, but also the real credit capability of the unit. The reform of the LGU finance system without any additional constraints on the central level will not lead to the general rejuvenation of the public finance.
2

Zdolność jednostek samorządu terytorialnego do absorpcji funduszy europejskich

75%
Wyszkowska D.
Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician
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2013
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issue nr 10
31-39
XX
W artykule podjęto próbę analizy sytuacji finansowej JST pod kątem możliwości zapewnienia przez nie niezbędnych środków finansowych na dofinansowanie projektów europejskich po roku 2014. Przyjęcie tak sformułowanego celu wymagało dokonania analizy dochodów i wydatków samorządów oraz wielkości i proponowanych kierunków wykorzystania unijnych funduszy po roku 2014. (fragment tekstu)
EN
Beginning in 2014, the new programming period for cohesion policy helps us to reflect on the evaluation of the ability of local governments to reach for the non-reimbursable funds of the European Union. A major problem is their low income self-reliance. In the period 2007-2011 increased current expenditures of local government as well as their debt. This reąuires careful deciding on new investments. This article aims to analyze the fmancial situation of local govern-ments in 2007-2011 and determination which necessary fmancial arrange-ments should comply local governments in determining budgets for 2014-2020. (original abstract)
3
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Analiza wskaźników opisujących sytuację finansową powiatów w województwie dolnośląskim w latach 2006-2012

63%
Kopyściański T., Rólczyński T.
Studia Ekonomiczne
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2014
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vol. 206
61-73
PL
Wyniki badań przedstawione w ramach niniejszego artykułu odnoszą się do problematyki zastosowania wskaźników opisujących finansowe aspekty funkcjonowania jednostek samorządu terytorialnego. Badania prowadzone były w wymiarze lokalnym (powiaty i gminy wchodzące w ich skład), gdyż to na tym poziomie świadczona jest większość podstawowych usług publicznych. Celem artykułu jest w szczególności próba identyfikacji wskaźników, które w największym stopniu opisują sytuację finansową w analizowanym przekroju. Zastosowana metoda Hellwiga w odniesieniu do danych z województwa dolnośląskiego z lat 2006-2012 wskazuje na istotne znaczenie w tym zakresie przede wszystkim udziału nadwyżki operacyjnej w dochodach ogółem oraz udziału zobowiązań wymagalnych w zobowiązaniach ogółem.
EN
The results presented in this article relate to the issue of ratio analysis concerning financial aspects of the functioning of the local government units. The study was conducted at the local level (poviats and local municipalities belonging to them), since there the majority of public services are provided. The article aims in particular to identify indicators that describe the financial situation in the analyzed scale. Hellwig's method applied to the data from the region of Lower Silesia in the period of 2006-2012 indicates a significant role of the contribution of the operating surplus in the total income and the share of maturing liabilities in total liabilities.
4
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Efektywne zarządzanie długiem jednostek samorządu terytorialnego w świetle obowiązujących regulacji prawnych

63%
Peter-Bombik K., Kożuch A. J.
Studia Ekonomiczne
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2013
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vol. 168
245-255
EN
The effective local debt management concerns long-term planning, using concrete methods and instruments. This article presents selected solutions characteristic of obligations connected with legal regulations and possibilities of debt management.
5
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Wieloletnia prognoza finansowa jako instrument zarządzania finansami jednostek samorządu terytorialnego

63%
Owsiak K.
Studia Ekonomiczne
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2014
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vol. 198 cz 1
166-176
EN
Long-term financial forecast compiled mandatory since 2011 by local government units had to be a document containing not only the prediction on the basic financial categories, but also implemented projects. Already after the first year of application could meet up with the opinion that long-term financial forecast is not a perfect document planning and the management, and records of long-term financial forecast included in the Public Finance Act of 2009, were rated as imprecise. Most of doubt aroused realism of data, Long-term financial forecast compatibility with the budget resolution, the powers of local government bodies in the field of making various changes during the financial year as well as issues related to the list of projects. It seems that from the point of view of the Ministry of Finance, the purpose for which it was introduced long-term financial forecast has been reached. Ministry of Finance from 2013 to date monitor the financial condition of local governments, including the level of income, expenditure, deficit and debt of local government units for the financial year and the next three years, thanks to the obligation of the electronic transmission of resolutions and ordinances on long-term financial forecast. The article indicated some aspects of very controversial in the preparation of longterm financial forecast while attempting to answer the question whether long-term financial forecast has fulfilled its role as an instrument of financial management?
6
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The financial condition of selected territorial governments in the Malopolska voivodship within the new EU financial framework

51%
Kwaśny J.
Central European Review of Economics & Finance
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2016
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issue Vol. 14, No 4
65-83
EN
The purpose of the article is to evaluate the financial condition of selected territorial governments in the Malopolska Voivodship within the new EU financial framework for the 2014- 2020 period. The global economic crisis has affected not only financial markets but also the policy and development strategies of local and territorial authorities. Changes have occurred in the approach to strategic objectives, which are now focused on regions and aim to stimulate endogenous growth potentials. New plans and strategies have already been drafted on the national and regional level, but their implementation, as well as the achievement of goals laid down in the Europe 2020 strategy, will crucially depend on the absorption capabilities of territorial governments. The research hypothesis of the article concerns the need to restructure the revenue system of territorial governments and further decentralize public finances in order to stimulate regional endogenous growth potentials. In order to verify it, financial indicators for selected territorial governments in the 2010-2014 period are analyzed. The findings show that there are positive trends underway in the budget policies of analyzed governments, but their revenues are still inadequate and their total growth potential remains low.(original abstract)
7
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Innowacje finansowe w jednostkach samorządu terytorialnego na skutek wejścia w życie art. 243 ustawy o finansach publicznych

51%
Kluza K.
Studia Ekonomiczne
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2015
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vol. 238
53-64
PL
Od 2014 r. obowiązuje art. 243 ustawy o finansach publicznych, definiujący maksymalny poziom zadłużenia dla jednostek samorządu terytorialnego. W odpowiedzi na restrykcyjny charakter nowej regulacji, a także słabnącą dynamikę dochodów samorządów w okresie spowolnienia gospodarczego i potrzebę absorpcji środków z Perspektywy Finansowej 2014-2020, samorządy wspólnie z sektorem finansowym stworzyły nowe instrumenty finansowania: leasing zwrotny nieruchomości, dzierżawę zwrotną oraz subrogację długu. Leasing operacyjny zwrotny i dzierżawa zwrotna to produkty, które umożliwiają nie tylko pozyskanie nowych środków przez samorząd, ale równocześnie wpływają korzystnie na wskaźnik zadłużenia z art. 243. Subrogacja długu to zaś odpowiednik kredytu konsolidacyjnego - nie ma na celu pozyskania nowych środków tylko optymalizację spłat istniejącego zadłużenia, tak aby mógł spełniać wymogi art. 243. Instrumenty leasingu i dzierżawy zwrotnej są w okresie dekoniunktury atrakcyjną alternatywą do sprzedaży majątku przez samorządy. Subrogacja długu może oprócz poprawy wskaźnika z art. 243 obniżyć też koszt finansowania dla samorządu.
EN
The text describes financial innovation in local governments as a consequence of adopting art. 243 of Public Finance Law since 2014. This regulation introduced new statutory debt limits for local governments based on their historical operating surplus and the sale of fixed assets. In response to the restrictive nature of the new regulation, as well as weakening growth of local government revenues during the economic downturn and the need to absorb funds from the EU Financial Perspective 2014-2020, local government sector together with the financial institutions developed new instruments i.e. the sale and leaseback of property, reversed tenancy and subrogation of debt. Sale and leaseback as well as reversed tenancy are products that allow not only to acquire new financing by local governments, but also have a positive impact on the debt limits of art. 243. The subrogation of debt is an equivalent of soft restructuring of existing debt repayment schedule so that a government comply with the new statutory requirements. Instruments of sale and leaseback and reversed tenancy are attractive alternatives to the sale of assets by local governments, what in the period of recession normally takes place at relatively low prices. In addition, subrogation of debt may not only improve the statutory limits but also reduce the cost of financing for local government.
8
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Identyfikacja i pomiar zjawiska stresu fiskalnego w jednostkach samorządu terytorialnego (JST) na przykładzie doświadczeń wybranych miast na prawach powiatu w Polsce w latach 2009-2011

51%
Wójtowicz K.
Studia Ekonomiczne
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2014
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vol. 186 cz 2
101-110
EN
The main purpose of the article is to evaluate the risk of local fiscal stress in Polish city counties in 2009-2011. The research was based on the methodology created by P. Kloha, C. S. Weissert, R. Kleine known as 10-points scale of fiscal distress.
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