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1

THEATRICAL SPACE - TEXT OR GEOMETRY? (Przestrzen teatralna - tekst czy geometria?)

100%
Karasinska M.
Przegląd Kulturoznawczy
|
2008
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vol. 1
|
issue 1(4)
197-209
EN
A main subject of the article is a problem of the theatrical space treated as a general cultural schema. Historic forms of the theatrical space from the antiquity to the present day propose different kinds of the social communication. The basic distinction refers to the theatre of line and the theatre of circle, indicated by Patrice Pavis. The first one is a type of the theatre of the community and participations, the second one (the Italian theatre) situates the spectator and the stage as the object to look at on opposing sides. In the history of the theatre dominates spatal constructions connected with following paradigms of science. To the very end of 19th century in the composition of the theatrical space dominates the geometrical order, the beginnng of 20th century introduces the new category the empty space, brought to life by the dynamic human body. Postodernism proposes the wide range of the interpretation of the theatrical space - in performance studies created by Richard Schechner it includes every kind of human behaviour. The metaphorical meaning of the occurrence of the theatricalness permits to refer the category of the theatrical space to the problems of philosophy, sociology and the theory of literature.
2
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The Ambiguity of the Ritual Communique. Mediaeval Forms of Social Communication

80%
Falkowski W.
Kwartalnik Historyczny
|
2006
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vol. 113
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issue 2
5-25
EN
The ritual is analysed as a communique which transmits additional contents to the described public events. By doing so, it creates new meanings which can be understood variously, depending on the ensuing situation, the manner of applying the ritual, and the possibility of separating 'ordinary conduct' from gestures, symbols and behaviour commenting on the emergent situation. The analysed gesture of embracing legs and sometimes kissing them could have had assorted meanings, and have been interpreted differently depending on a concrete situation and the intention of the persons performing it. This question is discussed upon the examples of chronicles by Gallus Anonymous, Aldemar de Chabannes, Richer, Raul Glaber, Dudo de Saint Quentin and Nuthard. All are based on a single scheme of behaviour which contains the gesture of a public demonstration of respect and obedience. Each time, however, they present a different content which upon occasions was distant from the fundamental meaning of the used ceremonial. An inappropriate application of the ritual was depicted in the story of Boleslaw II who humiliated the duke of Kiev. Instead of political profit, his conduct brought losses, and in place of glory - contempt, with the improper use of the ritual turning against the main protagonist and adversely affecting his authority.
3
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Pojęcie stereotypu w badaniach francuskich. Przegląd najnowszych tendencji

80%
Skibinska E.
Etnolingwistyka. Problemy Języka i Kultury
|
2003
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vol. 15
63-79
PL
Autorka studium przedstawia, w jaki sposób pojęcie stereotypu funkcjonuje w nowszych pracach francuskich, głównie językoznawczych, ale też w dziedzinach pokrewnych, gdyż studia dotyczące stereotypu często mają charakter interdyscyplinarny. Lektura francuskojęzycznych książek i rozpraw wskazuje, że dla autorów z tego kręgu językowego głównymi cechami stereotypu są: powtarzalność, odtwarzalność utrwalonych składników, charakter społeczny, uproszczenie i schematyczność. Cechy te eksploatowane są na różny sposób w różnych nurtach językoznawstwa, które pojęciem stereotypu posługują się jako narzędziem analizy czy opisu. Część autorów omawianych prac ujmuje stereotyp w sposób wąski i odnosi do sposobów jego funkcjonowania w języku (składnik znaczenia wyrażeń, czynnik współbudujący relacje wewnątrztekstowe), inni rozumieją go szeroko, w sposób zbliżony do Lippmannowskiego (socjologicznego) ujęcia stereotypu jako czynnika zapewniającego możliwość komunikacji wewnątrz określonej grupy społecznej (widoczne to jest np. w dydaktyce języka francuskiego jako obcego). Choć termin stéréotype nie ma jednego jasno i wyraźnie zdefiniowanego znaczenia, to właśnie jego „nieostrość” sprawia, że jest on używany często i służy do mówienia o różnych zjawiskach natury semantycznej, gramatycznej i pragmatycznej.
EN
The article attempts to show how the notion of stereotype is used in recent French publications, mostly linguistic but also from related fields (research on stereotypes is often interdisciplinary in nature). For French authors, the main characteristics of stereotypes are: recurrence, reconstitution of stable features, social character, simplistic nature and schematicity. For analytical or descriptive purposes, the characteristics are used differently in different linguistic trends, which results in various interpretations of what stereotypes are and how they function. Some authors understand stereotypes in a narrow way and restrict their descriptions to the way the latter function in language (as components of the meaning of linguistic expressions or factors contributing to intratextual relationships); others adopt a broader perspective, closer to Lippmann's (social) understanding of stereotypes as factors facilitating communication within a given social group (this approach is characteristic of the methodology of teaching French as a foreign language). The notion of stereotype does not have one clearly and precisely defined meaning; due to its vague boundaries it is used frequently and resorted to in the analyses of various semantic, grammatical and pragmatic phenomena.
4

ON SOME OF THE ASSUMPTIONS OF LEIBNIZ'S PROGRAMME OF ENLIGHTENED SOCIETY

70%
Swieczkowska H.
Studies in Logic, Grammar and Rhetoric
|
2009
|
issue 15(28)
121-133
EN
The aim of this paper is a partial reconstruction of the Leibnizian programme of building new enlightened community, which is described by the philosopher in his political papers and correspondence. The concept of new community, defined in contemporary language as the society based on knowledge, is one of important ideas of Leibnizian political and social thought.
5
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Tworzywo bez właściwości - technologia cyfrowa jako metamedium

70%
Skladanek M.
Przegląd Kulturoznawczy
|
2011
|
issue 1(9)
37-45
EN
Today, we witness two generative forces of digital media culture meeting flexible, open, easy-to-use digital technology and large-scale social communication, sharing of in- formation, knowledge and media representations. These two forces are equally important in media convergence and divergence, but also tightly coupled. This paper traces the root of 'metamedium' concept, developed in late 70s by Alan Kay, to show that at the beginning two crucial aspects of digital revolution were intentionally connected within the project of creating 'personal dynamic media'. Thinking of digital technology as a 'material without qualities' - as a open to any transformation, mutation and extension metamedium - has significant impact on new media discourse. Not only because it reveals essential difference between 'old' and 'new media', but also because it exposes solid ground for practices od media hybridization, innovation or - using Lev Manovich notion - process of 'deep remixability'.
6

LITERÁRNÍ KRITIKA JAKO RPG

70%
Janoušek P.
Slovenská literatúra (Slovak Literature)
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2011
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vol. 58
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issue 5
417 – 424
EN
The study is a part of a more extensive work which deals with seeing literature as a competitive game and individual communication strategies used by the participants of the game, that is literature experts. From this point of view the role of a literary critic (a review writer) - beside those of a theoretician and a historian - appears to be one of the fundamental and constitutional roles. The study metaphorically compares the role to those taken on by RPG characters. That is simulation strategies where the players adopt chosen identities including certain possibilities and abilities, tasks and goals, and where playing the game consists of exploring a certain at first unknown or completely covered, space and successfully or unsuccessfully seizing, controlling and subjugating the space. According to the author, a critic within literary life similarly fulfils tasks, collects points and has only a relative freedom to choose their way, tasks as well as goals. Therefore the author characterizes and classifies various decisions the critics have to make while performing their roles in the game, the conditions under which they choose their tasks, as well as the methods they use to support their opinions and attitudes. Their natural goal is to reach such a position in a particular literary community they could influence through their reviews the assessing views of individual works of art as well as general issues of literary and social life and its current state. Apart from reasoning as an important element of literary criticism´s game strategies the author also finds it important for critics to try to appeal to potential readers emotionally, to draw their attention - in an adequate and well-timed manner - in the areas beyond reason such as impressions, feelings and affinities.
7
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Społeczeństwo obywatelskie a sfera publiczna

70%
Calhoun C.
Roczniki Nauk Społecznych
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2011
|
vol. 3(39)
9-27
EN
The author tries to prove the thesis that the conception of public sphere is a factor that decides the future of democracy. It has connected civil society and the state with the principle saying that social communication is able to inform the legislators and state administration about how they should serve the interests of all the citizens. While civil society reflects the struggle that tries to reconcile individual profits with building an ethical community, public sphere plays the key role in finding new areas of common good and in working out both social and individual strategies in order to achieve it. An ideal project of public sphere assumes that all its participants express their opinions as equals; however, reality shows that inequality and domination still distort social communication. An open and dynamic public sphere is the dimension of civil society that is the most important one for democracy, as it helps build the demos in the literal sense of the word – as a community that is able to create its own future. Public sphere functions owing to communication; it connects cultural creativity, selective and consolidated traditions, and a well thought out debate; and all this in order to give information to the citizens participating in it and to influence the state and other institutions.
8
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K PRAMEŇOM VEREJNOSTI: POKUS O SOCIOLOGICKÚ INTERPRETÁCIU

70%
Stena J.
Sociológia (Sociology)
|
2020
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vol. 52
|
issue 2
153 - 179
EN
This paper is an attempt to recompose a theory of the public from the position of sociology. The author seeks inspirational stimuli for such a goal in classic conceptualisations (Dewey, Arendt, Habermas, Fraser). He monitors the development of the concept of “publicness” and the penetration of information technologies into this domain. The author attempts to outline in form hypothesis the mechanism by which an individual becomes part of the public. In conclusion, the author discovers the public as sociability ferment, which is the universal ground for social movements and organized associations of civil society. The author's reasoning is based on the metatheory of the morphogenetic approach.
9

Oblicza odpowiedzialności w mediosferze

61%
Drożdż M.
Studia Socialia Cracoviensia
|
2010
|
issue 2(3)
57-78
EN
Building and maintaining harmony in the process of fulfillment of good is from the very beginning of the rational reflection connected with responsibility. Our paper shows topicality and necessity of the value for establishing accurate communication relations which co-create basic social bonds and structures. Media ethics must therefore rest upon the foundation of responsibility, for at the core of human experience is the experience of responsibility for one’s actions which reveals the sense of human dignity. Both types of experience are fundamental in media activities, which is why it will be imperative that fairness and responsibility be considered foundations of ethics upon which comprehensive deontology of media with basic ethical principles of responsibility is shaped.
10
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CHURCH‘S ATTITUDE TO THE MEANS AND PHILOSOPHY OF COMMUNICATION IN THE 9TH AND 16TH CENTURIES: COURAGE AND TRUST VERSUS ESCAPE AND CENSORSHIP

61%
Adamski A., Przywara B., Przybyło S.
Konštantínove listy
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2020
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vol. 13
|
issue 2
111 - 123
EN
This article is interdisciplinary. It concerns the research area of communication and media studies, theology and history. The authors analyze papal documents issued in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, which concerned the distribution of the so-called avvisi - handwritten ephemeral writings, commonly regarded as prototypes of modern press. The authors put forward the hypothesis that the criticism of avvisi at that time was mainly based on an immediate political need, while arguments of theological nature had less influence on this attitude. Nevertheless, such an attitude should be regarded as conservative and withdrawing. The authors juxtapose it with a diametrically different approach to the issue of communication, which the Church presented in relation to the mission of Cyril and Methodius. The courageous and trusting attitude of inculturation and treating the language of the Slavic peoples as an instrument of evangelization allowed for more effective missionary activities.
11

Motywy biblijne w dramatach Karola Wojtyły jako sposób dzielenia się duchowością

51%
Misztal W.
Studia Socialia Cracoviensia
|
2011
|
issue 1(4)
49-60
EN
The paper refers to selected motifs and themes of the literary work of Karol Wojtyła on the example of his „Radiation of Fatherhood”, the focus being laid upon connections between Wojtyła’s work and The Holy Writ, that is books that are of fundamental significance to Christianity and Christian spirituality. Attention is drawn to issues of theological and methodological character. Selected Biblical motifs are more broadly shown. The paper demonstrates Biblical motifs to be an expression of spirituality as well as a tool of spreading it.
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