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EN
1. The character of sociologist's comments concerning political matters: a) theoretical statements, b) recommendations concerning some activities in the field of social technology, c) ideological judgments/opinions. 2. The types of comments/statements made by sociologist's who carry out various social roles: a) statements of theoretical researchers' statements, b) journalists' comments/statements, c) statements/comments of decision-makers, technicians of poli¬tical engineering or political activists. 3. People assessing the reliability of sociologist's comments on political matters and the criteria used by them. 4. Problems of sociologist's comments on politics: a) the problem of getting at truth in a conversation-discussion, b) the problem of intersubiective acceptance, c) the problem of discourse identity.
Society Register
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2019
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vol. 3
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issue 1
137-162
EN
AbstractThe use of video recordings for the production of knowledge has spread all over society. This paper presents an empirical study of the processes of interpretation of audio-visual recordings. It draws on an example in the context of police work and on the other side investigation of recordings of police violence. With a theoretical background in communicative constructivism special attention is given to situated bodily forms of “making things visible” performed by the participants. Interpretation is not understood as an pure cognitive but rather an communicative process. I elaborate on that by presenting results of (reflexive) videography of practices of video-interpretation. However, the specifics of the work are not only brought upon situatively, but are embedded in an institutional and organizational context. This paper draws on the concept of work arcs, that allow to highlight the trans-situative linkage.
EN
The aim of this dissertation is to identify the scope of convergence of sociology and psychology with special attention to the areas which are especially essential in the analysis of phenomena connected with human health and disease. World Health Organization has defined health as bio-psycho-sociological wellbeing and thus has pointed out three areas which are indispensable in maintaining homeostasis of health (biological, mental and social area), and indicated three disciplines whose mutual cooperation is essential for building up complete knowledge of health and its determinants. Medicine, psychology and sociology are the fields of knowledge whose cooperation is essential to support individual and social health. Regardless of the distinct fields of research that sociology and psychology cover, it is relatively easy to find within them some common scope of interest relating to health. The most important area of expected cooperation is the problem of psychosocial stress. Another identified areas of cooperation for sociology and psychology are social support and its influence on health, the issue of doctor-patient interaction and its psychotherapeutic effect as well as psychosocial determinants of health and disease. Research cooperation between sociology and psychology in the above mentioned areas can contribute to its in-depth exploration which may result in practical implementation of acquired knowledge in the areas of health and disease.
PL
Artykuł porusza kwestie zastosowań socjologii w zrozumieniu mechanizmów związanych z funkcjonowaniem giełd papierów wartościowych. Jego celem jest ukazanie zjawisk społecznych wpływających na celowość inwestycji w papiery wartościowe.
EN
The article covers the notions of applying the sociology to understand the mechanisms that are involved in stock exchange functioning. The purpose of this article is to show the social phenomena affecting the advisability of investing in securities.
EN
Various initiatives have been launched to encourage sociology students studying in the UK to engage more with quantitative research methods (for example: Dale et al., 2008; Adney and Carey, 2009; Falkingham et al., 2009), however, their success has been limited. Embedding quantitative methods in substantive sociology curricula has been suggested as one way to reduce students’ anxieties about learning quantitative research methods (Williams et al., 2015). This approach has been employed at Cardiff University’s School of Social Sciences, where quantitative skills have been strategically incorporated into various aspects of a first year undergraduate substantive module. This paper will reflect on the experience of teaching on this module. The paper will conclude that while the introduction of quantitative content into substantive modules indicates support for change, embedding alone cannot be viewed as a single solution to encouraging to students’ to learn about or utilise quantitative research methods. Two possible reasons for this will be suggested. Firstly, it will be argued that the majority of students no longer pursue sociology at degree level in order to gain the skills to become a competent social researcher, but rather see sociology as a discipline that will equip them with transferable and desirable skills for many occupations. Consequently, engagement with quantitative research methods is not essential to students’ strategic approach to learning as it was for previous generations who wished to understand how to study their social world. Secondly, it will be suggested that the deficit of quantitative methods in mainstream British sociology journals and the methodological preferences of practicing sociologists leads to speculation over the available staff who are capable of delivering an integrated curriculum with quantitative methods embedded in substantive modules.
EN
Considering the issue of power in Foucault will always lead to comments on the issue of knowledge and vice versa. What I suggest in this paper, however, is to look into both topics presented in the work by Foucault separately, at least to a certain extent. I believe that the evolution of these two threads in his works allows us to evaluate their suitability differently as far as their relevance to contemporary culture is concerned. Foucault’s approach to the issue of power and its evolution towards so-called governmentality is evidence of how accurately he sensed the direction of changes to the Zeitgeist of Western civilizations, a fact which cannot be said about the evolution of Foucault’s approach to the issue of knowledge, leaning towards the question of truth and truth-telling. The aim of this paper is to substantiate the outlined and differentiated evaluation of Foucault’s oeuvre while, at the same time, highlighting the predominant features of contemporary culture. Special attention will be paid to the role of sociology in governmentality.
EN
After the Chernobyl’s and Three Miles’s accidents, the relation between technology and risk started to be questioned. Social scientist posited considerable criticism against technology and how its interventions may engender new dangers. However, these views ignored the fact that risks are not just a result of technology, but also depend upon the trust and knowledge. Any risk, first, should be defined as a narrative which is enrooted in a previous cultural and stereotyped framework. By itself, technology is only an instrument employed in different directions. This essay review explores the limitations and approaches of two senior sociologists who delved in the study of risk and climate change, Cass Sunstein and Anthony Giddens.
EN
The aim of this article is to examine selected phenomena and processes occurring in late modernity that bring significant challenges for the operation of the law. The article is supposed to be the impetus to deepen interdisciplinary reflections on the law that should be considered in a social context. Firstly, in the article the presentation of characteristic aspects of late modernity is given. The description is concentrated on: (a) risk society, (b) increasing role of experts, (c) issue of lack of trust, (d) moral panic, (e) post-testing. Secondly, the article is focused on finding direct links between abovementioned and processes that occur in law: (a) difficulties encountered in the legal policy, (b) legislative and decision-making problems, (c) reformulation of the role of lawyers, (d) diversification level of prestige and confidence in the law, (e) its inflation or (f) instrumental use in the political game. Those processes cannot be treated as unequivocally negative. The output of the presented article is to point out the awareness of the fact that those phenomena may be indicators of difficulties appearing during the process of creation of the law and its application. The purpose of the article is to provoke the discussion that will enrich the reflection on the law by using the achievements and knowledge of other social sciences, especially sociology.
RU
В статье предлагается подход к анализу творческой деятельности, основанный На сочетании концепции альтернативных возможностей индивидуального выбора с Анализом исторических тенденций изменения содержания человеческой деятельности. .
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PL
Artykuł podejmuje pytanie o akademickie kształcenie socjologów w Polsce i jako taki relacjonuje wyniki rozpoznania skali i problemów związanych ze studiami socjologicznymi należącymi do jednych z bardziej popularnych wśród polskiej młodzieży. Podstawą źródłową analiz są – z jednej strony – dane MNiSW (dotyczące uczelni prowadzących kształcenie na kierunku socjologia, liczby studentów i absolwentów studiów socjologicznych itp.) oraz – z drugiej – dane pochodzące z badań własnych, obejmujących analizy zawartości stron internetowych ośrodków prowadzących kształcenie socjologów, opinii na temat kształcenia i studiowania socjologii zgromadzonych w wywiadach przeprowadzonych wśród osób odpowiedzialnych za organizację studiów socjologicznych (dyrektorzy instytutów, dziekani), studentów oraz osób mających doświadczenia z wykładaniem/studiowaniem socjologii za granicą (visiting professors, stypendyści programu Erasmus). Przeprowadzone analizy ujawniają (1) rosnącą ekspansję uczelni niepublicznych oraz uczelni o profilu zawodowym w kształceniu socjologów; (2) poczucie konfuzji wśród osób odpowiedzialnych za organizację studiów socjologicznych (głównie w związku z niejasnościami systemu bolońskiego); (3) silną presję studentów na pragmatyzację kierunku; (4) rozległy obszar koniecznych zmian; (5) dobra opinię o jakości kształcenia akademickiego w polskich uczelniach, złą gdy idzie o jakość nauczania, organizację studiów i relacje studenci – pracownicy. Niejasność profilu zawodowego absolwenta socjologii może być – paradoksalnie – jego mocną stroną w społeczeństwie ponowoczesnym, które potrzebuje specjalistów potrafiących rozumieć i zarządzać coraz bardziej złożonymi relacjami społecznymi.
EN
The paper considers the question of the status of teaching/studying sociology at Polish universities. The basic data were derived from two sources. They come partly from the Ministry of Higher Education (a number of public and private universities offering sociology as a field of study, numbers of students and graduates and so on). And another source of data is the author’s empirical research which includes: analysis of websites, interviews with students, lecturers, deans, visiting professors, and Erasmus beneficiaries. The study refers to the similar one made ten years ago. Comparison of both makes it possible to notice: (1) growing interest in studying sociology in Poland and increasing expansion of private universities (and vocational colleges) in this field; (2) strong students’ pressure on making sociological studies more pragmatic; (3) wide space for necessary changes and corrections; (4) confusion among managers responsible for the process of academic teaching (mostly due to the new regulations of the Bologna system); (5) good opinion about the academic level of Polish sociology but poor quality of academic teaching, badly organized process of studying and too formal relationships between students and lecturers. Ambiguity of a professional profile of the sociologist can be – paradoxically – its strong side in postmodern society which needs specialists able to understand increasingly complex social relationships in every area. There is one condition, however, sociological studies should be complemented with other ones.
EN
Efforts of the democratic societies oriented toward security are the essential protection from terrorist attacks, crises, disasters and calamities as well as from the various forms of technological destructions. In the above presented considerations author exposed the need of conducting sociological and interdisciplinary studies on identity of security in theoretic and practical perspectives. The theoretic perspective includes building interdisciplinary study teams of international and national character. But the practical perspective includes collecting and implementing practitioners` experiences and building the science and research centers. Their main objective would be to analyze and verify different models elaborated by various teams of theoreticians. In this context, good example is to set up an international group of Wise Men for elaborating a new strategic concept of NATO led by Madeleine Albright, the former US defense secretary. Showed considerations clearly indicate that the synergic effects of studies and undertaken actions in the area of security mostly depend on the potential existed in the knowledge and experience possessed by experts engaged in solving problems and tasks oriented toward maintaining and elevating the level of security. In practice they are not only connected with the strategy of security but also with the awareness of threats functioning among the scientists and practitioners.
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Przestrzeń życia codziennego

51%
PL
Dlaczego przestrzeń międzyludzka jest dla nas ważna? Przede wszystkim dlatego, że nigdy w innej nie istniejemy. Od urodzenia do śmierci znajdujemy się w przestrzeni innych ludzi. Drugi podstawowy fakt egzystencjalny to to, że inni są nam nieustannie potrzebni, nieustannie niezbędni do zrealizowania siebie, naszych wszelkich potrzeb, po prostu do stania się w pełni ludźmi. (fragment tekstu)
EN
This paper presents an analysis of the common-sense definitions of hatha-yoga practice.Employing qualitative research methods, I aim to develop an understanding of how yogais perceived by people exercising and practicing it. Initially it appears as if most practitionershad an idiosyncratic approach to definitions of yoga: However, as my analysis showsindividual and personal approaches are in fact based on social framing of yoga definitionspresented in classical yoga texts and by instructors’ interpretations of these texts. Moreover,popular media ideologies emphasising the healthy effects of the hatha-yoga also playan important role, including the stress placed on the psychotherapeutic effect of yogaexercising. My analysis further identifies problematic issues in the verbal transmission ofhatha-yoga definitions; this aspect of this paper suggests that other methods (e.g. visualones) might also be conducive to studying the perception and definition of hatha-yoga.
PL
This paper presents an analysis of the common-sense definitions of hatha-yoga practice.Employing qualitative research methods, I aim to develop an understanding of how yogais perceived by people exercising and practicing it. Initially it appears as if most practitionershad an idiosyncratic approach to definitions of yoga: However, as my analysis showsindividual and personal approaches are in fact based on social framing of yoga definitionspresented in classical yoga texts and by instructors’ interpretations of these texts. Moreover,popular media ideologies emphasising the healthy effects of the hatha-yoga also playan important role, including the stress placed on the psychotherapeutic effect of yogaexercising. My analysis further identifies problematic issues in the verbal transmission ofhatha-yoga definitions; this aspect of this paper suggests that other methods (e.g. visualones) might also be conducive to studying the perception and definition of hatha-yoga.
Etnografia Polska
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2012
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vol. 56
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issue 1-2
195-211
EN
Showing the place and the role of the graduates of humanistic departments (faculties of arts) in the area of public relations is the aim of this article. These lines, despite obvious differences resulting from the range and the object of the scientific reflection, have a lot in common. The three following fields of study; journalism, sociology and cultural anthropology attribute a great role to communication, language and their influence on the individual, group and culture. Also, for many lecturers, who also function as various experts, advisors, journalists or simply people appearing in media, a very important form of work with their students is interpersonal communication. The graduates of faculties of art turn out to be useful in the areas where communication skills are necessary, in contacts with the internal public as well as the external institutions working on the market. They use their knowledge (relating to culture and communication) successfully building good contacts and relationships with the other people. They also show empathy which is crucial to build up socially related working teams focused on short and long-term campaigns and goals. All kinds of organizations, not only connected with economy, must have good relations with society, especially local community, which expects the organization to engage in local issues such as improving the education system, providing possibilities for personal development, eliminating poverty and social inequalities, creating new workplaces, protecting the environment, etc.
EN
Whereas Emile Durkheim (1858-1917) has long been envisioned as a structuralist, quantitative, and positivist sociologist, some materials that Durkheim produced in the later stages of his career-namely, Moral Education (1961 [1902-1903]), The Evolution of Educational Thought (1977 [1904-1905]), The Elementary Forms of the Religious Life (1915 [1912]), and Pragmatism and Sociology (1983 [1913-1914]) attest to a very different conception of sociology-one with particular relevance to the study of human knowing, acting, and interchange. Although scarcely known in the social sciences, Emile Durkheim’s (1993 [1887]) “La Science Positive de la Morale en Allemagne” [“The Scientific Study of Morality in Germany”] is an exceptionally important statement for establishing the base of much of Durkheim’s subsequent social thought and for comprehending the field of sociology more generally. This includes the structuralist-pragmatist divide and the more distinctively humanist approach to the study of community life that Durkheim most visibly develops later (1961 [1902-1903]; 1977 [1904-1905]; 1915 [1912]; 1983 [1913-1914]) in his career.
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EN
Motivation until the beginning of the 19th century was an undiscovered area of scientific research. The idea of using motivation in psychology, almost or in other fields, was born only at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. Leon Petrażycki was one of the first scientists to make a groundbreaking classification of psychic phenomena. He distinguished among them emotions, feelings, sensations and processes of the will. Research that was carried out at that time showed a connection between emotions and motivation. Many of the later researchers continued various assumptions resulting from Petrażycki’s theory. In literature, two periods of the scholar’s work are distinguished: St. Petersburg and Warsaw. Therefore, it is justified to divide his followers on the basis of these stages of his scientific activity. The article presents short profiles of researchers selected by the author who were inspired by the ideas of Leon Petrażycki, including Jerzy Lande, Henryk Piętka, Mikołaj Timaszew, Georgij Gurwicz, and Mikhail Rejsner. In addition, an analysis of their work was made in the context of emotions and the theory of motivation initiated by the St. Petersburg scientist. It also presents the views of contemporary Petrażycki supporters.
PL
Motywacja do początku XIX wieku stanowiła nieodkryty obszar badań nauki. Idea wykorzystywania motywacji w psychologii, prawie czy w innych dziedzinach zrodziła się dopiero na przełomie XIX i XX wieku. Leon Petrażycki był jednym z pierwszych uczonych, który dokonał przełomowej klasyfikacji zjawisk psychicznych. Wyróżnił wśród nich emocje, czucia, uczucia oraz procesy woli. Badania, które zostały przeprowadzone w tamtych czasach, wskazywały na powiązanie pomiędzy emocjami a motywacją. Sporo późniejszych pracowników naukowych kontynuowało rozmaite założenia wynikające z teorii Petrażyckiego. W literaturze wyróżnia się dwa okresy twórczości uczonego: petersburski oraz warszawski, dlatego też zasadne jest dokonanie podziału kontynuatorów Petrażyckiego w oparciu o te etapy jego działalności naukowej. W artykule krótko przedstawione zostały sylwetki wybranych przez autorkę badaczy, którzy inspirowali się ideami Petrażyckiego, m.in.: Jerzego Landego, Henryka Piętki, Mikołaja Timaszewa, Gieorgija Gurwicza, Michaiła Rejsnera. Ponadto dokonana została analiza ich twórczości w kontekście emocji oraz teorii motywacji zapoczątkowanej przez petersburskiego uczonego. Ukazane zostały również poglądy współczesnych zwolenników petrażycjanizmu.
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