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La catégorisation linguistique des couleurs: niveaux d'élémentarité des noms de couleurs français

100%
Golka M. H.
Cognitive Studies
|
2014
|
issue 14
131-147
EN
Categorisation is one of the basic cognitive processes. Because of the continuous character of the colour spectrum, colour terms constitute an interesting material to study linguistic categorisation. The first part of this article offers a review of research on the linguistic categorisation of colours, especially on basic colour terms and prototypes. In the second part, the results of an empirical study on the basicness of French colour terms will be presented. The results suggest that colour terms are categorised as prototypically structured concepts, which supports the hypothesis of the relative basicness of colour terms.
2
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Orange Lemons, Yellow People, Brown Oranges: Language Contact and Changes in the Basic Irish Colour Te r m Buí

88%
Ó Fionnáin M.
Academic Journal of Modern Philology
|
2019
|
vol. 8
81-91
EN
The aim of this paper is to look at the changes currently taking place in regards to the Basic Colour Term buí in Irish. Irish, a Celtic language, is, along with English, one of the official languages of Ireland although it is very much a minority one, with an overwhelming number of L2 speakers of varying linguistic ability. As a result of this, and the fact that the language itself is surrounded by a sea of English, English syntax and vocabulary—and its way of perceiving the world—is constantly being brought to bear on the language, and L1 speakers are continually being exposed to this and coming under its influence. One illustration of this is the Basic Colour Term buí. Traditionally, this term had its focus on ‘yellow’ but also covered ‘orange’ through light brown or ‘tan’. However, it is nowadays most frequently understood by L2 speakers as a one-to-one equivalent for the English term ‘yellow’, with oráiste‘orange’ and donn ‘brown’ being used, as in English, to cover those other shades that would traditionally be part of buí. To this end, I present results from field-work carried out amongst L1 native speakers of Irish to see how far this change has taken place in their own understanding of the language and how much the traditional Irish colour system is yielding to that of English.
3
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Motivace pojmenování a lidová etymologie v českých a finských toponymech obsahujících barevná označení ČERNÁ a BÍLÁ

63%
Wojnarová S.
Národopisný věstník
|
2022
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vol. 63
|
issue 2
497-520
EN
The terms denoting BLACK and WHITE appear in (almost) all languages. Often, they are the only colour terms the language has and in this case they refer not only to black and white but to different shades of grey and to the presence or absence of light as well, thus having a much wider semantic scope. The inventory of basic colour terms in Czech and Finnish contains more expressions than these two, however in toponyms the most frequent colour terms are BLACK and WHITE which at the same time show the qualities of macrocolours. Despite the differences in the landscape and language, the colour terms in toponyms of both areas tend to show certain similarities, e.g. the wider semantics of a macrocolour, or similar ways when explaining these names. These explanations seem to be reflecting more the naming motivation than being a “naive” folk etymology made up later. This actually testifies about the universality of colour perception and conception which is more permanent and obvious in toponyms than in other appellatives, regardless of the language, than of random explanations created by the users.
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