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EN
The flood of 1947: from studies on the contexts of natural disasters in Poland after World War II (Summary)In the article the author has attempted to characterize certain contexts of the 1947 flood – one of the worst calamities in Poland in the 20th century. According to incomplete data, at least 65 people died as a result, which is more than in the 1934 flood, which until then had been considered the worst (with 55 victims). The discussion, based mainly on source materials which have not been used before and press articles, relates to issues such as: anomalous weather conditions in Poland and Europe in the years 1946–47 (a cold wave), reasons for the flood (climate-related, organizational, economic), loss of property, everyday life in areas struck by the calamity and attempts at its political objectifycation, and forms of aid for the victims.
EN
One way to determine in a comprehensive manner the impact of selected weather factors on the human body is biothermal-meteorological classification of weather. In this paper the typology by K. Błażejczyk was used. On the basis of this typology there were 169 different states of weather separated occurring in the years 1976–2010 on IMGW synoptic station in Lublin-Radawiec. In this period the type which occurred with the highest frequency was cold weather. That frequency reached on average 33% during the year, with maximum in November and February (over 45% of days). The type comfortable weather occurred in 11% of days during the year, with maximum during autumn (October, 23%) and spring (April, 22%). Very hot weather, with highest values of thermal sensations has occurred with frequency of 23% in the analyzed years. It was noted since May to September, mainly in July and August.
PL
Jednym ze sposobów określenia w kompleksowy sposób wpływu wybranych czynników pogodowych na organizm człowieka jest biotermiczno-meteorologiczna klasyfikacja pogody. W pracy wykorzystano w tym celu typologię K. Błażejczyka. Na jej podstawie wyróżniono 169 różnych rodzajów wydzieleń stanów pogody występujących w okresie 1976-2010 na stacji IMGW w Lublinie Radawcu. W wieloleciu tym najczęściej pojawiającym się typem była pogoda chłodna. Występowała ona średnio w roku z częstością 33%, najczęściej w listopadzie i lutym (powyżej 45% dni). Pogoda o typie komfortowym pojawiała się w 11% dni w roku, głownie jesienią (październik, 23%) i wiosną (kwiecień, 22%). Pogoda bardzo gorąca, z najwyższymi wartościami odczuć cieplnych, występowała z częstością 23% w analizowanym okresie. Notowano ją od maja do września, głównie w lipcu i sierpniu.
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