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EN
According to the author, the development of scientific and technological revolution has increased the role of manipulation in society: handling technologies used in particular for advertising, political campaigns, armed conflicts, acts of terrorism as well as ideological wars.
EN
The author writes that the diversity of quality of life, access to social goods and opportunities in life for different groups significantly changed attitudes towards television and its place in the structure of services.
EN
The paper is the result of questionnaire research conducted to verify the hypothesis that guaranteed contracts in relations with banks is becoming culturally obsolete. Working from this assumption is rooted in the realities of everyday life and is based on studies developed specifically to verify the above hypothesis. The paper is taken from the empirical section of the author’s unpublished Ph.D. dissertation: “The functioning of the guarantee in contemporary society – awareness and willingness to be the guarantor”. Both the research and the development of its outcomes are completely independent of other materials and studies. Studies by other authors are not used in the present work.
EN
When registering the changes affecting our societies, which undoubtedly have a multidimensional character and occur at different speeds, it is impossible to disregard the issue of education. This is especially true in the context of the discourse focusing on so-called cognitive capitalism, creative industries, intangible work, gig/sharing economy, education is an extremely important element of not only “the personal troubles”, but also “the public issues of social structure”, to use C. Wright Mills (2000:8) terms.
Ethics in Progress
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2018
|
vol. 9
|
issue 1
62-98
EN
In this paper, I consider whether a theoretically defined concept of underclass can be helpful in social scientific discourse. I analyze, review and categorize the concept of a underclass and I made some suggestions for a use of the concept application in the study of social, psychological and moral consequences of poverty. It begins with a discussion of the continuing and pervasive appeal of structural explanations as the root cause of poverty. Then are also examined cultural theories, which by contrast find explanation for poverty in various elements of culture (ex. cultural traits of poor are thought to be different from those of the rest society). A third, a synthetic review of the urban underclass concept is explored. The article also describes the concept of a „culture of poverty” (taking into account the context of the subculture) and „lower class value stretch” as influential concepts in analyses of contemporary poverty and in explanations of the behavior of the poor.
PL
In this paper, I consider whether a theoretically defined concept of underclasscan be helpful in social scientific discourse. I analyze, review and categorize the conceptof a underclass and I made some suggestions for a use of the concept application inthe study of social, psychological and moral consequences of poverty. It begins with adiscussion of the continuing and pervasive appeal of structural explanations as theroot cause of poverty. Then are also examined cultural theories, which by contrast findexplanation for poverty in various elements of culture (ex. cultural traits of poor arethought to be different from those of the rest society). A third, a synthetic review of theurban underclass concept is explored. The article also describes the concept of a „cultureof poverty” (taking into account the context of the subculture) and „lower class valuestretch” as influential concepts in analyses of contemporary poverty and in explanationsof the behavior of the poor.
EN
According to Zygmunt Bauman, the first and fundamental step towards a new social order should be instilling the public belief that the status quo be negated. He highlights the lack of new ideas, not even any sense of direction when it comes to a search for new paradigms. He makes the public realize that the contemporary socialist thought is to advance further towards new horizons, the ones that remove restrictions which were imposed to counterculture by socialist capitalist era. Bauman considers the issue of finding answers to fillowing questions to be the most important challenge of the twenty-first century: where to get new, better multipanetary principles of social life that could be widely accepted and respected? Where to find their creators and implementors, those who know how to intorduce the new creed to guide the humanity? Hypothesis that Bauman puts, is the claim that the future of socialism would be decided upon a cultural level. He puts an emphasis not so much a formal change of ownership, but on new culture and new philosophy with diffrent patterns of relationship.
EN
John Rawls is one of the most important contemporary political philosophers. His monumental work aims to provide a reasoned and reasonable response to the issue of justice, assuming a critical perspective and taking away from metaphysical to introduce their reflections in the public sphere. However, his proposal has been criticized mainly by an apparent contradiction between the aim pursued by Rawls and the effects produced by implementing partners’ postulates tolerance. Therefore, Rawls’s proposal is insufficient to develop tolerance in the context of a complex and fragmented society.
ES
John Rawls es uno de los más importantes filósofos políticos contemporáneos. Su monumental obra pretende dar una respuesta razonada y razonable frente al tema de la justicia, asumiendo una perspectiva crítica y tomando distancia de consideraciones metafísicas para introducir sus reflexiones en la esfera de lo público (la política). Sin embargo, su propuesta, ha sido objeto de crítica principalmente por una aparente contradicción entre el fin perseguido por Rawls y los efectos que se producen al implementar los postulados asociados a la tolerancia. Por lo mismo, la propuesta de Rawls resulta insuficiente para desarrollar la tolerancia en el marco de una sociedad compleja y atomizada.
PL
Tytuł i abstrakt w języku oryginalnym artykułu
EN
This article provides a theoretical conceptualization of the role of public relations in society based on the “organic theory” of public relations and on Luhmann’s systems theory as well as on the concept of trust. In a postmodern, hypercomplex society, we claim that the main role of public relations is to strengthen system interactions through the creation of trust among systems. To enhance, maintain and ensure trust, public relations practitioners must think, not only strategically, but “metastrategically,” beginning with a normative theory of society that is built on the foundation of existing social theory, e.g. Luhmann, but also on contemporary social theory that must be built within a framework of communication technology.
EN
The narrative used in the article refers to the interpretational complexity of the phenomenon of contemporary society. Globalization fulfills a wide spectrum of the global world phenomena in the situation of unobviousness, diversity, ambivalence and ambiguity, which influence the new quality of sociocultural life. Trying to understand the content given to the distinguished definitions of society, intellectuals refer to the theory of the social development and to the interpretation of the mechanisms of a social change, with a focus on the spheres of social life, which are the impulses for changes taking place in the society. Emphasizing heterogeneity and changeability of forms of postmodern social organization, one may point to the following orientations capturing subtleness of the contemporary society: orientation to a global change, orientation to a certain type of civilization ascription to risk, orientation to responsibility, orientation to anticipation, orientation to responsible participation and cooperation in a changing and interdependent global society, orientation to knowledge, orientation to experience borrowed from the media, orientation to the consumption ideology. Society faces the task of selfdetermination in the situation of non-obviousness, risk, fragmentation and ambiguity. By no accident then, were the the globalizational processes in the world and a critical and permanent thought and evaluation of the changes taking place in the modern global society, in the focus of the authoress. Paying attention to the quality of the global “cultural ecumene” (U. Hannerz) inclines reflection about global changes in lifestyles which is meaningful for the quality of changes in the job world and career planning and career management practices. The sequential development of an individual (which is integrally linked with the career development) constitutes the essence of the process, which is lifelong. The economy which is based on knowledge determines the orientation on knowledge of the contemporary society. The development of careers of members in such a society is its crucial element. Moreover, the quality of socio-cultural and economic changes will demand constant career management and modification of its individualized paths.
EN
The continuosly transforming contemporary world has altered the process of identity creation. Consequently, the contemporaneous discouse on identity is subject to fundamental metamorphoses. The power of consumption, in its broadest sense, represents one of the major factors that affects the way people conceive an perceive their and others' indentities. Ultimately, the social relations are also functioning differently. The basic purpose of this paper is to understand whether people are losing their identities or whether they are creating new ones. It is an attempt to identtify the positive and/or negative aspects of consumption in the process of identity creation. The paradoxical connection between the contemporaneous discourse on identity and the process of consumption is expressed in Baudrillard's concept of consumption as a system of signs. Baudrillard considers consumers to be “mutually implicated, in a general system of exchange and in the production of coded values.”
EN
This article attempts to present the issues of family upbringing in the face of contemporary challenges. In the era of transformations and globalization processes taking place in the perspective of social life, values and traditions, it is particularly important to analyze upbringing in a modern family. Due to the fact that civilization changes significantly affect upbringing in a family, it is important to attempt to analyze and reflect on the process of upbringing in families. The publication presents the specificity of upbringing in the family. Then, attention was paid to factors that may significantly disturb the process of upbringing in a family.
PL
W niniejszym artykule podjęto próbę ukazania problematyki wychowania w rodzinie wobec współczesnych wyzwań. W dobie dokonujących się transformacji i procesów globalizacji w perspektywie życia społecznego, wartości, tradycji szczególne istotne jest podjęcie analizy wychowania we współczesnej rodzinie. Z uwagi na to, że zmiany cywilizacyjne znacząco wpływają na wychowanie w rodzinie, ważne jest podjęcie próby analizy i zastanowienia nad procesem wychowania w rodzinach. W publikacji przedstawiono kolejno specyfikę wychowania w rodzinie. Następnie zwrócono uwagę na czynniki, które w znaczący sposób mogą zaburzyć proces wychowania w rodzinie.
UK
У дослідженні енциклопедичні видання висвітлено з точки зору їхнього впливу на громадську думку. Зауважено, що за радянської доби найвагоміші енциклопедії, як-то «Велика радянська енциклопедія» чи «Українська радянська енциклопедія», слугували стратегічним інструментом пропаганди комуністичної ідеології, популяризації радянського соціалізму тощо. З’ясовано, що підготовка енциклопедичних видань національного характеру в сьогоднішніх умовах може розглядатися як дієвий засіб прищеплювання національних цінностей в українському суспільстві.
EN
Encyclopedias are studied in view of an effect of the encyclopedic information on the public opinion. It is noted that during the Soviet era, the most important encyclopedias, such as the Soviet Encyclopedia or the Ukrainian Soviet Encyclopedia, functioned as a strategic tool for the propaganda of communist ideo­logy, the popularization of Soviet socialism, and others like that. It is concluded that nowadays the making of national encyclopedias can be considered as an effective activity in promoting of national values in Ukrainian contemporary society.
EN
The paper presents the Postmodern consumerism as a current threat faced by the integrated development of individuals and societies. Consuming goods is vital process for the human life. However, the Postmodernism makes it a value in itself which can be freely adjusted as one pleases in the process of widening one’s own sphere of dominion. The consumerist culture is extremely materialistic. It leads to the distortion or even to the disappearance of the objective hierarchy of values and moral rules. In some particular cases the Postmodern consumerism goes as far as defending the social injustice. In the light of the teaching of Sollicitudo rei socialis we must admit that the egoistically motivated consumerism expresses itself in the supremacy of to have over to be, which in turn inhibits the integrated social growth. One way to overcome the Postmodern consumerism is to bring back the concept of the auxiliary value of the material goods and to set it in the context of the ethical and moral system based on the Christian tradition. 
PL
Artykuł prezentuje postmodernistyczny konsumpcjonizm jako współczesne zagrożenie dla integralnego rozwoju w wymiarze jednostkowym i społecznym. Konsumowanie dóbr jest niezbędne dla funkcjonowania człowieka. Postmodernizm czyni z tegoż konsumowania wartość autoteliczną, dowolnie profilowaną egoistycznymi pragnieniami jednostki do poszerzania władzy posiadania. Kultura konsumpcjonistyczna jest skrajnie materialistyczna. Prowadzi również rozchwiania a niekiedy wręcz zaniku obiektywnych hierarchii wartości czy systemów zasad moralnych. Postmodernistyczny konsumpcjonizm uzasadnia w skrajnych przypadkach niesprawiedliwość społeczną. W kontekście nauczania zawartego w encyklice Sollicitudo rei socialis stwierdzić trzeba, iż egoistycznie ukierunkowany konsumpcjonizm wyraża się w przewadze „mieć” nad „być”, co hamuje integralny rozwój społeczny. Skuteczne przezwyciężania postmodernistycznego konsumpcjonizmu dokonuje się poprzez przywrócenie dobrom naturalnym narzędziowego charakteru w ramach obiektywnego porządku etyczno-moralnego ukształtowanego na tradycji chrześcijańskiej.
Rocznik Lubuski
|
2014
|
vol. 40
|
issue 2a
73-93
EN
The author of the paper focused on the attempt (via the questionnaire survey) to obtain the answers to the following questions: How do the youth define the period of youth? Are the youth aware of the requirements of modern times? What qualities do the youth use to describe themselves? Do these characteristics correspond to those preferred in a modern society? The group of respondents included University of Rzeszów students representing various subject areas (e.g., sociology, social work, cultural sciences, political sciences, economy) and the students of East European State Higher School in Przemyśl (e.g., sociology, political sciences). The study was conducted in the summer semester in the academic year 2012/2013. Contrary to objective expectations, the youth see the period of youth rather as the period of carelessness, joy and pursuing their passion. What is more, personal traits which the young people use to describe themselves differ from the ones characteristic for the above-mentioned modern personality. Such a result would indicate that the youth is not aware very well of the importance of the period they are in from the perspective of their future. Such a situation does not bode well for planning the effective life strategies.
PL
Autor artykułu skoncentrował się na próbie uzyskania poprzez badania ankietowe odpowiedzi na pytania: jak młodzież definiuje okres młodości? Czy jest ona świadoma wymogów współczesności? Jakimi cechami młodzi ludzie opisują siebie? Czy cechy te odpowiadają cechom preferowanym w nowoczesnym społeczeństwie? Badaniu poddani zostali studenci różnorodnych kierunków Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego (w tym m.in. socjologii, pracy socjalnej, kulturoznawstwa, politologii, ekonomii) oraz Państwowej Wyższej Szkoły Wschodnioeuropejskiej w Przemyślu (w tym: socjologii, politologii). Badania zrealizowano w semestrze letnim w roku akademickim 2012/13. Wbrew obiektywnym oczekiwaniom młodzież okres młodości widzi raczej jako czas beztroski, zabawy i realizacji własnych pasji. Także cechy osobowościowe, którymi młodzi ludzie opisują siebie odbiegają od tych, jakie są charakterystyczne dla wspominanej wyżej osobowości nowoczesnej. Taki rezultat badań wskazywałby na to, że młodzież nie zdaje sobie do końca sprawy z tego w jak ważnym okresie się znajduje z punktu widzenia swojej przyszłości. Taka sytuacja nie rokowałaby dobrze dla planowania efektywnych strategii życiowych.
PL
Zawarte w prezentowanym tekście rozważania skłaniają do refleksji nad kondycją współczesnej młodzieży, która jako grupa oscylująca pomiędzy dzieciństwem a dorosłością jest najbardziej podatna na wpływy otaczającej rzeczywistości. Uwikłanie w tej zmiennej rzeczywistości oraz w procesy globalizacji i chaos wartości postmodernizmu czyni życie młodych ludzi bardzo trudnym i skomplikowanym. Młodzież szkolna i akademicka jest pod nadzwyczaj dużym oddziaływaniem szybko przeobrażającej się rzeczywistości, co nie pozostaje bez wpływu na sposób jej funkcjonowania w podstawowych środowiskach życia i rozwoju człowieka. Młodzi ludzie narażeni są dziś na wiele nieznanych dotąd zagrożeń i niebezpieczeństw.
EN
The considerations included in the presented text encourage reflection on the condition of contemporary youth, which as a group oscillating between childhood and adulthood is the most susceptible to the influence of the surrounding reality. The entanglement into this changing reality and into the processes of globalization and the chaos of the postmodern values, makes the lives of young people extremely difficult and complicated. School and academic youth remain extremely influenced by increasingly changing reality, which leaves a negative impact on functioning in basic environment of human life and development. Young people are nowadays exposed to many unknown threats and dangers.
PL
Temat artykułu nawiązuje do kondycji współczesnego społeczeństwa jako czynnika kształtującego naszą architektoniczną rzeczywistość. Przedmiotem rozważań jest ponowoczesne społeczeństwo krajów wysokorozwiniętych XXI w. w ujęciu Zygmunta Baumana, nacechowane indywidualizmem, samotnością, życiem w ciągłym ruchu i konsumpcjonizmem, uznające krótkoterminowość za bezpieczną formę zawierania wszelakich „umów”, oraz współczesna architektura tymczasowa jako odpowiedź na tego rodzaju społeczne potrzeby. W niniejszym artykule, na podstawie studium wybranych przypadków, przedstawiona została propozycja typologii współczesnej architektury tymczasowej. Propozycja ta wraz z analizą różnorodnych relacji między tym zjawiskiem a potrzebami społeczeństwa ponowoczesnego prowadzi do próby wyodrębnienia ponowoczesnej architektury tymczasowej.
EN
The subject of the article refers to the condition of contemporary society as a factor shaping our architectural reality. The subject of the considerations is the postmodern society of the highly developed countries of the 21st century, as perceived by Zygmunt Bauman, characterized by individualism, loneliness, life in constant movement and consumerism, recognizing short-termism as a safe form of concluding all kinds of "contracts", and contemporary temporary architecture as a response to this kind of social need. This article, based on a study of selected cases, presents the proposed typology of contemporary temporary architecture, which, together with the analysis of various relations between this phenomenon and the needs of a postmodern society, leads to an attempt to distinguish postmodern temporary architecture.
PL
Autor omawia rolę pedagogiki społecznej we współczesnym społeczeństwie. Społeczeństwo owe charakteryzuje się dwoma głównymi cechami: indywidalizmem i dynamiką. Autor opisuje wpływ zmian społecznych na jednostki. Poszukuje On możliwości dla pedagogiki społecznej w minimalizowaniu negatywnego, dla części populacji, wpływu, zapobieganiu jego skutkom oraz możliwości kompensacji.
EN
The author deals with the role of social pedagogy in contemporary society. Society is characterized by two main features: individualism and dynamism. The author describes the impact of social changes on humans. He seeks opportunities for social pedagogy to minimize, prevent and compensate this impact on the affected part of the population.
PL
Autorka, wykorzystując koncepcję stanów Ja, dokonuje analizy warunków kształtowania się stanu Dorosłego we współczesnym społeczeństwie. Szczególną uwagę zwraca na charakterystyczne cechy kultury masowej i mediów, kontekst polityczny, środowisko rodzinne, a przede wszystkim na system edukacji. Wnioski skłaniają do konstatacji o deficycie stanu Dorosłego w różnych obszarach rzeczywistości i do refleksji nad konsekwencjami takiego stanu rzeczy zarówno dla rozwoju jednostek, jak i kondycji społeczeństwa.
EN
The author, making use of the concept of Ego states, analyses the conditions for forming the Adult state in the contemporary society. She pays special attention to characteristic features of mass culture and media, political and family context, and, above all, to education system. The conclusions she draws confirm the deficit of the Adult state in various spheres of reality and make us reflect on the impact of such a situation both on the development of individuals and on the condition of the society.
19
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EN
Łódź is often called “the capital of Polish film”. The cultural history of this town from the end of World War Two to the present day is closely connected with the movie industry. Marek Hendrykowski’s study on Łódź as a cinematic city offers the first comprehensive critical guide to the many films, interviews, published writings and individual memoirs of the Film School’s students and professors. This panoramic view presents the process of the historical transformation of cinematic images from Łódź between 1945 and 2013, as well as the profound influence this town had on many filmmakers. It serves as a reference work that will allow readers to navigate the subject’s wide range of examples: from Antoni Bohdziewicz, Jerzy Bossak, Kazimierz Kutz and Andrzej Wajda to Krzysztof Kieślowski, Wojciech Wiszniewski, Janusz Kijowski and Polish filmmakers of new generation.
PL
Cinematic City Łódź through eyes of the Film School. Students and Professors Łódź is often called “the capital of Polish film”. The cultural history of this town from the end of World War Two to the present day is closely connected with the movie industry. Marek Hendrykowski’s study on Łódź as a cinematic city offers the first comprehensive critical guide to the many films, interviews, published writings and individual memoirs of the Film School’s students and professors. This panoramic view presents the process of the historical transformation of cinematic images from Łódź between 1945 and 2013, as well as the profound influence this town had on many filmmakers. It serves as a reference work that will allow readers to navigate the subject’s wide range of examples: from Antoni Bohdziewicz, Jerzy Bossak, Kazimierz Kutz and Andrzej Wajda to Krzysztof Kieślowski, Wojciech Wiszniewski, Janusz Kijowski and Polish filmmakers of new generation.
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