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Review of Mariusz Czubaja's book "Etnolog w Mieście Grzechu. Powieść kryminalna jako świadectwo antropologiczne", Gdańsk 2012, ss. 359.
EN
This study explores the theme of intertextuality and adaptation between literature and film on the basis of Sherlock Holmes, the 19th/20th-century character conceived by Arthur Conan Doyle. It shows how the character has been adapted from literature into the cinematic domain on the basis of three modern TV series, including Dr. House (Heel & Toe Films/Fox, 2004), Sherlock (Hartswood Films/BBC, 2010), and Elementary (Hill of Beans/CBS, 2012). Sherlock Holmes, who first appeared in 1887, was originally featured in four novels and 56 short stories. However, since that time Holmes has been adapted for over 240 movies exploiting enormous popularity of this character in a variety of settings. The paper analyzes prototypical, basic features of Sherlock Holmes underlying its intertextual adaptability. As discussed in this study, there are four prototypical features of Sherlock Holmes, i.e. (1) outstanding powers of perception combined with intellect; (2) unconventionality in social behaviour; (3) helpful partner; and (4) ability to use scientific achievements. The paper demonstrates that Sherlock Holmes conceptualized in such a basic manner can act as successfully in modern cinematic productions as it did in late 19th-century literature.
EN
The standard criteria of literary evaluation disappeared after 1989 in Poland. The literary genre hierarchy in literature has also become invalid. An important message can be conveyed in any genre, at the author’s discretion. The genres which were usually unprivileged in the literary tradition have gained importance. The author of the article analyses the phenomenon of detective story authors adopting the features of the classical novel. The authors present the social background and important features of contemporary Polish social life, e.g. the break-up of relationships, threats to the family, which is often a source of violence and the consumerist, materialist lifestyle of characters who have forgotten moral values. These stories involve problems related to the role of women in public and private life as well as the fashions and challenges facing contemporary Poles (styles of clothing, home decoration and spending free time). Such plots, which are typical of a classical novel, document post-modern reality in Polish detective stories.
EN
This study explores the theme of intertextuality and adaptation between literature and film on the basis of Sherlock Holmes, the 19th/20th-century character conceived by Arthur Conan Doyle. It shows how the character has been adapted from literature into the cinematic domain on the basis of three modern TV series, including Dr. House (Heel & Toe Films/Fox, 2004), Sherlock (Hartswood Films/BBC, 2010), and Elementary (Hill of Beans/CBS, 2012). Sherlock Holmes, who first appeared in 1887, was originally featured in four novels and 56 short stories. However, since that time Holmes has been adapted for over 240 movies exploiting enormous popularity of this character in a variety of settings. The paper analyzes prototypical, basic features of Sherlock Holmes underlying its intertextual adaptability. As discussed in this study, there are four prototypical features of Sherlock Holmes, i.e. (1) outstanding powers of perception combined with intellect; (2) unconventionality in social behaviour; (3) helpful partner; and (4) ability to use scientific achievements. The paper demonstrates that Sherlock Holmes conceptualized in such a basic manner can act as successfully in modern cinematic productions as it did in late 19th-century literature.
EN
The paper discusses a piece by one of the most outstanding Danish short story writers of the 19th century, structured around the convential elements of detective stories. Relying on Jean Baudrillard’s simulacra theory, it attempts to demonstrate the process of how the intriguer Morten Bruus, by a successful use of make-believe, manages to incriminate a pastor, Søren Qvist, in a murder although he is innocent. Bruus’s manipulative strategy prevails in the end: he succeeds at deceiving both his environment and the judge presiding in the case, and the accused is executed. The truth is revealed only twenty years later when Niels Bruus, long thought to be dead, returns. Drawing on Derrida’s legal philosophy, the analysis seeks to expose the problematic nature of justice on earth, and it shows by revisiting certain ideas of Kierkegaard that even in the shadow of death, steadfast faith in divine justice can get us over our fears and the eternal uncertainty deriving from the essence of human existence.
EN
This paper proposes a reinterpretation of plot parallelisms between El collar de la Núria (1927), by C. A. Jordana, and Crim (1936), by Mercè Rodoreda. The comparative analysis aims to show how Crim, in addition to working as a parody of the principles of the detective story, can be read as a parody of an earlier parody of the same genre – that is, the text by Jordana. This rewriting exercise strengthens the hypertextual link between these two novels and results in what we may call, following the terminology by Gérard Genette, a hyperparody.
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EN
Today the detective novel has freed itself for good from being considered as marginal literature. It is now built around three sub genres: The whodunit novel, the gritty thriller, and the suspense novel whose frontiers have progressively become more and more blurred as the authors juggle with the rules of each subgenre, melting them in a literary genre they now refuse to dissociate from the main novelistic production. The Portuguese‑speaking detective stories have followed the same evolution. We have chosen to comment upon three Portuguese speaking novels: One by Pepeleta from Angola, the second by Rubem Fonseca from Brazil and the third by Ana Teresa Pereira from Portugal, each one of them representing one of the subgenres of detective literature, so as to find out if they have common specificities peculiar to the Portuguese speaking detective stories.
EN
From old-time to modern Poznań in detective storiesThe article discusses the image of Poznań in detective fiction written after 1989. The criminal stories were selected in such a way that their action takes place in different times, the purpose of the paper is to show how the choice of names affects the understanding of the novel’s content and compare the names used by the author with the real urban nomenclature with that of Poznan, both presently and in the period in which the piece is set. The main question posed is whether the time of action influences the selection of proper names and how the proper names were chosen for novels in which action takes place in earlier periods: whether the author uses historical urbanonyms, present ones or adopts a different strategy altogether. The article aims to show how the picture of Poznań is created in detective stories and how much it corresponds to reality. Od dawnego do współczesnego Poznania w kryminaleArtykuł pokazuje obraz Poznania w kryminałach napisanych po roku 1989. Kryminały zostały wybrane w taki sposób, aby ich akcja rozgrywała się w różnych czasach. Celem pracy jest pokazanie, jak dobór nazw własnych wpływa na zrozumienie treści dzieła oraz porównanie nazw z ówczesnym i współczesnym nazewnictwem miejskim Poznania. Główne pytanie stawiane w pracy dotyczy tego, czy czas akcji wpływa na dobór onimów oraz jak wygląda dobór onimów w kryminałach z akcją osadzoną we wcześniejszych latach. Czy autor odzwierciedla w powieści funkcjonujące wówczas realnie urbanonimy, opiera się na stanie współczesnym, czy obiera jeszcze inną strategię? Artykuł ma pokazać, jak kształtuje się przestrzeń Poznania w kryminale i czy historycznie oraz współcześnie odpowiada stanowi faktycznemu.
PL
Celem artykułu jest pokazanie przestrzeni Poznania we współczesnym kryminale ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem warstwy onimicznej (urbanonimów oraz antroponimów) oraz tego, jak nazwy wpływają na obraz miasta i jego mieszkańców wyłaniający się z kart powieści. W artykule analizie poddano pięć kryminałów czworga różnych autorów. Kryminalny Poznań przypomina rzeczywiste miasto, ale nie jest jego odwzorowaniem, a zastosowane nazwy zazwyczaj spełniają inne funkcje niż tylko lokalizacja w przestrzeni. Autorzy przedstawiają miasto jako przestrzeń tętniącą życiem, będącą czasami niezależnym bohaterem (jak u Ryszarda Ćwirleja), a czasami przede wszystkim tłem wydarzeń (w powieściach pozostałych autorów). Literacki Poznań wyróżnia także szereg nazw charakterystycznych, powtarzających się w powieściach, które wyróżniają miasto na tle innych metropolii.
EN
The aim of the article is to present Poznań's space in contemporary crime, with particular emphasis on the literary onomastics (urbanonyms and proper names) and show how names can influence the image of the city and its inhabitants. I have analyzed five detective stories which were written by four different authors. Literary city and the real one bear a lot of resemblance, but they are not the same. Urbanonyms and proper names used in novels usually perform different functions than just the location in space. The authors portray the city as a bustling, sometimes city is as important as the literary heroes (in Ryszard Ćwirlej's books), and sometimes it is just the background of the events (in the novels written by other authors). Literary Poznań also distinguishes a number of characteristic names, repeated in novels, which distinguish the city against the others.
EN
The article is an attempt at presenting Joanna Bator’s novel Ciemno, prawie noc as a book belonging to engaged literature and using the popular convention to criticise society. The first part contains examples and theoretical considerations about the changes in the convention of the horror novel, which consists of a gothic novel with various genres such as horror, thriller and detective story. The matter of their social dimension was touched on, for instance, with reference to Noël Caroll’s theory, Scandinavian detective story or the books by Alice Munro. The second part of article is composed of the review of conventional implements used by Bator that are typical of gothic novel, detective story, horror and fairytale. The use of specific implements, their accumulation and the disturbance of the convention are interpreted as a way of getting the readers to loose the well-known schema and drawing their attention to the relevant social problems. The convention of popular literature in Ciemno, prawie noc is designed for something more than only entertainment.
PL
Artykuł stanowi próbę przedstawienia powieści Joanny Bator Ciemno, prawie noc jako utworu należącego do literatury zaangażowanej i wykorzystującego popularną konwencję w celu dokonania krytyki społeczeństwa. W części pierwszej znajdują się głównie poparte przykładami teoretyczne rozważania na temat przeobrażeń konwencji powieści grozy. Zalicza się do niej powieść gotycką z jej dalszymi odmianami gatunkowymi, takimi jak horror, thriller i kryminał. Kwestia ich potencjalnego wymiaru społecznego zostaje poruszona w nawiązaniu między innymi do teorii Noëla Carolla, kryminałów skandynawskich czy utworów Alice Munro. Na część drugą tekstu składa się przegląd wykorzystanych przez Bator konwencjonalnych narzędzi przynależnych do powieści gotyckiej, kryminału, horroru i baśni. Użycie określonego instrumentarium, jego nagromadzenie i zaburzenie konwencji jest zinterpretowane jako sposób na wytrącenie odbiorcy ze znanego schematu i zwrócenie jego uwagi na istotne problemy społeczne. Konwencja literatury popularnej służy w Ciemno, prawie noc czemuś więcej niż tylko rozrywce.
PL
Literatura piękna może być wartościowym źródłem informacji o zadaniach i metodach pracy służb specjalnych. Dotyczy to przede wszystkim powieści szpiegowskich, ale nie tylko – również powieści kryminalnych, sensacyjnych i political fiction. Niektórzy z autorów dysponują fachową wiedzą o służbach specjalnych także dlatego, że w tych służbach wcześniej pracowali. Na stronach powieści można znaleźć informacje zarówno o strukturach organizacyjnych służb, o ich zadaniach, jak i o systemach motywacyjnych, metodach rekturacji i powodach, dla których werbowani zgadzają się na przejście procedury rektutacyjnej lub współpracę agenturalną. Znaleźć w nich też można bardzo konkretne przykłady zastosowania środków techniki operacyjnej: łączności, obserwacji, zabezpieczenia obiektów czy nawet tak zaawansowanych działań, jak tajne przeszukanie.
EN
Fiction can be a valuable source of information on tasks and working methods of secret services. It concerns mainly spy novels, but not only – also detective novels, thrillers and political fiction. Some of authors have expertise about special services, because they worked previously in such institutions. In such novels, one can find information on the organizational structures of secret services, their actions and motivation systems, recruitment methods and reasons for which recruited people agree to work as secret agents. Very specific examples of operational measures can be found in them, such as: operational communication means, surveillance techniques, building protection or even such complicated operational method as a secret search.
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Karel Čapek versus Agatha Christie: k poetice midcultu

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This essay focuses on the issue of semantic and expressive specificity that is midlevel in the vertical model of literature (known as Midcult). It explores this issue through a comparative analysis of two short stories on the same theme. This essay focuses on two particular aspects: thematic construction (one thematic line versus multiple thematic lines) and the nature of the narrative (objective versus subjectivized narrative). The essay thus sees Povídky z jedné kapsy (translated by Norma Comrada as Stories from One Pocket) as a typical product of the middle literary level, which it considers an essential part of any developed literary culture with the important function of cultivating and mediating for the reader.
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