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The relationship between fluid intelligence and learning potential: Is there an interaction with attentional control?

100%
Filičková M., Ropovik I., Bobaková M., Kovalčíková I.
Journal of Pedagogy
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2015
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vol. 6
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issue 1
25-41
EN
The main aim of the study was to explore the relationship between fluid intelligence (gf), attentional control (AC), and learning potential (LP), and to investigate the interaction effect between gf and AC on LP. The sample comprised 210 children attending the fourth grade of a standard elementary school. It was hypothesized that the extent of the association between gf and LP depends on the level of attentional control, so that a low level of AC would weaken or possibly break that link, while a high level of AC would facilitate the employment of fluid general ability in learning situations. The results show that there was a moderate relationship between the measures of gf and LP, while gf was not found to be related to AC. Regarding the hypothesized interaction effect, the data suggested that the relationship between learning potential and fluid intelligence is invariant regarding the level of attentional control in the sample. Possible reasons for the lack of a moderation effect are discussed.
2
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No Spearman’s Law of Diminishing Returns for the working memory and intelligence relationship

100%
Kroczek B., Ociepka M., Chuderski A.
Polish Psychological Bulletin
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2016
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vol. 47
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issue 1
73-80
EN
Spearman’s Law of Diminishing Returns (SLODR) holds that correlation between general (g)/fluid (Gf) intelligence factor and other cognitive abilities weakens with increasing ability level. Thus, cognitive processing in low ability people is most strongly saturated by g/Gf, whereas processing in high ability people depends less on g/Gf. Numerous studies demonstrated that low g is more strongly correlated with crystallized intelligence/creativity/processing speed than is high g, however no study tested an analogous effect in the case of working memory (WM). Our aim was to investigate SLODR for the relationship between Gf and WM capacity, using a large data set from our own previous studies. We tested alternative regression models separately for three types of WM tasks that tapped short-term memory storage, attention control, and relational integration, respectively. No significant SLODR effect was found for any of these tasks. Each task shared with Gf virtually the same amount of variance in the case of low- and high-ability people. This result suggests that Gf and WM rely on one and the same (neuro)cognitive mechanism.
3
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Intelligence and creativity of adolescents in the context of their parents’ educational attitudes

75%
Bakiera L. T., Sagan-Paprocka A.
Psychologia Wychowawcza
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2019
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vol. 57(15)
63-78
EN
The thesis focuses on perceived educational attitudes of adolescents’ parents in relation to the development of the intellectual and creative potential of adolescents. Basic theories used to analyse this subject were: the parental attitudes typology by Anna Roe and Marvin Siegelman, the theory of fluid intelligence by Charles Spearman, and the theory of creativity by Stanisław Popek. The study has been conducted among pupils of a grammar school who were of legal age and come from villages or small towns. The following tests were used: the Parent-Child Relations Questionnaire (PCR), both “My mother” and “My father” versions, Raven's Progressive Matrices and KANH Questionnaire. The results indicate a correlation between protective and liberal attitudes of parents as perceived by the adolescents and their creativity and intelligence.
4
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All employees need job resources – Testing the Job Demands–Resources Theory among employees with either high or low working memory and fluid intelligence

75%
Kulikowski K., Orzechowski J.
Medycyna Pracy
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2018
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vol. 69
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issue 5
483-496
EN
Background The Job Demands–Resources Theory (JD-R) is one of the most influential theoretical frameworks for explaining work engagement. The JD-R postulates the existence of a health impairment process in which job demands lead to strain, and of a motivational process in which job resources lead to work engagement. Although cognitive functions are among the most important characteristics of employees related to job, still little is known about its moderating role in JD-R processes; hence in this study we make a novel attempt to test the invariance of JD-R propositions among employees at different levels of cognitive functioning. Material and Methods A group of 383 multioccupational employees completed a set of questionnaires measuring job resource: co-worker support, supervisor support, performance feedback; job demands: emotional demands, occupational constraints, work-home interferences; Utrecht Work Engagement Scale; Oldenburg Burnout Inventory along with 2 working memory and 3 fluid intelligence tests. Results The multigroup invariance analysis with latent variables revealed that both the health impairment process and the motivational process as postulated by JD-R are invariant across groups of employees with either high or low levels of fluid intelligence and working memory capacity. Conclusions This result provides the first piece of evidence for JD-R robustness among employees at different levels of cognitive functioning. Our findings counterintuitively suggest that employees with high cognitive functioning are not more resistant to job demands than employees with low cognitive functioning and that in order to be work-engaged they need job resources, no less than their colleagues with low cognitive functioning. Med Pr 2018;69(5):483–496
5
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Yet Another Shade of Deduction. On measuring deductive flexibility and how it may relate to other cognitive abilities

75%
Żyluk N., Michta M., Urbański M.
Logic and Logical Philosophy
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2018
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vol. 27
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issue 4 Special Issue on Logic, Cognition, Argumentation. Guest Editors: Mariusz Urbański, Michiel van Lambalgen and Marcin Koszowy
517-543
EN
The article describes the construction process of Deductive Flexibility Test  considered a difficult deductive reasoning measure – and the research on correlations between fluency in difficult deductive reasoning and other cognitive abilities. The main goal in the research was to examine the relations between Deductive Flexibility Test scores and results of Raven’s Advanced Progressive Matrices – fluid intelligence test. Additionally, the measures of the need for cognitive closure and epistemological understanding were included in the study. The results of the study revealed that Deductive Flexibility Test is a reliable instrument and thus can be used for research purposes. We found low or even no statistically significant correlations between the chosen variables. The directions of further research are discussed.
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