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EN
This contribution is based on two projects, twenty years apart, which are dedicated student activists of 1989. The project Students during the Fall of Communism in Czechoslovakia – Biographical Interviews (1997-1999) was a key to the development of oral history in the Czech Republic. The current follow­up longitudinal project The Student Generation of 1989 in Longitudinal Perspective has an ambition to capture the influence of the formative experience of the revolution of November 1989 on the life stories of the narrators, former student activists of 1989, in their personal, professional, and political dimensions. The longitudinal approach, which was applied for the first time in Czech oral history, is discussed in the paper also from the point of view of psychologists and documentary filmmakers, and a similar project of Czech ethnologists, focusing on the folklore movement in totalitarian Czechoslovakia, is also mentioned. The author describes the problems of the role of an insider in collecting interviews, as well as in conducting the interviews by individual younger interviewers. Special attention is paid to the phenomenon of “longitudinality within longitudinality”, i.e. a period between the realization of the first and the follow­up interviews, during which presidential and parliamentary elections took place, which the narrators reacted mostly negatively to. Changes in their personal lives – if mentioned by the respondents – were not vocalized as strongly as the country’s social situation.
PL
Cel: przekrojowe metody badawcze nie pozwalają na uchwycenie szczególnych cech i unikalnych sposobów działania przedsiębiorstw rodzinnych. Celem prezentowanego badania jest identyfikacja rodzaju tematów i metodologii stosowanych w longitudinalnych badaniach empirycznych nad firmami rodzinnymi. W artykule przeanalizowano tematy i metodologie omawiane w literaturze oraz zalety i wyzwania każdego z podejść metodologicznych. Metodologia: wnioski wyciągnięto na podstawie przeprowadzonego przeglądu literatury obejmującego szczegółową analizę 99 artykułów. W artykule przedstawiono rozkład tematów i stosowaną metodologię oraz oceniono metody ilościowe i jakościowe. Wyniki: w przypadku siedmiu zidentyfikowanych obszarów tematycznych większość opublikowanych badań dotyczyło zarządzania przedsiębiorstwami rodzinnymi, ich działalności, sukcesji i internacjonalizacji. Gros longitudinalnych badań przedsiębiorstw rodzinnych opiera się na metodologiach ilościowych, lecz powiększa się również odsetek badań wykorzystujących jakościowe sposoby podejścia, natomiast stosowanie metod mieszanych jest znikome. Ograniczenia: dane pochodzą z bazy danych Web of Science i prezentowane badanie może odzwierciedlać jej ograniczenia. Dwóch badaczy przeprowadziło proces wyboru artykułów ręcznie i mimo największej staranności możliwe jest, że w analizie pominięto wartościowe artykuły. Ze względu na zastosowane metody selekcji i analizy porównywalność wyników z bardziej wszechstronnymi przeglądami literatury na temat przedsiębiorstw rodzinnych jest ograniczona. Wyniki odnoszą się wyłącznie do artykułów przedstawiających longitudinalne badania empiryczne. Zakres czasowy badania jest wąski, istnieją bardziej wszechstronne i aktualne przeglądy literatury. Oryginalność/wartość: artykuł stanowi wkład w longitudinalne badania przedsiębiorstw rodzinnych.
EN
Purpose: Cross-sectional research methods are not able to grasp the special characteristics and unique operation modes of family businesses. The aim of the study is to map the type of topics examined and methodologies used in longitudinal empirical studies in family business research. The study examines the topics and methodologies covered in the literature and the advantages and challenges of each methodological approach. Design/methodology/approach: We conducted a literature review and drew conclusions based on a detailed analysis of 99 articles. The paper presents the distribution of topics, the applied methodology, and evaluates quantitative and qualitative methods. Findings: Within seven topics identified, most studies were published on family business governance, operation, succession, and the internationalization of family firms. The majority of longitudinal family business research is based on quantitative methodologies, but the proportion of studies using qualitative approaches is also gaining momentum, while the use of mixed-method approaches is negligible. Limitations: We collected the data from the Web of Science database and our study may reflect the limitations of this database. Two of our researchers conducted the article selection process manually and, despite the greatest care, it is possible that valuable articles were left out of the analysis. Due to the applied selection and analysis methods, the comparability of our results with more comprehensive literature reviews on family businesses is limited. The results relate to longitudinal, empirical research papers only. The time span covered by our research is narrow, there are more comprehensive and up-to-date literature reviews available. Originality/value: The study contributes to longitudinal family business research.
EN
This paper focuses on the acquisition of the second language (L2) and the development of syntactic competence in communication. The topic is discusses in relation to syntactic structure of narratives produced by Polish learners of French L2. The author observes in detail how language learners build simple and complex sentences (coordinating/subordinating conjunctions, complex/simple sentences ratio, para- and hypotactic sentence structures) at the three different moment of SLA: 6th, 12th and 35th month of their classroom learning/teaching (developmental and comparative approach).
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