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Sztuka nie-ludzkich aktorów

100%

Lelonek D.

Przestrzenie Teorii

2019

issue 31

135-142

The Center for the Living Things is a research institute founded in 2016 in order to examine, collect and popularise knowledge concerning new non-human forms: plants, lichen, fungi and insects. All exhibits gathered in the Institute’s collection are abandoned objects, used commodities and those no longer needed – the debris of human overproduction, which has become the natural environment for many living organisms. Specimens were found in an illegal waste dumping site, where man-derived objects and plant tissues mix. These hybrids of plants and artificial objects are difficult to classify, as they are simultaneously animate and inanimate. Exhibits collected in the Center for the Living Things cannot be classified conventionally. Recently, waste has taken over behaviours from living matter. In the process of overproduction, the incessant need to constantly update the goods we possess is the reason why most of these unnecessary products seem to be out of our control. The Center for the Living Things aims to describe mechanisms appearing in the sphere of rejection and uselessness. In this sphere, products are no longer tools used by people. Products participate in almost every process that occurs in the biosphere, hence we cannot definitively separate economic or social processes from so-called natural processes. The Center aims to draw attention to these processes, seek connections and possible alternatives. Specimens are stored and cultivated in an ever-expanding collection at Poznań’s Botanical Gardens. This institution also organises also houses temporary exhibitions, presentations and workshops. Work is underway on an edition of the ‚Atlas of Waste-plants’ to appear at the end of 2019. More information and a digital version of the Institute’s collection can be found at: www.centerforlivingthings.com.

Biomonitoring of Heavy Metal Air Pollution in Warsaw Using Two Moss Species Pleurozium schreberi and Sphagnum palustre

96%

Ilieva-Makulec K., Plichta P. D., Sierakowski M.

Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae

2021

vol. 19

issue 4

111-124

Celem przeprowadzonych badań była ocena zanieczyszczenia powietrza metalami ciężkimi w Warszawie na podstawie przyrostów stężeń wybranych pierwiastków w tkankach mchów. Zastosowano metodę biomonitoringu aktywnego (moss-bag technique) wykorzystując dwa gatunki mchów Pleurozium schreberi (rokietnik pospolity) oraz Sphagnum palustre (torfowiec błotny). Próbki mchów pobrano w Kampinoskim Parku Narodowym, a przygotowane z nich pakieciki wyeksponowano na siedmiu stanowiskach na terenie Warszawy. Analizę metali zakumulowanych w mchach wykonano dwukrotnie w 2020 roku, po dwóch (sierpień-wrzesień) i czterech miesiącach (sierpień-listopad) ekspozycji. Zawartość metali ciężkich (Cr, Cu, Pb, Ni, Fe, Cd and Zn) w mchach oznaczono stosując technikę atomowej spektrometrii emisyjnej ze wzbudzeniem w plazmie indukowanej (ICP OES). Stwierdzono wyraźną zależność kumulacji metali ciężkich w mchach od lokalizacji stanowiska oraz terminu ekspozycji. Oba gatunki mchów kumulowały najwięcej metali w pobliżu emitorów zanieczyszczeń takich jak: huta ArcelorMittal Warszawa, drogi wylotowe lub drogi w mieście o dużym natężeniu ruchu, stacje paliw czy prace budowlane. Po 4 miesiącach ekspozycji, u obu gatunków mchów, największe przyrosty stężeń stwierdzono dla czterech pierwiastków: Cr, Pb, Ni i Cd. Wyższe koncentracje niektórych metali ciężkich w mchach w 2020 roku, w porównaniu z wcześniejszymi badaniami, wskazują na negatywny wpływ postępującej urbanizacji na zanieczyszczenie powietrza w Warszawie.

The aim of the study was to assess air pollution with heavy metals in Warsaw, on the basis of the concentrations of selected elements in moss samples. The active biomonitoring method (moss-bag technique) was applied using two moss species Pleurozium schreberi and Sphagnum palustre. Moss samples were collected in the Kampinos National Park, and the prepared moss bags were distributed and exposed on seven sites in Warsaw. The analysis of metals accumulated in mosses was performed twice in 2020, after two (August-September) and four months (August-November) of exposure. The concentrations of seven heavy metals (Cr, Cu, Pb, Ni, Fe, Cd and Zn) in the mosses were determined, using an Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometer (ICP OES). Our results showed a clear dependence of heavy metal accumulation in the mosses on the location of the exposition site and the exposure period. Both species of mosses were found to accumulate the most metals in the vicinity of pollutant emitters, such as the ArcelorMittal Warsaw smelter, exit roads or roads in the city with heavy traffic, petrol stations, or construction works. After 4 months of exposure, in both moss species, the highest increases in the concentrations were found for four elements: Cr, Pb, Ni and Cd. Higher concentrations of some heavy metals in the mosses in 2020, as compared to previous studies, indicate a negative influence of progressing urbanisation on air pollution in Warsaw.

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1 Przestrzenie Teorii

1 Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae

1 Ilieva-Makulec K.

1 Lelonek D.

1 Plichta P. D.

1 Sierakowski M.

1 2022

1 2019

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Biomonitoring of Heavy Metal Air Pollution in Warsaw Using Two Moss Species Pleurozium schreberi and Sphagnum palustre