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The article reveals the essence, structure and characteristics of communicative activity of the personality by using the methods of the analysis, synthesis, generalization of scientific literature and ranking method. Definitions of communicative activity (communication) are the activity forms between people like equal partners. Process of communicative activity can be at the same way: 1) process of relationship of people; 2) informative process; 3) attitude of people to each other; 4) process of mutual influence of people to each other; 5) process of mutual understanding and experiences. Structural components of communicative activity include: 1) communication subject (the partner in communication as the subject of communication); 2) necessity of communication (aspiration of the person to cognize and assessment of other people); 3) communicative motives (something for which there is a communication); 4) communication actions (units of communicative activity, the complete act which is addressed to another person); 5) problems of communication (the purpose to which communicative actions are directed), 6) ways of communication (operations which provide communication process); 7) communication product (formation of the material and spiritual product). It is specified that dialogue is the unit of a communicative activity. Communicative activity consists of the statement and hearing. The attention is focused on the fact that communication as ability is the difficult system and integrative phenomenon. Communication is a system of various abilities. Abilities to communicate are conditionally divided into groups: 1) language abilities (mastering language activity and language means of communication); 2) social and psychological abilities (mastering processes of an interconnection, mutual understanding, and mutual influence); 3) psychological abilities (mastering processes of self-control and self-mobilization); 4) abilities to use norms of language etiquette; 5) abilities to use norms of nonverbal communication. It is noticed that in a communicative activity creativity of the personality and human use of non-verbal communication plays an important role. An example of creating trust of subconscious is adjusted to a pose and breath. At the end of the article, conclusions are drawn; it outlines the prospects for further scientific researches on the problem.
EN
Non-Verbal Means of Communication in the Representation of the Emotional State of Joy in Modern English Fictional DiscourseThis article concerns the study of the non-verbal means of communication designating the emotional state of joy which are present in fictional discourse. The functional peculiarities of non-verbal means designating the emotional state of joy are specified. It is proved that the register of non-verbal components indicating joy includes facial expressions, gestures, phonation, and the like. The subsystems of kinesic and phonatory non-verbal components are the dominant ones. Fictional discourse including representations of joy contains both verbal and non-verbal means of designating the emotional state, functioning either separately or in interaction. This interaction is based on the concept of emotional valence and is represented in repetition, contradiction, substitution, complementation, emphasis and regulation. In an utterance, non-verbal means can occur in the initial, medial, and final positions. The most common models of the occurrence of non-verbal components denoting joy in utterances are revealed. Niewerbalne środki komunikacji w przedstawieniu emocjonalnego stanu radości we współczesnym angielskim dyskursie fikcyjnymArtykuł dotyczy badań niewerbalnych środków komunikacji na oznaczenie emocjonalnego stanu radości, które są obecne w dyskursie nienaukowym. Określono osobliwości funkcjonalne środków niewerbalnych, oznaczających stan emocjonalny radości. Udowodniono, że rejestr niewerbalnych elementów wskazujących na radość obejmuje mimikę, gesty, fonację i tym podobne. Podsystemy kinestetyczne i fonatory są w pozycji dominującej. Dyskurs fikcyjny, w tym reprezentacje radości zawierają zarówno werbalne, jak i niewerbalne środki na określenie stanu emocjonalnego, funkcjonującego oddzielnie lub w interakcji. Ta interakcja opiera się na koncepcji wartościowości emocjonalnej i jest reprezentowana przez powtórzenie, zaprzeczenie, zastąpienie, uzupełnienie, uwydatnienie i regulację. W wypowiedzi niewerbalne środki mogą występować w pozycjach początkowych, środkowych i końcowych.  Są ujawniane najbardziej powszechne modele występowania elementów niewerbalnych oznaczających radość w wypowiedziach.
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