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Reprezentacje leksykalne pojęć CHRZEST, CHRZEST JANOWY oraz CHRZEST PAŃSKI w średniowieczu. Analiza onomazjologiczna

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Sieradzka-Baziur B.
Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis. Studia Linguistica
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2021
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issue 16
185-198
EN
In the article, the subject of description included continuous and discontinuous autosemantic lexical units used in the medieval language (until the end of the 15th century) to denote two different religious rites described in the New Testament and the rite of Christian initiation in the New Testament and in the Middle Ages in Poland. They are a lexical representation of the concepts of BAPTISM. JOHN’S BAPTISM. LORD’S BAPTISM in the Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego online [Conceptual Old Polish Dictionary online].
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Semantyka średniowiecznych wyrazów reprezentujących pojęcie MILCZENIE w świetle danych ze Słownika pojęciowego języka staropolskiego

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Sieradzka-Baziur B.
Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis. Studia Linguistica
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2023
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issue 18
299-311
EN
In the article, the subject of description included continuous and discontinuous auto‑semantic lexical units used in the medieval language (until the end of the 15th century) which are a lexical representation of the concept of SILENCE in the Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish online] based on Słownik staropolski [Old Polish Dictionary]. The result of semantic works on the vocabulary gathered within the concept of SILENCE is the categorization on this lexis within semantic field and descrption of its components. The semantic field created on the basis of the analyzed lexical units consists of five complementary zones: no speech; lack of speech and related sounds; permanent or temporary loss of the ability to speak or express oneself; inexpressibility; tabooing.
3
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Reprezentacje leksykalne pojęcia MSZA ŚWIĘTA w średniowieczu. Analiza onomazjologiczna

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Sieradzka-Baziur B.
Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis. Studia Linguistica
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2022
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issue 17
222-234
EN
In the article, the subject of description included continuous and discontinuous auto-semantic lexical units used in the medieval language (until the end of the 15th century) which are a lexical representation of the concepts of Holy Mass in the Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego online [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish online]. The result of onomasiological works on the vocabulary gathered within the concept of HOLY MASS in the Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish online] is the categorization of this lexis within subordinate concepts. They include lexical units referring to the name of the service, the maner of its celebration, sermon, sacrifice, rite of peace, holy communion, final blessing, and items related to the holy mass.
4
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O idiomatickém charakteru pojmenování v mutační kategorii

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Kos P.
Časopis pro moderní filologii (Journal for Modern Philology)
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2018
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vol. 100
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issue 1
9-23
XX
In Dokulil (1978, 1986), the idiomaticity of a naming unit is understood as a discrepancy between the structural and lexical meanings of newly coined words. This discrepancy is viewed as a characteristic feature of new naming units formed within the mutational onomasiological category. The paper aims to describe the nature of this discrepancy using an onomasiological model primarily based on Štekauer (1998) and Grzega (2007) with its origins in Dokulil’s theory. The model comprises three main levels, namely perceptual, onomasiological, and onomatological, and at all three levels there are aspects that contribute to the idiomaticity of the resulting naming unit. At the perceptual level it is the metonymical character of the salient features; at the onomasiological level it is mainly the extent to which individual features find lexical expression, and at the onomatological level it is predominantly the incorporation of metaphor and metonymy.
5
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Onomaziologické přístupy ke slovotvorbě

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Kos P., Kozubíková Šandová J.
Časopis pro moderní filologii (Journal for Modern Philology)
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2020
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vol. 102
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issue 1
7-23
EN
The paper aims to offer a description of major onomasiological theories of word-formation. It mainly focuses on the purely synchronic approaches of Dokulil (1962) and Štekauer (1998). A comparative analysis shows that although these approaches are perceived as part of the same onomasiological tradition, they differ in a number of major aspects and should thus be seen as fully autonomous theories. In order to provide a full account of the major onomasiological approaches to word-formation, the paper also describes the most important aspects of those that are on the borderline between word-formation, diachronic onomasiology, and lexicology, those by Blank (1997) and Koch (2001). In the conclusion of the paper, we suggest possible directions which further research in onomasiology may take.
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Words For Women's Boots in Present-Day Polish: A Quantitative and Contrastive Onomasiological Study

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Wilson A.
Research in Language
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2007
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vol. 5
221-234
EN
Footwear terminology demonstrates interesting cross-linguistic differences and is, consequently, also a problematic area for non-native speakers. In order to arrive at a more accurate picture of a subset of footwear terminology in present-day Polish, 82 native speakers were asked to name a range of six contemporary women's boot styles. No style showed a complete agreement in the preferred head noun, although a clear trend was evident for each one, with kozaki being the most commonly used overall. The possibly uniquely Polish use of a military metaphor for tall riding-style boots (oficerki) and the special subcultural case of Dr. Martens-style boots are discussed in particular. The choice of modifiers within noun phrases for boots is also examined. Some contrastive data are presented from speakers of Greek and Russian.
7
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Words for Women’s Boots in Present-Day Polish: a Quantitative and Contrastive Onomasiological Study

100%
Wilson A.
Research in Language
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2007
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vol. 5
221-234
EN
Footwear terminology demonstrates interesting cross-linguistic differences and is, consequently, also a problematic area for non-native speakers. In order to arrive at a more accurate picture of a subset of footwear terminology in present-day Polish, 82 native speakers were asked to name a range of six contemporary women’s boot styles. No style showed a complete agreement in the preferred head noun, although a clear trend was evident for each one, with kozaki being the most commonly used overall. The possibly uniquely Polish use of a military metaphor for tall riding-style boots (oficerki) and the special subcultural case of Dr. Martens-style boots are discussed in particular. The choice of modifiers within noun phrases for boots is also examined. Some contrastive data are presented from speakers of Greek and Russian.
8
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Валентина Кульпина, Очерки по ономастическому переводу и лингводидактике. Warszawa: BEL Studio, 2013; 160 ss.

100%
Kiklewicz A.
Studia z Filologii Polskiej i Słowiańskiej
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2014
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vol. 49
302-305
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Валентина Кульпина, Очерки по ономастическому переводу и лингводидактике. Warszawa: BEL Studio, 2013; 160 ss.

100%
Kiklewicz A.
Studia z Filologii Polskiej i Słowiańskiej
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2014
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vol. 49
10
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Morfologická forma a její význam

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Hrdlička M.
Bohemistyka
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2019
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issue 4
475-483
EN
When language units are analysed the relation between the form and meaning is investigated. Looking at quality of the relation, linguists study if, and possibly also how, the semantic component is reflected in the formal realization. The relation between the form and meaning is arbitrary and conventional. Focusing on the quantitative aspect of relation between form and meaning, the ratio of a form to the number of its meanings is studied. One form may have several meanings. Some forms have the same or similar meaning, however they usually differ in frequency of use, style or there is a subtle semantic variation. There are two approaches: semasiological (which is predominant in description of Czech for foreigners) and onomasiological which offers new possibilities for the description of Czech grammar system.
CS
Při rozboru jazykových jednotek se sleduje vztah mezi formou a mezi obsahem. Pokud jde o kvalitu daného vztahu, lingvisté zkoumají, zda, event. jakým způsobem se významová složka promítá do své formální realizace. Vztah mezi formou a významem je arbitrární a konvenční. Pokud jde o kvantitativní stránku vztahu forma – význam, sleduje se poměr mezi formou a počtem významových jednotek. Určitá forma může vyjadřovat více významů. Některé formy mají stejný nebo podobný význam, často se však liší frekvencí, stylem, významovými nuancemi. Popisuje se rozdíl mezi přístupem sémaziologickým (ten v popisu češtiny pro cizince dominuje) a onomaziologickým, který nabízí nové možnosti popisu mluvnického systému češtiny.
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Poprawność polityczno-kulturowa w słowniku. Pola tematyczne a typy mikrostrukturalnych informacji leksykograficznych

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Biesaga M.
Biuletyn Polskiego Towarzystwa Językoznawczego
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2018
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vol. 74
145-156
PL
W artykule omówiony został problem poprawności polityczno-kulturowej w słowniku. Istotność zagadnienia wzrasta wraz z rozwojem leksykografii internetowej i komputerowej, umożliwiającej łatwe prezentowanie onomazjologicznego porządku haseł, w tym również grup znaczeń potencjalnie wrażliwych kulturowo. Stąd w niniejszym artykule wskazane zostaną te pola tematyczne leksyki, które są w szczególny sposób związane z poprawnością polityczno-kulturową. Następnie omówionych zostanie kilka wybranych przykładów (odnoszących się do różnych elementów mikrostruktury słownika: definicji, cytatów, kolokacji, ilustracji), które pozwolą praktycznie zanalizować ten problem.
EN
The aim of this paper is to address the problem of political and cultural correctness in dictionaries. Its significance increases in parallel to the development of electronic lexicography which facilitates the presentation of the onomasiological ordering of dictionary entries, including meanings that are potentially culturesensitive. The article focuses on those thematic fields that are related to political and cultural correctness. A discussion of selected examples referring to various elements of the dictionary microstructure, such as definitions, citations, collocations, and illustrations, will serve as an illustration of the analysed issues.
12
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K jednomu aspektu evropanství a světovosti češtiny

80%
Hrdlička M.
Studie z aplikované lingvistiky - Studies in Applied Linguistics
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2017
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vol. 8
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issue Zvláštní číslo 2017
9-22
EN
This paper aims to commemorate, on the seven hundredth anniversary of the birth of Emperor Charles IV, significant milestones in the history of Czech language, to point toward the usage of Czech in the present day and to recognize the yet underutilized possibilities of onomasiological description of the spoken system of Czech as it relates to non-native speakers. This work would contribute to more effective teaching of Czech as a foreign language, especially for non-Slavic speakers. This paper is focused on (a) the presentation of significant language rules related to Czech and the role of Czech in communication (reminiscent of the Golden Bull of Charles IV, which established Czech as one of the official languages in the Holy Roman Empire). Next the paper examines (b) types of grammatical description (the synchronic and diachronic approach, as well as comparative, descriptive, prescriptive, or semasiological grammar) with emphasis on both general and specific qualities of pedagogical grammar (reduction and simplification of curriculum, the cyclical nature of grammatical interpretation, efforts toward understandability and learnability, application of curriculum, and pragmatism). Attention is then dedicated to (c) problematic explanations of Czech grammar in textbooks of Czech for foreigners (formalism, disproportionate attention to morphology and syntax, and similar issues). The paper concludes by considering (d) the advantages and possibilities of onomasiological description of the grammatical system of Czech, beginning with what languages have in common (the semantic dimension) and ending with how they differ (formal representation of meaning and the functions of communication). Onomasiology allows for the introduction of competing ways to express grammatical categories (varied frequency, stylistic connotation, among others). This method contributes to the effective interpretation of grammatical categories that do not have a parallel between the source and target languages. In regard to the methodology of this text, the analysis of scientific literature and textbook material is used, and the benefit of the onomasiological approach is hypothesized.
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Sémantické mapy a slovotvorba aneb K polyfunkčnosti deverbativních slovotvorných prostředků ve staré a střední češtině

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Pergler J.
Naše řeč (Our Speech)
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2017
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vol. 100
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issue 3
121-129
EN
The paper examines the multifunctionality of the word-formation suffixes used in the formation of Old and Middle Czech deverbal nouns and the possibility of using semantic maps to analyze this multifunctionality. This methodology is first briefly introduced, then a semantic map of six onomasiological categories used in the word-formation patterns is presented (based on extensive data from Old and Middle Czech dictionaries and lexical databases), showing which combinations of functions are possible in a single suffix and which are not. The map is compared with maps found in the literature and several methodological issues are discussed.
14
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Homo ethnicus v zerkale jazyka: k metodike opisanija

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Berezovič E. L., Gulik D. P.
Etnolingwistyka. Problemy Języka i Kultury
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2002
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vol. 14
47–67
EN
The article is an attempt to reconstruct images of alien ethnic groups on the basis of cultural connotations of ethnonyms. The analysis leads to a reconstruction of an „onomasiological portrait”. It consists of naming models, in which the linguistic knowledge about a given real-world object is reflected in the „internal form” of lexical items (especially in the internal form of nickname-ethnonyms and their semantic derivatives). In order lo reconstruct a relatively complete picture of a given phenomenon, it is important to take into account the lexis of different language varieties: dialects, jargons, the literary standard, as well as onomastic data. It is also important to consider the contrastive aspect of the phenomenon, to compare the portraits of the same ethnic group in different languages, which is why the present. work offers an analysis of Russian and English data. The types of information identifiable through an inquiry into naming models are characterized. Special attention is paid to the factor of linguistic technique, which may significantly alter the content of the object being reconstructed.
PL
utorzy rozpatrują możliwości rekonstrukcji wyobrażeń o obcych etnosach na podstawie analizy kulturowej konotacji etnonimów. Analiza taka prowadzi do rekonstrukcji „portretu onomazjologicznego”. Składa się on z modeli nazewniczych, w których „wiedza językowa” o obiekcie rzeczywistości odbija się w „wewnętrznej formie” jednostek leksykalnych (mowa głównie o wewnętrznej formie etnonimów-przezwisk i tworzonych od nich derywatów semantycznych). Sprawą zasadniczej wagi jest uwzględnienie leksyki z różnych odmian języka: gwar, żargonów, języka literackiego, a także faktów z dziedziny onomastyki. Wszystko to pozwala na uzyskanie stosunkowo pełnego obrazu badanego zjawiska. Ważny jest również aspekt kontrastywny, zakładający m.in. porównanie portretów tego samego etnosu w różnych językach; w związku z tym autorzy dokonują porównawczej analizy dwóch języków: rosyjskiego i angielskiego. W artykule scharakteryzowano typy informacji, jakie można wyodrębnić w wyniku badań modeli nazewniczych. Szczególną uwagę zwracają autorzy na analizę czynnika techniki językowej, który może wnieść istotne korekty treściowe do rekonstruowanego obiektu.
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