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EN
This article concerns church inspection records as a complementary source to the question of invasions and destruction in the 17th-century regions of Przemyśl and Sanok. The analysis of 17th- and 18th-century inspection reports shows that those sources (esp. the inspection by Fryderyk Alembek between 1636 and 1642 and by Bishop Paweł Piasecki in 1646) include the most information on the Tartar invasion in June 1624 and its consequences. The documents include records of destruction of individual churches, presbyteries, schools and hospitals, plunders, attempts to set fire, the names of the murdered and captured clergy. This article contains a detailed list of losses suffered by the parish organization in the Przemyśl and Sanok regions during that invasion. Besides, the reports include single records of damage caused by the Tartars in 1623 and 1629.
EN
During his pastoral ministry, Father Adam Lepa was directed to four parishes. Each of them had its own pastoral specifics. In the first two of these, St Adalbert’s parish in Dobroń and the Transfiguration of the Lord parish in Łódź, he served as vicar. In the other two, St Ursula’s and the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary parishes in Łódź, he held the office of parish priest. In St Ursula’s parish he was the first parish at the pre-existing pastoral centre, and the second parish he took over as parish priest was the oldest parish in Łódź.
EN
The article presents the documents found in the National Archive of the Odessa District. The documents concern a network of Catholic parishes and religious life. Several fonds contain archival materials referring to churches built in Odessa and clergy encouraged to work among the German settlers, and registry books of some parishes. The last ones are a valuable source for determining social origin and the countries from which the settlers arrived. Some of the materials also concern relations with the Orthodox Church, which has a dominant position in the Russian Empire. Archival materials fill in the gaps in already known sources and publications on Catholic parishes on the south coast of the Black Sea.
Studia Ełckie
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2019
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vol. 21
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issue 3
343-361
EN
This work concerns the contemporary area of the Suwałki region. In 1784 there were Roman Catholic parishes: Bakałarzewo, Filipów, Jeleniewo, Przerośl, Raczki, Suwałki, Wiżajny and probably Wigry (Magdalenowo). There was also part of the parish Lubowo and then Kaletnik. The main objective of this study is to answer the question of what role the oldest parishes of the region played for the inhabitants of the Polish-Lithuanian and Prussian states and their for the country's security. An attempt was made to characterize the importance of the borderland in the Christianization activity. The first permanent settlement began here at the beginning of the 16th century. The oldest Roman Catholic parish is Bakałarzewo (1520). Between 1562 and 1570, the Filipów and Przerośl parishes were established. In 1599, the Raczki parish was established. The turn of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries is also the time when the Wiżajny parish was founded. In 1541, in the village of Dowspuda near Raczki, there was also an Orthodox chapel. The Camaldolese of Wigry played a major role here (from 1668). They built temples in: Wigry, Magdalenowo and Suwałki (after 1710). Between 1772 and 1785, the Jeleniewo parish was developed, and in the years 1790-1794 – the Kaletnik parish. At that time, parish priests played a huge role, as they were able to write and read as few. Catholic churches near the border with Prussia strengthened the security of the state and the religiousness of the Catholics from Prussia. Only in churches, old people could get to know paintings or sculptures. Associations were active at the churches. The parishes supported Polish patriotism. Belfries were announced by important events, and parish cemeteries made it possible to organize funerals. Only parishes helped the poor and ran schools.
EN
This article discusses the sources useful in the studies on the history of Roman catholic parishes in Galicia in years 1772–1867 stored in the Central State Historic Archive of Ukraine in Lvov. The main focus has been on two sets, that of the Regency and Galician Treasury Procuratoria. Source materials from these sets allow to recall the history of socio-economic church institutions in the Austrian annexed territory. They contain information about their property status, legal rights to tithe and their obligations, descriptions of buildings (temples, living and storage buildings). Lvov materials are partially identical and partially complimentary to church archives in Poland (Diocese Archives in Tarnow). The article is complemented by appendix which contains scans of sample documents.
PL
W artykule omówiono źródła przydatne w badaniach nad historią parafii rzymskokatolickich w Galicji w latach 1772–1867 przechowywane w Centralnym Państwowym Archiwum Historycznym Ukrainy we Lwowie. Skoncentrowano się na dwóch zespołach – Namiestnictwa i Galicyjskiej Prokuratorii Skarbowej. Pochodzące z tych zespołów materiały źródłowe umożliwiają odtworzenie dziejów społeczno-gospodarczych instytucji kościelnych w zaborze austriackim. Przynoszą bowiem informację o ich uposażeniu w nieruchomości, prawach do dziesięciny i przyznanych powinnościach, opisy zabudowań (świątynie, budynki mieszkalne i gospodarcze). Materiały lwowskie częściowo pokrywają się, a częściowo dopełniają z archiwami kościelnymi w Polsce (Archiwum Diecezjalne w Tarnowie). Uzupełnieniem artykułu jest aneks, w którym zamieszczono skany przykładowych dokumentów.
DE
In dem Artikel wird die Geschichte der katholischen Gotteshäuser in Malbork (Marienburg) in der Neuzeit vorgestellt. Dabei wurde der Gemeinde Sankt Johannes der Evangelist am meisten Beachtung geschenkt, die – mit kurzen Unterbrechungen in der zweiten Hälfte des 16. Jahrhunderts und während des ersten schwedisch-polnischen Krieges – in katholischer Hand war. Aus Visitationsprotokollen erfahren wir etwas über durchgeführte Renovierungen, die Gottesdienstordnung und die beschäftigten Geistlichen. Auf der Grundlage der seit 1700 erhalten gebliebenen Kirchenbücher können wir schließen, dass jährlich etwa 200 Kinder getauft und zwischen 50 und 150 Ehen geschlossen wurden. Ab der zweiten Hälfte des 18. Jahrhunderts tauchen auch Einträge über Eheschließungen von Lutheranern in der katholischen Kirche auf, und dies sogar dann, wenn beide Eheleute nicht katholisch waren. Außer der Gemeinde Sankt Johannes der Evangelist gab es noch die der Jungfrau Maria geweihte Schlosskirche, die Sankt Laurenzkirche, die Heilig-Geist-Spitalkirche sowie Kapellen. Eine große Rolle in der Seelsorge spielten in der Neuzeit die Jesuiten, die diesen Dienst im Jahr 1618 aufnahmen.
EN
The article presents the history of the Catholic churches, operating in Malbork in the early modern period. Most attention was paid to the parish St. John the Evangelist, which – with short breaks in the second half of the sixteenth century and during the First Swedish-Polish War – remained in the hands of Catholics. With post-visit protocols learn about repairs carried out, the order of worship and involvement of the clergy. On the basis of the preserved since 1700 year vital records we can conclude that each year about 200 children was baptized and was contained from 50 to 150 weddings. Since the second half of the eighteenth century there are also records of marriages concluded by Lutherans in the Catholic Church, even when both spouses were not Catholics. Apart from the parish of St. John the Evangelist churches still functioning: the castle of the Blessed Virgin Mary, St. Lawrence and the hospital of the Holy Spirit and Chapels. A major role in the pastoral care in the modern era played the Jesuits, who have taken the ministry in 1618.
EN
Among the people who explored Central Asia in the second half of the 19th century, there was quite a large group of Catholic priests. Some of them were sent there as exiles – but once there, they continued their pastoral service, while others were sent for this specific purpose. Both carefully watched this part of the world, traversing Kazakhstan during their numerous pastoral trips to various parishes. As a result of repression in the form of exiles and the voluntary migration of Europeans, the Catholic community in Central Asia grew throughout the 19th century. The number of Catholic parishes spread over a huge area also increased. Visiting priests took notes from their travels, wrote memoirs or articles that were later published in European magazines. The article presents the activities of four Catholic priests: Walery Gromadzki, Mateusz Wejt, Leon Czudowski and Justyn Pranajtis, whose accounts and descriptions of Central Asia are an extremely interesting, though not fully used by researchers, historical source.
PL
Wśród osób, które w II połowie XIX wieku eksplorowały tereny Azji Środkowej, była całkiem liczna grupa księży katolickich. Niektórzy z nich trafili tam jako zesłańcy – ale będąc już na miejscu pełnili dalej posługę duszpasterską, inni zaś zostali wysłani właśnie w tym konkretnym celu. Jedni i drudzy uważnie przyglądali się tej części świata, przemierzając Kazachstan podczas swoich licznych podróży duszpasterskich do różnych parafii. Wspólnota katolików w Azji Środkowej rosła na przestrzeni całego XIX wieku, a przyczyniały się do tego zarówno represje carskie w formie zesłań, jak i dobrowolna migracja Europejczyków. Zwiększała się też liczba parafii katolickich, rozsianych po ogromnym terenie. Wizytujący je księża sporządzali notatki z podróży, pisali wspomnienia czy też artykuły publikowane następnie na łamach czasopism europejskich. Autor artykułu przedstawia działalność czterech księży katolickich: Walerego Gromadzkiego, Mateusza Wejta, Leona Czudowskiego i Justyna Pranajtisa, których relacje i opisy Azji Środkowej są nadzwyczaj ciekawym, choć nie do końca wykorzystanym przez badaczy źródłem historycznym.
PL
Początki i rozwój organizacji Kościoła katolickiego na Rusi są słabo rozpoznane, a wymagają studiów nad poszczególnymi parafiami. Artykuł dotyczy kościoła we wsi Tuligłowy, uważanego za jeden najstarszych w diecezji przemyskiej. Powstał on faktycznie w drugiej połowie XV w., prawie sto lat później niż dotąd sądzono. Następnie przejęli go, korzystając ze sfałszowanych dokumentów, bożogrobcy z Miechowa. The beginnings and development of the organisation of the Catholic Church in Rus’ have not been satisfactorily researched and require detailed studies on individual parishes. The paper deals with the church in the village of Tuligłowy, regarded as one of the oldest churches in the diocese of Przemyśl. Actually, it was founded in the second half of the 15th century, almost a hundred years later than believed so far. Then the Order of the Holy Sepulchre from Miechów took it over, using fake documents.
PL
Przedmiotem opracowania jest pełnienie funkcji świadczącej przez samorządy gminne w Polsce, w kontekście napływu uchodźców wojennych z Ukrainy w 2022 r. W pracy zostały przeanalizowane podstawy prawne działania polskich samorządów w tym zakresie. Autorka przyjęła za hipotezę badawczą twierdzenie, według którego realizacja pomocy socjalnej dla uchodźców wojennych z Ukrainy była możliwa dzięki współpracy samorządów z organizacjami pozarządowymi i parafiami. Celem opracowania jest ukazanie potrzeby i skuteczności współpracy samorządów z organizacjami pozarządowymi w Polsce i parafiami. Wnioskiem końcowym opracowania jest twierdzenie, że dzięki współpracy samorządów z organizacjami pozarządowymi i parafiami samorządy gminne mogły lepiej wypełnić swoją funkcję świadczącą wobec osób potrzebujących.
EN
The subject of the study is the performance of a providing function by communal governments in Poland in the context of the influx of war refugees from Ukraine in 2022. The work analyzes the legal basis for the operation of Polish local governments in this area. The author adopted as a research hypothesis the statement according to which the implementation of social assistance for war refugees from Ukraine was possible thanks to the cooperation of local governments with non-governmental organizations and parishes. The aim of the study is to show the need and effectiveness of cooperation between local governments and non-governmental organizations in Poland and parishes. The final conclusion of the study is the statement that thanks to the cooperation of local governments with non-governmental organizations and parishes, communal governments could better fulfill their function of providing services to people in need.
EN
The article presents, in chronological order, a geographic-historical analysis of the development of parish structures in the Mogilev metropolis in 1783–1918. The analysis has been based on two primary sources: the annual diocesan handbooks called Schematisms and registers of the clergy. The changes in the network of parishes are presented within the territorial administrative units of the higher level: deaneries and dioceses (of Mogilev, Vilnius, Samogitian diocese, and the dioceses of Lutsk and Zhytomyr, Kamianets-Podilskyi, Minsk, and Tiraspol). The paper attempts to interpret these changes by establishing their causes and circumstances.
PL
Artykuł w układzie chronologicznym przedstawia analizę geograficzno-historyczną rozwoju struktur parafialnych w metropolii mohylewskiej w latach 1783–1918. Główną podstawę źródłową stanowią schematyzmy diecezjalne oraz spisy duchowieństwa. Zmiany sieci parafialnej zostały ukazane w ramach jednostek administracyjnych wyższego rzędu: dekanatów oraz diecezji (mohylewskiej, wileńskiej, żmudzkiej, łucko-żytomierskiej, kamienieckiej, mińskiej, tyraspolskiej). Tekst podejmuje próbę interpretacji tych zmian przez określenie ich przyczyn i okoliczności.
EN
In the investigated period of the years 1768–1793, the Poznań diocese belonged to the Gniezno metropolitan area and comprised the territory of more than 28 000 square kilometers, divided into two parts - Great Poland and Masovia. Poznań bishops resided mainly in Warsaw, in the Masovian part. The diocesan office in the years 1768–1780 was held by Andrew Stanislaus Młodziejowski and in the years 1780–1793 by Anthony Onuphrius Okęcki, both involved in state issues, includ- ing the post of crown chancellors. Pontifical duties were performer mainly by bishops suffragan, while the diocese was managed by general curates. The cathedral chapter in Poznań, constituted by 10 prelates and 23 canons, was the elite of the clergy. In addition to that, there were other bodies of clergy like curates, penitentiaries, two missionary colleges, rorantists and altarists. Collegiate chapters existed in three churches in Poznań, as well as in Warsaw, Środa Wielkopolska (Great Poland), Szamotuły and Czarnków. The area of the diocese was divided in to four archdeaconships - Poznań, Śrem, Pszczew and Warsaw - each divided into deaconships, amounting to the number of twenty nine. Within the territory of the diocese there were 466 parish churches and a significant number of churches and chapels of various character, with an abundance of priests. The clergymen derived mainly from the townspeople, and delegates of the bishop visiting the parishes positively assessed their moral conduct. In 1772 there were 78 male monasteries with 1549 monks and 17 female monasteries in the whole diocese.
PL
In the investigated period of the years 1768–1793, the Poznań diocese belonged to the Gniezno metropolitan area and comprised the territory of more than 28 000 square kilometers, divided into two parts - Great Poland and Masovia. Poznań bishops resided mainly in Warsaw, in the Masovian part. The diocesan office in the years 1768–1780 was held by Andrew Stanislaus Młodziejowski and in the years 1780–1793 by Anthony Onuphrius Okęcki, both involved in state issues, includ- ing the post of crown chancellors. Pontifical duties were performer mainly by bishops suffragan, while the diocese was managed by general curates. The cathedral chapter in Poznań, constituted by 10 prelates and 23 canons, was the elite of the clergy. In addition to that, there were other bodies of clergy like curates, penitentiaries, two missionary colleges, rorantists and altarists. Collegiate chapters existed in three churches in Poznań, as well as in Warsaw, Środa Wielkopolska (Great Po- land), Szamotuły and Czarnków. The area of the diocese was divided in to four archdeaconships - Poznań, Śrem, Pszczew and Warsaw - each divided into deaconships, amounting to the number of twenty nine. Within the territory of the diocese there were 466 parish churches and a significant number of churches and chapels of various character, with an abundance of priests. The clergymen derived mainly from the townspeople, and delegates of the bishop visiting the parishes positively assessed their moral conduct. In 1772 there were 78 male monasteries with 1549 monks and 17 female monasteries in the whole diocese.
PL
Szkoły parafialne w Polsce pojawiły się już w XI w. Więcej informacji na temat szkolnictwa prowadzonego przez Kościół pochodzi dopiero z XVI w. Również w Płocku pierwsze wiadomości o szkole parafialnej pochodzą z ok. 1085 r. Była to szkoła katedralna. Oprócz niej znajdowało się tu jeszcze wiele innych szkół: W XII w. szkoła kolegiacka św. Michała, znajdująca się pod opieką kanoników regularnych w Czerwińsku. Istniała także szkoła parafialna przy kościele św. Bartłomieja. Również benedyktyni posiadali tu swoją szkołę, ale w XIII w. już przestała istnieć. Szkołę konwentualną posiadali również Dominikanie. Siostry Norbertanki prowadziły szkołę dla dziewcząt. W roku 1607 biskup płocki Marcin Szyszkowski sprowadził do Płocka Jezuitów. Prowadzili oni swoją szkołę aż do 1773 r. W 1710 r. biskup płocki Ludwik Załuski erygował w Płocku Seminarium Duchowne. W XVII w. pod wpływem przemian, jakie się w tym czasie pojawiły w Polsce, sytuacja szkół znajdujących się pod opieką Kościoła zaczęła się zmieniać.
EN
The parish schools in Poland appeared in the 11 th century. More informations about parish education comes from the 16 th century. In Płock the first information about the parish school comes from about 1085. It was a school at the cathedral of Płock. In Płock were many schools: at the collegiate church of St. Michael existed schools in the XIIth century. It was under the care of Regular Canons in Czerwińsk. In Płock was a parish school at the church of St. Bartolomew too. The Benedictines had school here too, but in the 13th century it wasn’t exist. The Dominicans have conventual school. The Norbertine had a convent school for girls. In 1607 Bishop marcin Szyszkowski brought the Jesuits to Płock. They had a school in Płock until 1773. In 1710 Bishop Ludwik Załuski erected the Seminary in Płock. In the 17th century, the situations of schools under the protection of the Church began to change under the influence of changes that appeared in Poland at that time.
RU
W artykule przedstawione zostały niekanoniczne organizacje wierzących, wspólnoty i diecezje, działających na terytorium Nowosybirskiej Metropolii Rosyjskiego Kościoła Prawosławnego Patriarchatu Moskiewskiego, położone w granicach regionu Nowosybirsku w Rosji. Pomimo odrzucenia legalnej struktury kościelnej, wspólnoty te nie są w stanie przyciągnąć uwagi do swoich działań lokalnej społeczności prawosławnych regionu Nowosybirska.
EN
The diocesan Bishop governs the particular Church entrusted to him with legislative, executive and judicial power (can. 391 § 1), as well as through the exercise of his pastoral office, he, the Bishop is the first on which looms this charitable mission. It is a juridical requirement of the Bishop that the code of canon law and the documents of the Magisterium treat several times, from a pastoral point of view. It is, in fact, inherent in the task of guiding the particular Church entrusted to him and guarantor of the ecclesial spirit, that the Bishop orients towards charity the action of priests, the faithful and associations of the Church (can. 318 § 1), showing the attention to the poor and needy of the portion of the people of God that he presides. This supporting role towards charity, the Bishop may exercise through the diocesan councils which he presides: the Diocesan Council for the Economic Affairs (can. 492), the Diocesan Pastoral Council and eventually other Diocesan organisms that could be constituted for this end, such as Caritas, organizations that must be created both, at the level of parishes, and other entities that are part of the head of the diocese (can. 1280). The supervision of the management of the goods that competes to the diocesan Bishop in the light of the rules and of the Magisterium, should then be understood not only as a mere work of control, but also as a core function in the field of administration of the goods for realising that “attention to the poorest”, which is part of the practice of the Church’s mission.
IT
Il Vescovo diocesano, che governa la Chiesa particolare che gli è stata affidata con la potestà piena, legislativa, amministrativa e giudiziaria (can. 391 § 1), nonché attraverso l’esercizio del suo ufficio pastorale, è il primo su cui incombe questa missione caritativa. Una panoramica giuridica su questo obbligo del Vescovo che il codice di diritto canonico e i documenti del Magistero trattano diverse volte, anche dal punto di vista pastorale. E’ infatti insito nel compito di guida della Chiesa particolare a lui affidata e di garante dello spirito ecclesiale, che il Vescovo orienta verso la carità l’azione dei presbiteri, dei fedeli e delle associazioni della sua Chiesa (can. 318 § 1), mostrando l’attenzione ai più poveri e bisognosi della porzione di popolo di Dio che lui presiede. Questa funzione di incentivo verso la carità, il Vescovo la potrà esercitare attraverso i Consigli diocesani che presiede: il Consiglio Diocesano Affari economici (can. 492), il Consiglio Pastorale diocesano e altri eventuali organismi diocesani che potrà costituire per questo scopo, come le Caritas, organismi che è tenuto a creare sia a livello di parrocchie, sia di altri degli enti che fanno capo alla diocesi (can. 1280). La vigilanza sulla gestione dei beni della diocesi che compete al Vescovo diocesano alla luce delle norme e del Magistero deve dunque intendersi non solo come una mera opera di controllo, ma anche come una funzione fondamentale “di indirizzo” in materia di amministrazione dei beni, perché si realizzi quella “attenzione ai più poveri” che fa parte della missione pratica della Chiesa.
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