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EN
While looking for investment opportunities, investors analyse whether a potential investment will bring satisfactory returns, the level of which depends on many risk factors. That is why it is necessary to analyse the potential risks in the process of investment management. Investors need to possess knowledge of such risks, their influence on the investment, and the methods of avoiding risk. Given the scale of investments into residential property, the focus has been on the risk factors determining the return on investment, which is crucial for a large number of small investors. Identification of different kinds of risks associated with residential premises is crucial for the management of such investments and translates directly into the level of return on the investment. The increase of the investments into residential property is caused by some small investors who are looking for an alternative method of investing. Their funds do not bring a satisfactory level of returns while in bank deposits. Those investors recognise the opportunity which arises from renting flats. The temptation of high returns compensates for the level of risk.
EN
On the one hand, social work is an exceptional profession, because people performing it try to help people who are involved in various difficult situations. On the other hand, it is a high-risk job, because employees are exposed to lots of risks. The purpose of this article is to present potential threats in the work of social workers and to propose solutions that would increase their security.
EN
The article analyzes the European Neighbourhood Policy of the European Union and its Eastern Dimension using the method associated with risk analysis. The European Union is recognized primarily as an actor of international economic relations oriented towards maximizing profits and minimizing losses on the international market. It is assumed that creation of the multilateral regional cooperation for the area of Eastern Europe, where Russia remains an important and risky player, was based on the mechanisms of risk management. It is not treated as a single act but a process that requires continuous verification or confirmation of the adopted methods, based on the results of this management and new challenges posed by the international environment. In addition, armed conflict between Ukraine (included in the European Neighbourhood Policy) and Russia in 2014 confirmed the presence of a high level of risk in the area, highly influenced the European Union’s decisions on economic relations with Russia, and has brought significant losses for the European market, in response to which further strategies of risk management must be created.
EN
The business environment today is characterized by an increase in global- ization and the growing competitive pressures. Above mentioned issues in- creased number of business crises as well as the extension of the risks to the stability of the business environment. The company management must there- fore currently manage the increased demands, flexibly respond to the first signs of the crisis and also prove to assess imminent danger and even elimi- nate this danger. If an enterprise undergoes a crisis it must provide the necessary tools to overcome crisis. Business management in a crisis is forcing business managers to use innovative methods and management techniques that are adequate in a crisis environment. The paper deals with the descrip- tion of potential crises in the company under the curve of the business life cycle, with possible causes and their coping.
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EN
In advanced modernity, the theory and practice of security have been modified by the effects of civilization development. One of the differences with respect to pre-modern times is the deconstruction of a simple cause and effect relationship. This state of affairs results from the cultural aetiology of threats, the overcoming of which also lies in the influence of culture, and more specifically, security culture. Safety has always been linked to risk. Today, however, this risk contains a significant element of uncertainty. The purpose of the article is to show new conditions determining the shaping of security culture in the perspective of the risk generated not by nature, but by human. The culture of being safe is the right risk that arises from estimating the likelihood of negative effects of civilization development. The above objective is related to the following questions (research problems): How does the risk determined by the progress of civilization affect the process of shaping a culture of security? To what extent will the risk society create the culture of reduction of this risk?
EN
The article analyzes the European Neighbourhood Policy of the European Union and its Eastern Dimension using the method associated with risk analysis. The European Union is recognized primarily as an actor of international economic relations oriented towards maximizing profits and minimiz ing losses on the international market. It is assumed that creation of the multilateral regional cooperation for the area of Eastern Europe, where Russia remains an important and risky player, was based on the mechanisms of risk management. It is not treat ed as a single act but a process that requires continuous verification or confirmation of the adopted methods, based on the results of this management and new challenges posed by the international environment. In addition, armed conflict between Ukraine (i ncluded in the European Neighbourhood Policy) and Russia in 2014 confirmed the presence of a high level of risk in the area, highly influenced the European Union ’ s decisions on economic relations with Russia, and has brought significant losses for the Euro pean market, in response to which further strategies of risk management must be created.
EN
Based on the literature review, significant benefits have been identified out of the implementation of Business Intelligence. However, risks have been also discovered, and they were mainly connected with an improper change management during the process of the BI systems implementation. Further direction for a development of BI system has been discussed, focusing in particular on maturity models available in the literature. The paper highlights the fact that maturity models currently available in the literature do not take comprehensively into account all aspects of the development of BI in organizations. Therefore, there is a need for further research in this field of science.
EN
At the beginning of this article, the author explains, what “safety” means in a securitology context (science of security). He claims, that it should be a major element of physical culture science and sport theory. It’s about two trends of physical culture securitology – one is looking for safety in sports, and the second one wants to use physical culture to prevent different types of threats (both: inner – individual and outside – collective safety). One of many physical culture’s goals is to aim for efficient human body. By its help, we become humans, that can unleash the strength to maximize our psychophysical effectiveness. Through physical exercise we shape up our fitness. In basic range, its enough to satisfy individual’s needs, which are related to everyday life. It influences the people’s work, both physical and mental. This kind of activity allows to rebuild physical strength lost by the illness, free from stress and prepare human body for overcoming adversity. Organized physical activity is also an element, which brings people together. It satisfy the need of social participation and appreciation (or rivalry). What is equally important – it allows to get perfection, both corporal and psychophysical. The most important thing is that sports activity should not be make any threat by itself. It should be safe. Physical culture influences self-control, what leads to self-improvement.
EN
Research background: Institutional investors such as: commercial banks, pension funds, and insurance companies are constantly looking for low-risk stable investment opportunities, whereas one of the solutions can be a simulated portfolio. This research takes a look at the incentive to invest in government debt portfolios, as it can outperform the returns of deposit accounts. Purpose of the article: This study considers several classic methods of portfolio constriction and includes the basis of debt instruments that have not been a research topic for a long period of time. At the same time, this paper analyzes the classic methods of modern portfolio theory with a Sharpe ratio as an indicator of efficiency. Methods: The constructed portfolio consists of four elements from different countries: two government obligations and two bond indexes, aiming to employ international diversification. All the data was collected for the period of 12 years in order to represent the consequences of accrued recessions. Findings & Value added: The past two severe financial crises created a higher demand for stable investments, and more investors are ready to compromise a higher return for it. Therefore, the results of this paper represent a simulation of low-risk hedge fund portfolio construction with the use of highly rated debt instruments.
EN
The article discusses the need to develop the financial sector of electricity market. The analysis of Russian and foreign sources has allowed to define the features of electricity market. An algorithm for determining the settlement price of futures contracts and variation margin is considered.
EN
International terrorism and the challenges and risks that are the main theme of this article. International terrorism have been referring to the instability of the banking sector, cyber-terrorism, organized crime, and above all to asymmetric methods of combat, which are characterized by high ruthlessness and cruelty. Actually we can see the changes in the strategy of used armed forces in the war against terrorists organization. In addition we will notice new alliances and coalitions between states which didn’t cooperate too close in the aim of political and diplomatic issues, before. Unfortunately, acts of terrorism increase and becoming stronger and brutal in the use of asymmetric methods and combat. Now we know that asymmetric methods are effective and cause real fear and sense of social threat around the world. I claimed that today we can see a new dimension of use of the armed forces in the fight against terrorism and we can see that this war encompasses a large area. This article contains information regarding the use of armed forces against the threat that is international terrorism.
EN
This paper is a review of recent publications dealing with the consequences of the release of genetically modified (GM) crops into the environment. The summary of arguments and for and against is an attempt to summarize the debate in the media. This highly publicized issue, although only one aspect of the conflict between the biotech lobby, environmentalists and consumers. The controversy arises from the fact that neither the benefits nor the risks of GM crops are clearly defined. The study contains a summary of claims that there is a serious potential risk to the environment of positive cultivation of GM crops, with uncertain effects, and that basic manipulation of heredity could have tragic consequences. European scepticism about GM crops increases from year to year. This paper coincides with the Polish government’s introduction of a ban on the cultivation of genetically modified maize and potatoes on Polish territory. In conclusion, while a move away from GM crops is likely, the author argues that ultimately there is no turning back.
EN
The analyses of the security environment of the second decade of the 21st century clearly indicate that the period will be recorded in history as a decade of change, a time of discontinuation. Liberal democracy ceases to be the dominant paradigm, and the challenging of the liberal-democratic ideas is the most profound change since the establishment of the democratic order in the West in 1945. We are facing a growing gap between societal expectations and the abilities of the governments as well as the results that they deliver – the function of the state is changing, and governing is becoming ever more difficult. It is highly likely that the consequences of these changes will be more serious than the end of the Cold War and the collapse of the Soviet Union. The basic principles of the international order created after World War II are becoming increasingly obsolete. It appears obvious that these changes affect not only individual societies in the West, but also global international relations. These changes are accompanied by a scientific and technological revolution, in particular with regard to information. These phenomena can and should be analysed in terms of changes in the security environment understood as a mix of opportunities, challenges, threats and risks. This applies to the European Union in particular, as well as to the entire continent. It is reasonable to assume that risks and threats to Europe gain new depth within this context.
EN
Currently, the security problem has a broader meaning than ever. There is a social demand for development of an independent multi-disciplinary scientific field – the theory of security. This thesis presents the essence of multi-disciplinary approach to understanding problems and factors basic to modern philosophy of security theory: basic theory of security; theory of dualism in security management; theory of social systems security; ideology of security centrism; security control. Security Control is viewed as a dual process of security provision to social systems: protection system and counteraction system (purposeful benefit management) against adverse factors; and hazards build up – risk, challenge, threat – to the existence and favorable development of security of objects: individuals, society, state, international community and human civilization.
Journal of Pedagogy
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2011
|
vol. 2
|
issue 2
246-262
EN
The article deals with the relevance of the work of Foucault to critical analysis of the political concept of lifelong learning that currently dominates. This concept relates to the field of adult education and learning. The article makes reference to the relatively late incorporation of Foucault's work within andragogy. It shows the relevance of Foucault's concept of a subject situated within power relations where the relation between knowledge and power plays a key role. The analysis of changing relations between knowledge and power will help us to understand important features of neoliberal public policies. The motif of human capital is key. The need to continually adapt to the changing economic and social conditions follows on from the neoliberal interpretation of learning, and the individual is to blame for failure on the labour market or in life generally.
EN
Aim: The Covid-19 pandemic situation has affected all sectors of our society that have been in direct or indirect contact with humans. The virtual world, which did not concern many people until the onset of the pandemic, began to be a major part of the solutions to everyday situations in life. Modern technologies thus began to play a major role in solving problem situations, but also in the ordinary contact of people with the school, with medical facilities, with work, in communication with other close relatives. Concept: The use of modern technological equipment and their connection to the pandemic situation began to be of interest in the professional and research investigation of scientists working in various areas of life. In addition to the use of modern technological equipment, other more abstract ideas have begun to be explored, reflecting and commenting on, comparing the advantages and disadvantages of using equipment on the basis of age, ability and industry. Scientific studies are thus carried out from the point of view of sociology, gender studies, psychology, psychiatry, medicine, social work, but also other inhumane scientific branches. Method: This study addresses the advantages and disadvantages of using modern technology and points to a number of studies that positively or negatively affect a person's personality through the virtual world. The authors of this study worked with specific texts, using textual analysis, analytical and synthetic methods, and pointed out important studies that draw attention to the connection between the social situation and the use of modern technologies. Results: The study confirms that the pandemic situation requires constant access to virtual reality through modern technological devices that allow all people in society to contact each other, regardless of age, gender, job classification, or position, role. At the same time, it is very important how we will incorporate modern technologies into our lives and what impact modern devices will have on survival and on the real world. Conclusion: The scientific articles and contributions offered in this study point to the use of technological devices, their advantages and disadvantages for the development of human personality. It is understandable that the virtual world can interfere with our personal and family life, while it is necessary to realize its basic functions, which it offers us for our benefit.
EN
The analyses of the security environment of the second decade of the 21st century clearly indicate that the period will be recorded in history as a decade of change, a time of discontinuation. Liberal democracy ceases to be the dominant paradigm, and the challenging of the liberal-democratic ideas is the most profound change since the establishment of the democratic order in the West in 1945. We are facing a growing gap between societal expectations and the abilities of the governments as well as the results that they deliver – the function of the state is changing, and governing is becoming ever more difficult. It is highly likely that the consequences of these changes will be more serious than the end of the Cold War and the collapse of the Soviet Union. The basic principles of the international order created after World War II are becoming increasingly obsolete. It appears obvious that these changes affect not only individual societies in the West, but also global international relations. These changes are accompanied by a scientific and technological revolution, in particular with regard to information. These phenomena can and should be analysed in terms of changes in the security environment understood as a mix of opportunities, challenges, threats and risks. This applies to the European Union in particular, as well as to the entire continent. It is reasonable to assume that risks and threats to Europe gain new depth within this context.
EN
New technologies in the global aero - space engineering education are considered. The paper paid special attention to the civil aviation hazards and risks in the context of global aviation development trends. The paper deals with challenges of new aviation specialties creation, including features of 1, 2 and 3 education cycles. The paper introduces practical experience of the National Aviation University according to the new technologies in the aero - space engineering education implementation.
19
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EN
The article deals with a socially relevant and actual issue of domestic violence with respect to the development and protection of children. First, it describes the concept of domestic violence, particularly intimate partner violence, and brings some numerical data. In spite of the fact that the reported numbers are different, each situation when a child is exposed to the domestic violence is very unfavorable or even traumatic for him. The immediate effects are feelings of fear, anxiety, confusion, anger and helplessness. Younger children often feel guilty for the situation at home. Most experts are convinced that long-term consequences of witnessing domestic violence are very negative for the development of child's personality. The exposure to intimate partner violence is increasingly being recognized as a form of child maltreatment. The World Health Organization expressed this conviction in 2013 when children´s exposure to domestic violence was added to the syndrome of child abuse and neglect as one form of psychic abuse. Further, the consequences of exposure to the domestic violence are summarized developmentally from early childhood to young adulthood. The typical symptom in children growing up in an atmosphere of fear and violence is the reduced self-esteem. Emotional and behavioral disorders are also frequent. It was even proven that children who are passively exposed to domestic violence tend to have equally severe emotional symptoms (e.g. depression) as children who are really physically abused. The intensity and extent of the consequences of children's exposure to domestic violence depend on several factors, such as age and sex of the child, his resilience, rate of brutality and frequency of its occurrence, supportive social network of the family and so on. The fact that reduced parental skills are common in families with domestic violence is pointed out. Empirical evidence shows that the quality of parenting and the ability to meet the needs of the child are decreased. Little research attention has been paid to the relationship between father and child in families where the offender is a man/father. The transgenerational transmission of violence is mentioned, too. Finally, the possibilities of child protection and several practical implications are outlined. The most important thing is to ensure the safety of the child, to protect his/her health, not only physical but also psychological. The child should understand the situation, which can be difficult due to the age and intellectual maturity of the child. The primary prevention of violence since childhood is important, including examples of parents, education for responsibility and tolerance of differences, achievement of adequate self-confidence and skills to solve problems. The issue of domestic violence and child protection must be addressed interdisciplinary.
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EN
The scientometric analysis of the term "compliance" is used in the article, which is used to denote the organization's continuous efforts to comply with all local and foreign laws, regulations and rules applicable to its activities, including its own internal corporate policies and procedures. For many years, compliance has been emphasized solely in industries that are traditionally tightly regulated, such as health care and financial services. However, after the anti-corruption legislation came into force in Ukraine and Hungary, all industries began to be regulated quite rigidly, and for each legal entity (or division) there was a need for strict monitoring of compliance by industrial enterprises with countless existing laws, regulations and regulations. Ultimately, the essence of a reliable compliance program is not only to avoid investigations, but mostly to shape the ethical environment in which the business will prosper. At present, compliance technologies are increasingly being used in the marketing activities of industrial enterprises.
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