Search results

1

Rola gubernatora stanowego w australijskim systemie konstytucyjnym

100%

Rajca D.

Politeja : Pismo Wydziału Studiów Miedzynarodowych i Politycznych Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego

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2013

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issue 1(23)

173-192

EN

The office of Governor is the oldest constitutional office in Australia. Each of the six states was founded as a British colony, and a Governor was appointed by the British government to exercise executive authority over the colony, to represent the monarch who was permanently based in London and to perform the same constitutional and representational functions at state level, which the Governor General perform at the federal level. Current position of state governor in the Australian political system is the result of the transformation of the office, taking place from the eighteenth century, when the governors led newly emerging British colonies, as well as political and social changes in Australia and in the British Empire. The article presents the history of that office, requirements for officials and a range of their privileges and powers. The evolution of this position will be undoubtedly associated with the result of discussion on a key constitutional change, which is currently pending between the two environments: Australians for a Constitutional Monarchy and Australian Republican Movement

2

The role of traditional and new international relations actors in addressing climate change

88%

Shevchenko O.

Eastern Review

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2019

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vol. 8

201-221

EN

Addressing global climate change brings up a number of priority issues. The fundamental issue is the definition of the participants in this process and the scope of their competencies and areas of responsibility. Practice shows that modern global challenges, which include global climate change, cannot be solved individually and in a straightforward manner without the involvement of all stakeholders and the general public. The article discusses actions aimed at adapting and mitigating the consequences of global climate challenges carried out by states and their alliances (as traditional international actors) and corporations and media (as new international actors). It is shown that today state political decisions on the adaptation to and mitigation of the consequences of global climate change are associated, in particular, with the transition to a low-carbon economy. At the same time, specific and effective climate policies are also being implemented by international corporations. Global media implement their own climate initiatives from one side and shape international public opinion regarding the climate challenge from the other side. The author concludes that, despite the active presence of the theme of global climate change in international and national political discourse, as well as in media and in the social and economic projects of corporations, the general attempts to resolve the issue can’t be considered as a well coordinated, and the results are not efficient enough.

3

Commonly Misused Terms: War, Armed Conflict, Civil War and Military Coup D’Etat

88%

Petriashvili N., Tsutskiridze D.

Cybersecurity and Law

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2019

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vol. 2

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issue 2

101-108

EN

The aim of the article is linguistic and semantic analysis of concepts such as armed conflict, war, civil war and coup d’etat. In the author’s opinion, these concepts do not coincide, and their correct classification will lead to a better understanding of the nature of international conflicts. Authors also draws attention to the need for cooperation between scientists and politicians in the aspect of greater effectiveness of international humanitarian law.

4

Topological Modelling of Grammatical and Lexical Aspect in English

88%

Skrzypczak W.

Research in Language

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2007

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vol. 5

185-204

EN

This paper stems from a broader research project entitled Analog-based Modelling of Meaning Representations in English (Skrzypczak 2006), and aims to present grammatical aspect and lexical aspect as two modes of encoding the temporal profiles within the conceptualisation of processes (terminologically, in Langackerian sense, imperfective and perfective processes, otherwise, variously labelled as stative and dynamic verbs, i. e. states vs. discrete ‘unitary’ events and non-discrete ‘unbounded’ processes).It is assumed that aspect in both cases - as a process-profiling category - is analogous to the profiling of things and atemporal relations (in the sense of Langacker 1987, 1990, 2000), given the maximisation of the temporal domain in the characterisation of processes (perfective and imperfective, hence: dynamic and stative), and minimalisation of the temporal domain during the conceptualisation of things (conceptually independent entities) and atemporal relations (conceptually dependent atemporal configurations). The analogy between nouns and verbs in terms of ‘granularity’ has been so far variously addressed by Langacker (1990), Jackendoff (1991) and Talmy (2001), and also constitutes the core assumption in my research on topological modelling.

5

Topological Modelling of Grammatical and Lexical Aspect in English

88%

Skrzypczak W.

Research in Language

|

2007

|

vol. 5

185-204

EN

This paper stems from a broader research project entitled Analog-based Modelling of Meaning Representations in English (Skrzypczak 2006), and aims to present grammatical aspect and lexical aspect as two modes of encoding the temporal profiles within the conceptualisation of processes (terminologically, in Langackerian sense, imperfective and perfective processes, otherwise, variously labelled as stative and dynamic verbs, i. e. states vs. discrete ‘unitary’ events and nondiscrete ‘unbounded’ processes). It is assumed that aspect in both cases – as a process-profiling category – is analogous to the profiling of things and atemporal relations (in the sense of Langacker 1987, 1990, 2000), given the maximisation of the temporal domain in the characterisation of processes (perfective and imperfective, hence: dynamic and stative), and minimalisation of the temporal domain during the conceptualisation of things (conceptually independent entities) and atemporal relations (conceptually dependent atemporal configurations). The analogy between nouns and verbs in terms of ‘granularity’ has been so far variously addressed by Langacker (1990), Jackendoff (1991) and Talmy (2001), and also constitutes the core assumption in my research on topological modelling.

6

Constructing catalogue of temporal situations

75%

Koseska-Toszewa V., Mazurkiewicz A.

Cognitive Studies

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2010

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issue 10

EN

Constructing catalogue of temporal situationsThe paper is aiming to create a common basis for description, comparing, and analysis natural languages. As a subject of comparison we have chosen temporal structures of some languages. For such a choice there exists a perfect tool, describing basic temporal phenomena, namely an ordering of states and events in time, certainty and uncertainty, independency of histories of separate objects, necessity and possibility. This tool is supported by the Petri nets formalism, which seems to be well suited for expressing the above mentioned phenomena. Petri nets are built form three primitive notions: of states, of events that begin or end the states, and so-called flow relation indicating succession of states and events. This simple constituents give rise to many possibilities of representing temporal phenomena; it turns out that such representations are sufficient for many (clearly, not necessarily all) temporal situations appearing in natural languages.In description formalisms used till now there is no possibility of expressing such reality phenomena as temporal dependencies in compound statement, or combination of temporality and modality. Moreover, using these formalisms one cannot distinguish between two different sources of uncertainty of the speaker while describing the reality: one, due to the lack of knowledge of the speaker what is going on in outside world, the second, due to objective impossibility of foreseen ways in which some conflict situations will be (or already have been) resolved. Petri net formalism seems to be perfectly suited for such differentiations.There are two main description principles that encompassed this paper. First, that assigns meaning to names of grammatical structures in different languages may lead to misunderstanding. Two grammatical structures with apparently close names may describe different reality. Additionally, some grammatical terms used in one language may be absent and not understandable in the other. It leads to assign meanings to situations, rather than to linguistic forms used for their expression. The second principle is limit the discussed issues to such a piece of reality that can be possible for precise description. The third is to avoid introducing such information to the described reality that is not explicitly mentioned by linguistic means. The authors try to following these principles in the present paper.The paper is organized as follows. First, some samples of situations related to present tense are given together with examples of their expressions in four languages: English, (as a reference language) and three Slavic languages, representing South slavonic languages (Bulgarian), West slavonic languages (Polish), and East slavonic languages (Russian). Within the same framework the next parts of the paper are constructed, supplying samples of using Past tenses and, finally, future tenses and modalities.The formal tools for description purposes are introduced stepwise, according to needs caused be the described reality. There are mainly Petri nets, equipped additionally with inscriptions or labeling in order to keep proper assignations of description units to described objects.

7

Lech Kacprzak, Jacek Knopek (red.), Bezpieczeństwo państw a procesy migracyjne

75%

Kamińska O.

Zabezpieczenie Społeczne. Teoria, Prawo, Praktyka

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2013

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vol. II

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issue 2

86-87

EN

Book „Security of states and migration processes” edited by Lech Kacprzak and Jacek Knopek was published in 2008. This book is seventy two position published by Stanisław Staszic State School of Higher Vocational Education in Piła. In the introduction editors explained what is the main aim of this publication. Their object is security of the state and migration as a process.

PL

Recenzja publikacji pt. "Bezpieczeństwo państw a procesy migracyjne".

8

State-level Taylor rule and monetary policy stress

75%

Duran H. E., Gajewski P.

Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy

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2023

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vol. 18

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issue 1

89-120

EN

Research background: Taylor rule is a widely adopted approach to follow monetary policy and investigate various mechanisms related to or triggered by monetary policy. To date, no in-depth examination of scale, determinants and spillovers of state-level monetary policy stress, stemming from the Federal Reserve Board?s (Fed?s) policy has been performed. Purpose of the article: This paper aims to investigate the nature of monetary policy stress on US States delivered by the single monetary policy by using a quarterly dataset spanning the years between 1989 and 2017. Methods: We apply a wide array of time series and panel regressions, such as unit root tests, co-integration tests, co-integrating FMOLS and DOLS regressions, and Spatial Panel SAR and SEM models. Findings & value added: When average stress imposed on states is calculated, it is observed that the level of stress is moderate, but the distribution across states is asymmetric. The cross-state determinants behind the average stress show that states with a higher percentage of working-age and highly educated population, as well as those with higher population density and more export-oriented are negatively stressed (i.e. they experience excessively low interest rates), whereas higher unemployment rate contributes to a positive stress (too high interest rates). To the best of our knowledge, the contribution of this paper lies in estimating monetary policy stress at the state level and unveiling some of the determinants of this stress. Moreover, the paper makes the first attempt to empirically test spatial spillovers of the stress, which are indeed found significant and negative.

9

„Nowe państwa członkowskie” w strefie euro – doświadczenia dla Polski

75%

Ryszka J.

Opolskie Studia Administracyjno-Prawne

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2011

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vol. IX

61-80

EN

In spite of the fact that the reception of a single currency is imposed as part of the duties resulting from membership in the UE, none of the states which entered the UE in 2004 and 2007 accepted the Euro on the day of their accession. It resulted from the obligation to satisfy the criteria of convergence determined in the treaty on functioning of the UE. At present 17 out of the 27 UE member-states belong to the Euro zone. Poland, as one of the countries entering the UE in the framework of the expansion of 2004 and 2007 is therefore obliged to replace its currency with the Euro. However, the deadline for this project is relatively flexible. Apart from the legal and economic criteria of convergence, there is also a need for carrying out peculiar and efficient steps of the practical nature. They are supposed to help citizens of the member states that joined the Euro zone to adjust themselves to the new legal and factual situation. Those practical steps concern, among others, determination of the relevant period of mandatory dual display of prices. This treatment is to counteract the negative impact of the introduction of the Euro with reference to prices. A very important element in the process of preparing for membership in the Euro zone is to provide banks, traders and retailers with the Euro cash. This usually happens within the last two or three months before the planned introduction of the Euro. It is also important to carry out an appropriate information campaign. At the initial stage, it should be relatively general in nature and subject to a gradual intensification as we approach the date of introduction of the Euro.

10

Rola aktorów niepaństwowych w kształtowaniu bezpieczeństwa

71%

Antczak A.

Środkowoeuropejskie Studia Polityczne

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2017

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issue 3

143-158

EN

The article presents the analysis of the role of non-state actors in shaping global security. It points out the functions performed by states and the observation that their role is gradually diminishing in favor of non-state actors. The article also presents the classification of these actors (governmental and non-governmental organizations, corporations, militias, think-tanks, diasporas, political parties and the Catholic Church) differentiating their significance for international security.

PL

Artykuł przedstawia analizę roli, jaką pełnią różni aktorzy niepaństwowi w kształtowaniu bezpieczeństwa globalnego. Zwraca uwagę na funkcje, jakie obecnie pełnią w tym procesie państwa oraz wskazuje, że ich rola stopniowo maleje na rzecz aktorów pozapaństwowych. Artykuł jednocześnie dostarcza klasyfikację tychże aktorów (organizacje rządowe, pozarządowe, korporacje, grupy zbrojne, think-tanki, diaspory, partie polityczne czy Kościół katolicki), różnicując ich znaczenie dla bezpieczeństwa międzynarodowego.

11

Stosunki międzynarodowe – pojęcie, zakres oraz forma z perspektywy wybranych teorii i podejść badawczych

51%

Molo B.

Krakowskie Studia Międzynarodowe

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2018

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issue 3

13-28

EN

The article discusses the essence of contemporary international relations based on selected definitional approaches, their expanding subject (states, other actors, including transnational ones) and object scope. In particular, the activity of transnational actors leads to the expansion of international relations, which cover more and more new ﬁelds. In addition, the study presents the main forms of rivalry, cooperation and struggle manifestation in international relations in the context of selected research theories and approaches.

PL

Artykuł omawia istotę współczesnych stosunków międzynarodowych w oparciu o wybrane ujęcia definicyjne, ich poszerzający się zakres podmiotowy (państwa; inne podmioty, w tym transnarodowe) i przedmiotowy. Zwłaszcza aktywność podmiotów transnarodowych prowadzi do rozszerzenia się stosunków międzynarodowych, które obejmują coraz to nowe dziedziny. Ponadto opracowanie przedstawia główne formy przejawiania się w stosunków międzynarodowych – rywalizacji, współpracy i walki – w kontekście wybranych teorii i podejść badawczych.

12

Bezpieczeństwo zbiorowe a suwerenność państw

45%

Diallo B. S.

Ruch Prawniczy, Ekonomiczny i Socjologiczny

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2013

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vol. 75

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issue 4

37-50

EN

The subject of these reflections on the contemporary international relations is, on the one hand, sovereignty and, on the other, international security, and the analysis of the relationship between the system of collective security and the sovereignty of states in the context of sustainable peace and stability in the world. States have traditionally been tied to the idea of sovereignty. However, among the most characteristic features of the international relations of our time is the growing number of various types of threats originating in states (e.g. Iran, North Korea), in organisations or other entities (e.g. al-Qaeda). Security and sovereignty are two basic concepts most commonly discussed in literature and international legal doctrine. There are two reasons for that: (i) firstly, the main actors in international relations are states which are sovereign entities and the relations or cooperation between them is based on respect for the principle of that sovereignty, and (ii) secondly, the issue of safety is a key issue and a prerequisite for the performance of fully sovereign rights of these countries, necessary to ensure international cooperation and socio-economic development. This paper discusses the need to institutionalise legitimate use of force in global organisations as well as in their regional structures, and to rapidly and effectively manage situations and conflicts intercept to international peace and security. It also draws special attention to the role and place of international organisations in the maintenance of international peace and security both, at universal, and regional level.

PL

Przedmiotem niniejszych rozważań, dotyczących współczesnych stosunków międzynarodowych są z jednej strony suwerenność, a z drugiej – bezpieczeństwo międzynarodowe oraz analiza związku pomiędzy systemem bezpieczeństwa zbiorowego a suwerennością państw w kontekście utrzymania trwałego pokoju i stabilności na świecie. Państwa są tradycyjnie przywiązane do idei suwerenności, jednakże do najbardziej charakterystycznych cech stosunków międzynarodowych naszych czasów należy narastanie różnego rodzaju zagrożenia, zarówno ze strony państwa (np. Iran, Korea Północna), jak i ze strony innych podmiotów (np. Al-Kaida). Bezpieczeństwo i suwerenność to dwa podstawowe pojęcia w literaturze i doktrynie prawnomiędzynarodowej. Dzieje się tak z dwóch powodów: po pierwsze – głównymi aktorami w stosunkach międzynarodowych są państwa, będące suwerennymi podmiotami, a stosunki czy też współpraca między nimi oparte są w zasadzie na poszanowaniu owej suwerenności; po drugie – kwestia bezpieczeństwa jest podstawowym zagadnieniem i warunkiem niezbędnym do wykonywania w pełni suwerennych praw tychże państw oraz zapewnienia współpracy międzynarodowej i rozwoju społeczno-gospodarczego. W artykule tym poruszono również problem konieczności instytucjonalizacji legalnego użycia siły, zarówno w organizacjach ogólnoświatowych, jak i na gruncie struktur regionalnych organizacji międzynarodowych, aby szybko i skutecznie zarządzać sytuacjami i konfliktami zagrażającymi pokojowi i bezpieczeństwu międzynarodowemu. W artykule zwrócono również szczególną uwagę na rolę i miejsce organizacji międzynarodowych w procesie utrzymania pokoju i bezpieczeństwa międzynarodowego, zarówno na poziomie ogólnoświatowym, jak i regionalnym.

13

Інноваційні підходи до управління розвитком олімпійського спорту (на прикладі маркетингової компанії олімпіади в Сочі)

45%

Savchenko V. G., Sazonets V. I.

European Journal of Management Issues

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2013

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issue 2

24-32

EN

The experience is studied of the world’s leading sports and is analyzed the economicsituation in Ukraine, which has a significant impact on the operation and developmentof Olympic sports and the sports industry. The importance of optimally using funds ofsports organizations is revealed. The directions of cooperation of managers and marketers in the sport, on raising sponsorship funds for innovative approaches are considered. The experience of preparing for the Olympics in Sochi in 2014 is studied

UK

Вивчено досвід провідних спортивних держав світу і проаналізовано економіч-ну ситуацію в Україні, яка істотно впливає на функціонування та розвиток олім-пійських видів спорту й індустрії спорту в цілому. Виявлено значення оптимального використання наявних коштів, що є у спортивних організацій. Розглянуто напрями співпраці менеджерів та маркетологів у спорті з питань залучення спонсорських коштів на інноваційних підходах. Вивчено досвід підготовки до проведення Олімпіади в Сочі-2014.

14

Legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan to Ensure Economic and Socio-political Stability in the Republic of Kazakhstan During a Pandemic

45%

Zabikh S.

Środkowoeuropejskie Studia Polityczne

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2021

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issue 4

45-59

PL

W pracy autor analizuje trudną sytuację na świecie związaną z rozprzestrzenianiem się koronawirusa. Pandemia negatywnie wpłynęła na wszystkie sfery życia człowieka i znacząco pogorszyła stan gospodarek wielu państw. Rządy tych państw przeznaczyły gigantyczne środki na walkę z pandemią koronawirusa, a także aby poprawić swoją sytuację gospodarczą i ustabilizować sytuację na świecie. Autor artykułu analizuje prawo i regulacje przyjęte przez Republikę Kazachstanu, które ukierunkowano na walkę przeciwko rozprzestrzenianiu się wirusa i poprawienie sytuacji społecznej oraz politycznej w państwie. Epidemia koronawirusa negatywnie wpłynęła na funkcjonowanie przedsiębiorstw, w związku z czym firmy z różnych sektorów musiały zakończyć działalność, wskutek czego wiele osób straciło pracę. To zaś prowadziło do dalszego pogorszenia sytuacji społecznej i politycznej tego państwa. Z tego powodu przyjęto rozwiązania prawne na rzecz poprawy tej sytuacji. Autor bada także doświadczenia innych państw płynące z walki z pandemią koronawirusa. W tym celu korzysta z analizy porównawczej.

EN

In this article, the author analyzes the difficult situation in the world associated with the spread of the coronavirus. The pandemic negatively affected all spheres of human life and significantly worsened the economic condition of many states. Their governments have spent colossal funds to combat the coronavirus pandemic, improve their economies, and stabilize the political situation in the world. The author analyzes laws and regulations adopted by the Republic of Kazakhstan, aimed at combating the spread of the coronavirus, improving the social and political situation in the country. The coronavirus pandemic has had a negative impact on business. Thus, companies in various sectors began to close, and many people lost their jobs. That has led to further deterioration in the social and political situation in the country. Therefore, laws were adopted to stabilize the situation in Kazakhstan. The author also examines the experience of other states in the fight against the coronavirus pandemic and conducts a comparative analysis.

Refine search results

Rola gubernatora stanowego w australijskim systemie konstytucyjnym

The role of traditional and new international relations actors in addressing climate change

Commonly Misused Terms: War, Armed Conflict, Civil War and Military Coup D’Etat

Topological Modelling of Grammatical and Lexical Aspect in English

Topological Modelling of Grammatical and Lexical Aspect in English

Constructing catalogue of temporal situations

Lech Kacprzak, Jacek Knopek (red.), Bezpieczeństwo państw a procesy migracyjne

State-level Taylor rule and monetary policy stress

„Nowe państwa członkowskie” w strefie euro – doświadczenia dla Polski

Rola aktorów niepaństwowych w kształtowaniu bezpieczeństwa

Stosunki międzynarodowe – pojęcie, zakres oraz forma z perspektywy wybranych teorii i podejść badawczych

Bezpieczeństwo zbiorowe a suwerenność państw

Інноваційні підходи до управління розвитком олімпійського спорту (на прикладі маркетингової компанії олімпіади в Сочі)

Legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan to Ensure Economic and Socio-political Stability in the Republic of Kazakhstan During a Pandemic