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1

Ratusz w małych miastach polskich w XV–XVI wieku

100%

Bartoszewicz A.

Roczniki Dziejów Społecznych i Gospodarczych

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2014

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vol. 74

EN

The town hall in small Polish towns from the 15th to the 16th century(Summary) This article attempts to find an answer to the question about the presence and role of town halls in very small and small Polish towns (i.e. in centres with a population of from several hundred to just over one thousand people) in the 15th to 16th centuries. Notes made in the town’s ledgers, which included expenses related to the functioning of the town halls, as well as all other mention of such halls in the town’s books and in surveys were analysed. Based on these meagre sources it is difficult to answer with any certainty the question about when the construction of town halls in small centres began. This phenomenon was visible from at least the mid-15th century, although some of the towns of interest to us already had town halls earlier – in the first half of the 15th century. The town hall was perceived by everyone as being a significant element attesting to the fact that a given centre could be called a town. Although the construction and then the maintenance of this attribute of urban culture required both financial means and organization which often exceeded the abilities of small town communities, the desire to build town halls and the planning of such enterprises are clearly visible. Town halls in smaller towns had reduced functions compared with those in large centres; however, far-reaching analogies can be observed. Apart from a residential function, the town halls in small towns served as archives, sometimes also as prisons, it is where trading was conducted, meetings held, and where information was exchanged.

2

Materiały do działalności sejmiku kijowskiego z II poł. XVII w. w księgach grodzkich dawnego województwa kijowskiego

89%

Stolicki J.

Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica

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2022

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vol. 21

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issue 1

433-453

EN

The holdings of the Central State Historical Archives of Ukraine in Kyiv include the castrum records of the former Kievan palatinate. In the mid-nineteenth century, they were collected by the Russian government and deposited in the newly created archive. Those records have been maintained since 1566, the date of the major legal and political reforms in Lithuania. In particular, they include the records of the second half of the seventeenth century, when the palatinate dietine was held in Włodzimierz. The Kievan nobility prevailed in their desires to preserve the castrum records from destruction, and to have a revision carried out after the wars with the Cossacks and Muscovy, in accordance with the constitutions of 1658 and 1661. Judicial reforms have also been necessary, since Kyiv (the traditional seat of the courts) remained in the hands of Muscovy. The article discusses the resolves of the Kievan palatinate dietines regarding the revision of records, and the results of the query of the Żytomierz, Owrucz, and Kyiv castrum records from the exile period. The state of preservation of those records is presented on the basis of contemporary sources. These records were compared with the information from the contemporary inventory and an archival query conducted by the author /Annex II/. The records of Żytomierz and Owrucz are preserved partially. The Kyiv records predating 1648 were seized by Muscovy. After 1684, new Kyiv records collections has been established, which is still kept in the archives in Kyiv. The sources for the history of the sejmik of Kyiv, which can be found in these books, are presented in the article.

PL

W Centralnym Państwowym Archiwum Historycznym Ukrainy w Kijowie znajdują się księgi grodzkie dawnego województwa kijowskiego. W połowie XIX w. zostały zebrane przez zaborcę i oddane na przechowanie do nowo utworzonego archiwum. Były one prowadzone od 1566 r., kiedy na Litwie przeprowadzono reformy. Pochodzą także z II poł. XVII w., kiedy sejmik województwa odbywał się we Włodzimierzu. Szlachta kijowska dążyła, aby po wojnach z Kozakami i Moskwą księgi grodzkie były zabezpieczone przed zniszczeniem, a następnie została przeprowadzona ich rewizja. Sejmy w 1658 i w 1661 r. uchwaliły w tym celu także konstytucje. Konieczne było również przeprowadzenie zmian, w wyniku których usprawniono sądownictwo, ponieważ Kijów (miejsce sądów) znajdował się w rękach moskiewskich. W artykule zwrócono uwagę na postanowienia sejmików województwa kijowskiego w instrukcjach i laudach dotyczące rewizji ksiąg. Przeprowadzono kwerendę w księgach grodzkich żytomierskich, owruckich i kijowskich z czasów wygnania. Przedstawiono stan ich zachowania na podstawie ówczesnych źródeł. Porównano te zapisy z informacjami ze współczesnego inwentarza i przeprowadzoną przez autora kwerendą (aneks II). Księgi żytomierskie i owruckie częściowo zachowały się. Księgi kijowskie sprzed 1648 r. zostały zagarnięte przez Moskwę. Po roku 1684 zaczęto prowadzić nowe księgi kijowskie, które do dziś znajdują się w zasobie archiwum w Kijowie. Przedstawiono źródła do dziejów sejmiku kijowskiego, które znajdują się w tych księgach.

3

Marcin Starzyński, Średniowieczny Kazimierz, jego ustrój i kancelaria, Towarzystwo Naukowe „Societas Vistulana”, seria Monografie Towarzystwa Naukowego „Societas Vistulan”, t. 3, Kraków 2015, ss. 183

71%

Wójtowicz A.

Archiwa – Kancelarie – Zbiory

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2016

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issue 7(9)

255-261

4

Prussian Registers of the Proscribed/Outlaws as a Source for Research on Violence in Everyday Life of a Town in the Late Middle Ages

71%

Jeziorski P. A.

Zapiski Historyczne

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2019

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vol. 84

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issue 3

7-29

EN

The main purpose of the presented text is an attempt to demonstrate the usefulness of the registers of outlaws established in late medieval Prussian cities for the research on the issue of the presence of violence in the everyday life of Prussia’s inhabitants. The primary sources used in the article consisted of preserved registers from Prussian cities governed according to the rules of the Chełmno law (Bartoszyce, Chełmno, the New Town of Toruń) or the Lübeck law (the Old Town of Braniewo, Elbląg). The starting point for further analysis was the discussion of the basic differences between proscription (administrative coercion and procedural measure, aimed at forcing the accused to appear before the court) and banishment (temporary or lifelong exile from a specific territory). What the author also addresses in the text is the question: how the proscription, by the virtue of the Lübeck law, acquired a much more repressive character (exhibiting features typical of punishment). Subsequently, the characteristics of the preserved Prussian registers of outlaws (14th–16th centuries) were analyzed in terms of their usefulness for research. Attention was drawn to the shortcomings of these primary sources, primarily to their incompleteness (to a greater or lesser extent); the reasons for this situation were presented as well. Given these shortcomings, an attempt was made to demonstrate the usefulness of the preserved registers in historical investigations. It was pointed out that they could be used for research, e.g. on the origins of conflicts among specific socio-professional groups, the character of women’s participation in acts of violence, or the attitude of municipal authorities towards cases of violence against representatives of the social margin. The article also refers to forms of verbal aggression and physical violence, also with the use of dangerous tools.

5

Prussian Registers of the Proscribed/Outlaws as a Source for Research on Violence in Everyday Life of a Town in the Late Middle Ages

71%

Jeziorski P. A.

|

EN

The main purpose of the presented text is an attempt to demonstrate the usefulness of the registers of outlaws established in late medieval Prussian cities for the research on the issue of the presence of violence in the everyday life of Prussia’s inhabitants. The primary sources used in the article consisted of preserved registers from Prussian cities governed according to the rules of the Chełmno law (Bartoszyce, Chełmno, the New Town of Toruń) or the Lübeck law (the Old Town of Braniewo, Elbląg). The starting point for further analysis was the discussion of the basic differences between proscription (administrative coercion and procedural measure, aimed at forcing the accused to appear before the court) and banishment (temporary or lifelong exile from a specific territory). What the author also addresses in the text is the question: how the proscription, by the virtue of the Lübeck law, acquired a much more repressive character (exhibiting features typical of punishment). Subsequently, the characteristics of the preserved Prussian registers of outlaws (14th–16th centuries) were analyzed in terms of their usefulness for research. Attention was drawn to the shortcomings of these primary sources, primarily to their incompleteness (to a greater or lesser extent); the reasons for this situation were presented as well. Given these shortcomings, an attempt was made to demonstrate the usefulness of the preserved registers in historical investigations. It was pointed out that they could be used for research, e.g. on the origins of conflicts among specific socio-professional groups, the character of women’s participation in acts of violence, or the attitude of municipal authorities towards cases of violence against representatives of the social margin. The article also refers to forms of verbal aggression and physical violence, also with the use of dangerous tools.

6

Jména měšťanů České Lípy zapsaná v nejstarší městské knize z let 1461 až 1722

62%

Casková M.

Acta onomastica

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2017

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vol. 58

158-164

EN

This study deals with names of townsmen of Česká Lípa, which are enrolled in the oldest preserved town book in the years 1461–1722. The interpretation of the names is very difficult. In this town book we can find 1 475 records, out of which 1 312 records deal with granting of towns law. Around 1 378 people are included among townsmen. The precise number of townsmen is not easy to determine. We can find a lot of male names – the most favourite name was Hans – and a lot of female names – the name Anna is most favourite. Surnames were not fixed in the Middle Ages or in the Modern Times. We cannot ascertain the ethnicity of the townsmen. It is impossible, because scribes wrote into the town book at their discretion.

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1 Acta onomastica

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1 Zapiski Historyczne

2 Jeziorski P. A.

1 Bartoszewicz A.

1 Casková M.

1 Stolicki J.

1 Wójtowicz A.

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Ratusz w małych miastach polskich w XV–XVI wieku

Materiały do działalności sejmiku kijowskiego z II poł. XVII w. w księgach grodzkich dawnego województwa kijowskiego

Marcin Starzyński, Średniowieczny Kazimierz, jego ustrój i kancelaria, Towarzystwo Naukowe „Societas Vistulana”, seria Monografie Towarzystwa Naukowego „Societas Vistulan”, t. 3, Kraków 2015, ss. 183

Prussian Registers of the Proscribed/Outlaws as a Source for Research on Violence in Everyday Life of a Town in the Late Middle Ages

Prussian Registers of the Proscribed/Outlaws as a Source for Research on Violence in Everyday Life of a Town in the Late Middle Ages

Jména měšťanů České Lípy zapsaná v nejstarší městské knize z let 1461 až 1722