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EN
The idea of coeducation has found its meaningful place within the Polish legal system. Coeducation of children with their peers who suffer from various disabilities is aimed at facilitating the development of all children and strengthening social diversity which is a part of the biographic identity of every individual. Studies regarding the effects of such coeducation showed multiple disturbing phenomena which result from formal and mental conditions. We still observe unsatisfactory level of participation among challenged children in the school events, apparent acceptation within that environment or even ostracization. The following article, with its subject matter, fits into the effects of coeducation. By studying the assessment of independence of fully-abled and challenged children, as well as their position within the classroom group, the author tries to establish whether taking actions thta facilitate school integration and coeducation to break down the boarders and neutralize all interpersonal tension, can bear fruit in a form of lack of division.
PL
Idea integracji szkolnej znalazła w polskim systemie prawnym swoje znaczące miejsce. Wspólna edukacja dzieci pełnosprawnych i niepełnosprawnych miała na celu wszechstronny rozwój wszystkich dzieci i społeczne umocnienie różnorodności, która jest wpisana w biograficzną tożsamość każdego człowieka. Badania efektów edukacji w integracji wskazały na wiele niepokojących zjawisk, które są konsekwencją formalnych i mentalnych uwarunkowań. Nadal obserwuje się niezadowalający poziom uczestniczenia dzieci z niepełnosprawnością w życiu szkoły, pozorną akceptację otoczenia albo wręcz wykluczenie. Niniejszy artykuł wpisuje się swoją tematyką w efekty integracji. Poddając badaniu ocenę własnej samodzielności przez dzieci pełnosprawne i niepełnosprawne oraz ich pozycję w klasie szkolnej, podjęto próbę odpowiedzi na pytanie o to, czy działania na polu integracji szkolnej, by przekraczać granice i neutralizować wszelkie międzygrupowe napięcia, przynoszą efekty w postaci braku podziałów.
EN
Issues of normalisation, autonomy and self-determination of people with intellectual disabilities in special education have already taken their fixed place. The consequence of this continuing discourse is the personal nature of disability, international, timeless declarations and modifications of already established rights. Recently, the emancipatory trend is gaining in importance in this discourse. It remains in close correlation with the primary objective of educating people with intellectual disabilities, which is comprehensive preparation for life. It is a form of conscious self-reliance, self-knowledge and the capacity to take autonomous action. One of the areas of development of self-reliance is work. The resulting interpersonal and intrapersonal experiences can become the path to emancipation. Sometimes one that goes beyond the standards of rehabilitation.
PL
The problem of normalization, autonomy and self-determination of people with intellectual disabilities in special education has already taken its place. The consequence of this continuing discourse is the personal nature of disability, international, timeless declarations and modifications of already established rights. Recently, the emancipatory trend is gaining in importance in this discourse. It remains in close correlation with the primary objective of educating people with intellectual disabilities which is comprehensive preparation for life. It is a form of conscious self-reliance, self-knowledge and capacity to take autonomous action. One of the areas of development of self-reliance is work. The resulting interpersonal and intrapersonal experiences can become the path to emancipation. Sometimes, one that goes beyond the standards of rehabilitation.
PL
Irena Ramik-Mażewska, Employer’s Assistant – new value in employing persons with disabilities. Interdisciplinary Contexts of Special Pedagogy, no. 27, Poznań 2019. Pp. 417–432. Adam Mickiewicz University Press. ISSN 2300-391X. e-ISSN 2658-283X. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14746/ikps.2019.27.20 The purpose of this article is to present the initiative of the West Pomeranian Voivodeship in Poland, which is aimed at increasing the professional activity of persons with disabilities. The developed and tested model of the employer’s assistant is, in the special pedagogy, a new quality directed towards the labour market. The Employer’s Assistant does not deal, in essence, only with a person with a disability, but mainly with the environment of employers to hire persons that suffer from disabilities. In the article, I refer to the assistant of the disabled person as a result of the biopsychosocial model of disability, which creates a great opening to the discussion on various models of assistance. I would like to point out the specific consequences of the lack of employment among people with disabilities. I present the premises of the employer’s assistant model and the evaluation of its effectiveness, the main consequence of which is the ability to build social capital of persons with disabilities. By cooperating with many environments, the employer’s assistant develops specific social behavioural patterns and becomes a foundation of social activity of persons with disabilities.
EN
Education is a complex process. Very often it is defined as a general set of action aimed at education, which comprised of aims and rules. Exemplification of education are educational institutions, and educational programmes on each its level. Among many of its aims the most crucial is leading the individual to full independence. Independence is a complex process, demanding not only the example but also own and very often verified experiences. Experiences, which allow the individual to recognize own possibilities, needs and roles, which are going to be fulfilled. Independence allows then for asking questions concerning oneself, own place among others, and these always stay in a close bond to own identity. In special education the subject of identity gain greater significance. Pedagogues concentrate mainly on language expression and on actions, by which disabled are expressing themselves. More important become examining if undertaken educational actions allow disabled to perceive themselves as independent individuals. Are they equipped with emancipated, inner strategies of controlling? Or, another way round, is their independence controlled from outside and depends on retrieving inner patterns of behaviours?
EN
The contemporary educational research methodology can boast of following the trends aimed at changing paradigms so as to create new research orientations. Traditionally, special education concentrates on researching the methods of influencing the disabled as individuals. Yet, at present, the recognition of philosophical, ethical and biological groundings of special education in the context of globalization seems a more tangible approach. Neither is disability a social taboo, nor its discussion can any longerignore such topics as the quality of education for the disabled or the quality of their lives. This provides researchers with a broader cognitive perspective as regards the point of view of people with disabilities. One such point of view is everyday life.
PL
W metodologii badań pedagogicznych dostrzec można istotne trendy prowadzące do zmiany paradygmatów i tworzenia nowych orientacji badawczych. Pedagogika specjalna w tradycyjnym ujęciu skłaniała się ku badaniom nad sposobami oddziaływania na jednostki dotknięte niepełnosprawnością. Obecnie ważniejsze wydaje się być zdążanie w kierunku rozpoznawania podstaw filozoficznych, etycznych i biologicznych pedagogiki specjalnej z uwzględnieniem szczególnych warunków jakie stwarza globalizacja. Niepełnosprawność przestała być społecznym tabu, zrodził się dyskurs na bardzo szerokim kontinuum od jakości edukacji osób niepełnosprawnych po jakość ich życia. Stwarza to badaczom coraz szersze pole do poznawania świata osób niepełnosprawnych z perspektywy osób niepełnosprawnych. Jedną z takich perspektyw jest niewątpliwie codzienność.
PL
W artykule zwrócono uwagę na problematykę osób z niepełnosprawnościami w Polsce w perspektywie zmiany. Odniesiono się do Strategii na rzecz Osób z Niepełnosprawnościami 2021–2030, która jest kolejną swoistą obietnicą widzialności, słyszalności i bycia podmiotem. Zakres planowanych w niej działań ma rozległy charakter, wiąże się z powołaniem wielu instytucji, bardzo szerokim polem dostępności przestrzeni społecznej, wsparcia i opieki. Dokument budzi nadzieję i obawy. Nadzieję, że pozytywna zmiana nadejdzie. Obawy, że spośród wielu słów i zapisów nie wynurzy się oczekiwane.
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