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Arka. W Stronę Społecznej Historii Galerii Labirynt i BWA Lublin (1969–1993)

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Banasiak J.
Sztuka i Dokumentacja
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2022
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issue 27
257-283
EN
Labirynt Gallery and BWA Lublin Gallery (BWA - Bureau of Artistic Exhibitions), despite its undeniable role in the history of Polish art in the seventies and eighties, has not yet become the subject of in-depth research. Instead, it has become a myth, the core of which is the belief that the Labirynt Gallery and BWA Lublin Gallery was a kind of extraterritorial place in the era of the People's Republic of Poland (PRL), excluded from the operation of cultural policy – and thus exempt from boycott after martial low imposed on December 13, 1981. This myth (like any) was constructed ex post, in this case on the grounds of the anti-communist hegemony that dominated the public discourse – including art history – after 1989. In this article, I propose to look at the history of the Labirynt Gallery and BWA Lublin Gallery in 1969–1993 through the social history paradigm. It is an approach that assumes that under communism the relations of power and society are much more complicated than the binary model of enslavement and resistance depicts. Rather, it is a kind of web of interactions, tensions and tactics in which social actors have more or less, but real, agency. In this view, communism is also a broad modernization project, whose agenda included a range of solutions supported by different social strata. I try to use this perspective to show the whole complexity of the functioning of the Labirynt Gallery and BWA Lublin Gallery during the era of the People's Republic of Poland (PRL). Based on extensive source material, so far unexplored, I put forward the thesis that Labirynt Gallery and BWA Lublin Gallery was fully subject to the policy of the authorities. In turn, these were either favorable or indifferent towards it. Director Andrzej Mroczek did not even have to negotiate his program. This is particularly evident in the case of the BWA Lublin Gallery, an institution much more exposed and dependent on local and central authorities than the Labirynt Gallery, which operated as a part of local community center (dom kultury). As I show, in the eighties BWA Lublin Gallery was continuously developing: opening more branches, implementing the established program, smoothly cooperating with the CBWA Gallery. Also, cooperation with the local and central authorities was exemplary. The article tries to show that Andrzej Mroczek was not a dissident (like the myth says), but a political realist. In this vein, I propose to speak of BWA Lublin Gallery as an ‘ark’ for an artistic movement which was dramatically weak institutionally, while politically it was completely indifferent. The Lublin 'harbor' allowed it not only to survive, but also to develop.
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„Pozycja prawie idealna”. Związek Polskich Artystów Plastyków wobec przemian politycznych, kryzysu gospodarczego i napięć środowiskowych w latach 1980–1981

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Banasiak J.
Artium Quaestiones
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2021
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issue 32
295-328
EN
This paper examines the participation of the Polish Artists' Union in the complex transformation of communist Poland in 1980–1981 . It is one of the most mythologized phenomena in Polish art history. The main approach to this period assumes that before the of “Solidarity” movement uprising, the Polish Artists' Union was totally dependent on the communist authorities. Then, after August 1980, the Union was to become idealistic, anti-communist organization. The following paper recognizes this kind of historiographical narrative as an example of the 'totalitarian model'. It is a model based on a simple, binary vision of the communist system as a field of permanent struggle between “innocent” society and “oppressive”, omnipotent authorities. The  analysis presented here uses the perspective of social history (Sheila Fitzpatrick et al.). From this perspective, communism is viewed as a complex tangle of active, causative social actors (groups and individuals), who could be politically engaged, but may not be. One of those actors was the Polish Artists' Union. Based on various kinds of sources, I show how the Union tried to take the optimal political position after August 1980. To examine this issue I use two types of political mentality, which dominated in those days in the Party, in “Solidarity”, and also in the Union. One is termed “fundamental”, and treats politics in terms of morality, dignity, and so on. The other is called “pragmatic”, and is focused on institutional games, while also allowing compromises or concessions. To track the dynamics of how the Union functioned from August 1980 until martial law was declared (in December 1981), I introduce a division into three phases of the Solidarity revolution: September-December 1980, January-July 1981, and September-December 1981. An analysis of the Union's documents, art magazines, and Party's documents (both official and internal), shows that after the first phase, the Polish Artists' Union was ready to join  the new configuration of power, based on Solidarity and the Polish United Workers' Party agreement. According to David Ost's theory, I define this project as a “neo-corporatist” model of the state socialism in the art system.    
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Wokół problemów semantycznej kategorii określoności/nieokreśloności i struktury tematyczno-rematycznej w języku bułgarskim i polskim

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Banasiak J.
Slavica Lodziensia
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2018
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vol. 2
45-50
EN
The paper discusses the interplay between the semantic category of definiteness/indefiniteness and thematic-rhematic structure. Special attention is paid to the semantic requirements that must be met by phrases that may undergo thematization. The “thematizability” of both general and unique phrases is stressed and considered an argument in favour of the common treatment of generality and uniqueness.
PL
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Kilka uwag o formalizacji argumentu propozycjonalnego pCaus w zdaniach z przyimkowymi kauzatywnymi wyrażeniami predykatywnymi w języku bułgarskim

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Banasiak J.
Slavia Meridionalis
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2018
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vol. 18
EN
Some remarks on the formalization of the propositional argument pCaus in sentences with prepositional causative predicative expressions in Bulgarian The paper focuses on the means of expressing propositional arguments in sentences with prepositional causative predicative expressions. Special attention is devoted to the causal argument (pCaus) and the processes of syntactic condensation and decondensation. Kilka uwag o formalizacji argumentu propozycjonalnego pCaus w zdaniach z przyimkowymi kauzatywnymi wyrażeniami predykatywnymi w języku bułgarskim W artykule skoncentrowano się na środkach wyrażania argumentów propozycjonalnych w zdaniach z przyimkowymi kauzatywnymi wyrażeniami predykatywnymi. Więcej miejsca poświęcono argumentowi przyczynowemu (pCaus) oraz procesom kondensacji i dekondensacji składniowej.
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Synonymy and search synonymy in an IR system (on the basis of linguistic terminology and the iSybislaw system)

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Banasiak J.
Studia z Filologii Polskiej i Słowiańskiej
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2014
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vol. 49
EN
Synonymy and search synonymy in an IR system (on the basis of linguistic terminology and the iSybislaw system)The paper focuses on some problems of synonymy in the linguistic terminology and solutions for the optimal representation of information in the structure of an IR language. Linguistic terms in addition to metalinguistic meaning also carry some meta-scientific information (e.g. on the methodological school). It is thus possible that two different terms refer to the same linguistic phenomenon within various research trends. The issue of usage is also addressed here (including idiolectal preferences). The above phenomena on the one hand and various user information needs on the other result in some significant difficulties in the work on the optimization of IR in iSybislaw.
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Wbudowane pozycje argumentowe a intensjonalna zupełność propozycji

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Banasiak J.
Slavia Meridionalis
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2010
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vol. 10
EN
Built in argument positions and the propositions intensional completenessThe paper discusses issues concerning the potential influence of built in argument positions on the propositions intensional completeness. According to the chosen scientific approach the distribution of determiners is a reflex of the propositions completeness, there seem to exist however such structures in which one of the argument positions is blocked due to being built into the predicate. The intensional value of such positions may vary and theoretically reflect the propositions definiteness / indefiniteness (intensional completeness). Predicates such as: търся implicate a locative argument position, which is inherently indefinite, but does not seem to reflect the distribution of determiners.
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Międzynarodowa konferencja naukowa "Мови Європи в стані оновлення" (Kijów, 20-21 kwietnia 2016)

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Banasiak J.
Studia z Filologii Polskiej i Słowiańskiej
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2016
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vol. 51
EN
International scientific conference Мови Європи в стані оновлення (Kiev, 20–21 April 2016)The article is a report from an international scientific conference, organised on 20–21 April 2016 in Kiev by the Institute of the Ukrainian Language, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. The conference, entitled Мови Європи в стані оновлення, was devoted to innovations in European languages, including especially the Slavic languages. Międzynarodowa konferencja naukowa Мови Європи в стані оновлення (Kijów, 20–21 kwietnia 2016)Artykuł stanowi relację z międzynarodowej konferencji naukowej zorganizowanej w dniach 20–21 kwietnia 2016 roku w Kijowie przez Instytut Języka Ukraińskiego Narodowej Akademii Nauk Ukrainy. Konferencja, zatytułowana Мови Європи в стані оновлення, poświęcona była innowacjom w językach Europy, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem języków słowiańskich.
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Wykorzystanie zasobów bibliograficznych przez instytucje kultury czy ich integracja (na przykładzie systemu iSybislaw)

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Kowalski P., Fastyn M., Banasiak J.
Archiwa – Kancelarie – Zbiory
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2018
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issue 9(11)
96-108
PL
W artykule przedstawiono refleksję nad stanem i perspektywami współpracy między twórcami współczesnych bibliografii w środowisku cyfrowym a instytucjami kultury, takimi jak: wydawnictwa, biblioteki, repozytoria, archiwa. Wskazano perspektywy i rozwiązania wybranych problemów dotyczących współpracy między tymi podmiotami na przykładzie tworzonego w Instytucie Slawistyki PAN systemu informacyjno-wyszukiwawczego iSybislaw. Zasoby informacyjne systemu wykorzystywane są w wydawnictwach naukowych (Wydawnictwo Instytutu Slawistyki PAN), różnego typu repozytoriach tekstów pisanych i mówionych, bibliotekach i portalach instytucjonalnych. Omówione zostały modele integracji tych zasobów. Rozważania prowadzą do wniosków, że obecnie, gdy coraz więcej bibliografii funkcjonuje w środowisku cyfrowym, konieczna jest ścisła współpraca i integracja z instytucjami kultury. Pozwala ona zwiększyć grono odbiorców informacji bibliograficznej, która stanowi skarbnicę wiedzy i dziedzictwa kulturowego. W przypadku systemu iSybislaw dzięki integracji zwiększa się grono odbiorców tematów i nurtów związanych z badaniami wszystkich języków słowiańskich. W zastosowanym w systemie języku słów kluczowych możliwe jest pokazanie bogactwa terminologii we wszystkich językach słowiańskich, rozwoju slawistyki na przestrzeni dziejów, trendów we współczesnej Słowiańszczyźnie. Związków – coraz szerszych – językoznawstwa z innymi naukami, w tym m.in. z antropologią, socjologią, psychologią, historią, nauką o literaturze, kulturoznawstwem.
EN
The article reflects on the state of and perspectives for cooperation between creators of contemporary bibliographies in digital environment and cultural institutions, like publishing houses, libraries, repositories, archives. The text points out perspectives and chosen problems solutions concerning cooperation between these entities, using the example of the information retrieval system iSybislaw, created by the Institute of Slavic Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences. Information resources of the system are used by scientific publishers (Publishing House of the Institute of Slavic Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences), various types of repositories of written and oral texts, libraries, and institutional portals. The article describes models of integrating these resources. Deliberations led to the conclusion, that nowadays, when growing number of bibliographies work in digital environments, there is a need for close cooperation and integration with cultural institutions. It would lead to broadening the circle of recipients of bibliographic information, which is a treasury of knowledge and cultural heritage. In the case of the iSybislaw system, integration led to growing number of recipients of topics and trends connected with studies of all Slavic languages. The keywords language used in the system enabled presentation of richness of terminology in all Slavic languages, historical development of Slavic studies, trends in contemporary Slavic territory, as well as growing connections between linguistics and other sciences, e.g. anthropology, sociology, psychology, history, literary studies, cultural studies.
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