Search results

1

Psychological profile of female students with a tendency to anorexia nervosa

100%

Shpakou A., Kovalevskiy V., Klimatckaya3 L., Zaitseva O., Janocha A.

Family Medicine & Primary Care Review

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2017

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issue 4

399-403

2

The Earth, the Pillar and the Stone: Does Testing the Female Mean Empowering the Female in Valmiki’s Ramayana, Shakespeare’s the Winter’s Tale and the Turkish Tale Sitti Nusret?

100%

Raducanu A.

Gender Studies

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2012

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vol. 11

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issue Supplement

35-54

EN

This chapter discusses three memorable female characters: Sita from Valmiki’s Ramayana, Hermione from Shakespeare’s The Winter’s Tale and Sitti Nusret from the eponymous Turkish fairytale. It will focus on the universality of the many trials that the characters have to undergo, in order to prove their innocence, chastity and capacity to endure, both in front of their male counterparts and society at large.

3

Effect of sildenafil citrate on women affected by sexual dysfunction referred to health clinics

100%

Zeinalzadeh S., Akbarzadeh M., Faridi P., Mohagheghzadeh A. A., Sayadi M.

Family Medicine & Primary Care Review

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2017

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issue 2

167-172

4

Szaleństwo, taniec, spektakl. Anomalie kobiecości w Balu wariatek w Salpêtrière Gabrieli Zapolskiej

88%

Nowicka D.

Prace Literaturoznawcze

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2018

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issue 6

115-124

EN

This article focuses on the central motif of female madness in Gabriela Zapolska’s Madwomen’sBall in Salpêtrière from the year 1892. It aims to present the uniqueness of feminine perspective andthe way in which observations are recorded after the meeting with untypical heroines. The presentationof individual patients as well as the reality of the psychiatric hospital help to depict moral andethical issues connected with the incidents described in the text. The motifs of dance and madnessare seen as elements of female emancipation in Zapolska’s shocking essay and allow for presentingthe double discrimination of disordered women in the 19th century.

5

Assessing of mouflon biochemical parameters depending on genders

88%

Pošiváková T., Hromada R., Švajlenka J., Pošivák J.

Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis Studia Naturae

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2018

EN

The aim of our study was to evaluate the selected biochemical parameters of mouflon depending on gender. For research were used thirty mouflons of both sexes with approximate age in winter season. Blood samples for biochemical analysis were taken from vena jugularis for determination of selected biochemical parameter. Biochemical indicators were measured using the standard automatic analyser. The results of statistical testing of selected biochemical parameters in the experimental group of animals confirmed differences between the genders and at the selected biochemical parameters.

6

Analyses of Female Experiences in Two African Short Stories: The Feminist Theory Approach

88%

Worugji G. E., Ekpe S. I.

International Journal of Pedagogy, Innovation and New Technologies

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2019

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vol. 6(1)

45-49

EN

Many African societies are patriarchal, based on the supremacy of the male over the female. According to Mba (2009, p.322), “emancipation of females is one of the greatest achievements of the women’s struggle globally”. As a continent, African culture accords a superior status to the male such that strength, freedom, independence, honour, courage and other positive attributes are ascribed to the male gender, while attributes of weakness, fear, dependence among others are ascribed to the female gender. Crimes of less magnitude are considered as “female” crimes and attract less stiff punishment. The killing of Ezeudu’s first son by Okonkwo in Chinua Achebe’s Things Fall Apart for example, is described as a female crime. On the nature of the crime, Achebe writes “the crime was of two kinds, male and female, Okonkwo committed the female because it had been inadvertent. He could return to the clan after some years” (p.87). In this paper, the Feminist theory is used to examine the portraiture of females in two short stories by two African female writers. In this article, the family is categorise as a fundamental part of the social life of Africans, it attempts to expose the bias of African culture against the female in favour of the male, and consider how this social reality impacts negatively on the female psyche. The stories reveal that women themselves aggravate the situation by working against themselves. We conclude that female empowerment is a must for all females, and that just as governments are projecting education for all by the year 2020, the women’s movement should also target education for all females by the year 2020, because as the stories reveal, the educated female character fares better in the society than her less literate counterpart.

7

Manifesty cyborgów: awangardowa wizja fuzji kobiety z maszyną (Hannah Höch — Giannina Censi — Mina Harker)

88%

Marcela M.

Zagadnienia Rodzajów Literackich

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2018

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vol. 61

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issue 2(126)

63-73

EN

In Cyborg Manifesto Donna Haraway writes: “cyborgs (…) make very problematic the statuses of man or woman, human, artefact, member of a race, individual entity, or body”. This paper returns to the very beginning of thinking about this figure and examines the first protocyborg images created by Futurist and Dada female artists. I also look at Dracula’s Mina Harker as one of the first Western protocyborg figures. I ask to what extent such images anticipated the new forms of subjectivity and how they made the relation between human-nature and human-technology problematic as well as thinking in categories of gender.

8

Female Sport Participation In South African Rural Schools: Analysis Of Socio-Cultural Constraints

88%

Kubayi N. A.

European Review Of Applied Sociology

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2015

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vol. 8

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issue 10

6-10

EN

This study was carried out to examine constraints to sport participation among female secondary school students in Hlanganani rural area, Limpopo Province, South Africa. A total of 101 female students aged 17–24 years from four secondary schools were recruited to participate in the study. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Results indicated that the dress code, lack of energy, lack of family support and family commitment were identified as major constraints to sport participation among female students. The results of this study provide practical implications for promoting and developing female sports programmes in rural schools. This study suggests that stakeholders such as parents, peers, and teachers should motivate and encourage female students to participate in school sport. Additionally, the study recommended that in order to promote sport participation in rural areas, the values, norms, beliefs, attitudes and customs that restrict females from participating in sport and physical activity should be dissented.

9

Europe’s Fe/Male Identity

88%

Mihály V.

Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, Philologica

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2013

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vol. 5

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issue 1

33-41

EN

The following study discusses Europe’s identity focussing upon questions such as how Europa’s destiny-the next of kin from Greek mythology-has influenced that of the continent, the relationship between Europe and its nations or Europe’s role in the world. According to French anthropologist Annick de Souzenelle. there is a lunar, that is female and a solar, that is a male side to both Europa and Europe but whereas the mythical figure failed to find and integrate the opposite within herself, Europe does still have the opportunity to discover its solar aspects and reach unity within itself and the world as a whole. Apart from the theory the present paper also tries to give examples from different fields of study such as politics, philosophy and literature, which shall underline Europe’s fe/male identity and role. e. g. Winston Churchill's Iron Curtain Speech. Jose Ortega y Gasset’s Meditation on Europe. Sándor Márai’s Europe’s Abduction or Czeszlaw Milosz’s Native Realm.

10

Stereotypical Negative Female Gender Roles in Digital Games

88%

Baltezarević B., Baltezarević R., Baltezarević V., Kwiatek P., Baltezarević I.

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vol. 4

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issue 2

42-61

EN

Digital games represent a new media form dominated by men, either as characters or as players. The perception of digital games as ‘Boys’ Fun’ has been denied by the latest research that points to the fact that women are increasingly accessing this medium. But the analysis of digital games shows that gender roles appear in this media as real-world stereotypes. It means that there is discrimination against women who often have a passive role, whether they appear as victims or as sexual objects. When they are not damsels in distress helplessly awaiting their saviour or playing heroines, then, they are most often portrayed as rebellious beauties with oversized dimensions. The subject of this paper is female representation in digital games. Authors used content analysis of 30 digital games with female protagonists, published at J Station, to examine the female gender roles in such digital games. The aim of the empirical study is to demonstrate that the elements of gender discrimination are present in digital games and that they can lead to the creation of harmful stereotypes against women.

11

Struktura zadania sportowego a predyspozycje psychiczne zawodniczek uprawiających koszykówkę, siatkówkę i judo

75%

Mroczkowska H., Supiński J.

Rozprawy Naukowe Akademii Wychowania Fizycznego we Wrocławiu

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2018

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vol. 60

26-31

PL

Cel badań. Celem badań jest wyjaśnienie, czy i w jakim zakresie występują zależności między strukturą zadania sportowego a predyspozycjami psychicznymi wykonawców tych zadań. Materiał i metody. Zastosowano standardowe techniki badawcze: kwestionariusz badający poziom lęku Spielbergera, osobowości Eysencka i kwestionariusz temperamentu Strelaua oraz kwestionariusz agresywności Buss-Durkee. Osoby badane to zawodniczki trenujące siatkówkę (n = 24), koszykówkę (n = 26) i judo (n = 21). Do porównania różnic pomiędzy zawodniczkami zastosowano test Kruskala-Walisa. Wyniki. Stwierdzono statystycznie istotne różnice w profilach cech osobowości zawodniczek realizujących zadania sportowe o odmiennej strukturze, które to profile określają poziom pożądanych i korzystnych cech u wykonawców owych zadań. Wnioski. Różnice w zakresie dwóch kontrolowanych obszarów wydolności psychofizycznej tj. emocjonalnej i energetycznej, ujawniają, że spośród trzech badanych zadań sportowych mniejsze koszty psychiczne ponoszą siatkarki w porównaniu z zawodniczkami trenującymi koszykówkę i judo.

EN

Background. The aim of the study was to explain if, and to what degree, there are any relationships between the structure of the sports task and the psychological predispositions of the performers. Material and methods. Standard research techniques were applied: the questionnaire investigating the level of anxiety by Spielberger, the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire, and the Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory. Female volleyball players (n = 24), female basketball players (n = 26), and female judo athletes (n = 21) were studied. To compare the differences between the participants, Kruskal–Wallis test was used. Results. Statistically significant differences were found in the personality profiles of players performing sports tasks of a different structure, which determine the level of desirable and favourable traits in the performers. Conclusions. The differences regarding two controlled areas of psychophysical capability, i.e. the emotional and energetic one, reveal that out of the three investigated spots tasks, volleyball players bear lower psychological costs than basketball players and judo athletes.

12

Gender w polskiej i niemieckiej reklamie prasowej. Porównawcza analiza dyskursu

75%

Baj B.

Stylistyka

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2010

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vol. 19

135-144

EN

The subject of this article is a linguistic analysis of gender discourse in multimodal texts of press advertising. This analysis is a comparative one. The comparison is drawn between one Polish advert from a magazine Twój Styl and one German advert from Der Spiegel (both from 2004), which show distinct similarity in many aspects. For the discourse analysis a multilevel linguistic approach suggested by German linguists has been used.

13

ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ГЕНДЕРНОГО КОМПОНЕНТУ В ПЕДАГОГІЧНОМУ ПРОЦЕСІ

75%

Байдала В.

Педагогічні науки: теорія, історія, інноваційні технології

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2014

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issue 6(40)

91-97

EN

This paper analyzes the issue of gender problems, the process of genderization of the personality, the gender socialization. Despite the transformational trends, contemporaryUkrainian society is characterized by gender stereotypes. The different points of scholars’ views about the lack of harmonious relations among school age children are analyzed. The necessity of using gender component in the educational process is defined. It is pointed out that in the process of gender socialization, which provides a person’s awareness of their sexual independence and behavior throughout life according to it, the most effective are the mechanisms of imitation and identification. Starting with coping the behavior of their parents (girls trying to be more like the mother, the boys – like father), the child moves on, choosing new examples of gender behavior both real and unreal (the book characters, the heroes of fairy tales and so on). The suggestion of gender norms is often used by society as a means to influence individuals. So, in a society often evoke gender stereotypes and standards of conduct, that are not based on logic and not explaining the reasons for their imitation. It is noted that modern society is undergoing fundamental changes, providing the need for further development of the gender approach in pedagogy, as well as providing targeted development of youth gender culture. Among these changes are: converting egalitarism in one of the priority directions of the state policy of the majority of countries in the world, forcing a rethinking of the role and place of women in society; changing cultural stereotypes of masculinity and femininity, loss of polarity; scrapping the traditional system of gender stratification, easing stiffness in the definition of male and female social roles, the elimination of normativityin the traditional gender division of labour; changes in gender characteristics of marriage and family relations:acquisition of new high-quality properties: activation of marriage and family egalitarization; mutual contribution of men and women in their wellbeing; the spread of consensual, business forms of marriage and serial monogamy; objective changes in marriage and family status of modern women: reduction the role of the family as the traditional value for her, the growing importance of the values beyond the family (education, career, prestige, financial income and so on), focus on the one child or even on childlessness; objective changes in marriage and family status of the modern man: the loss of the traditional «breadwinner», the reduction of socializing role of fatherhood;deepening of the general tendency of family relations on the change of value orientations, in the centre of which is the family group and the individual;reorientation of the process of formation of the child’s personality with traditional, clearly fixed gender behaviors in mixed or inversive model that has significant negative consequences for society.

14

Kształtowanie tożsamości matki u kobiet doświadczających nieplanowanego macierzyństwa

75%

Koronkiewicz K.

Kultura-Społeczeństwo-Edukacja

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2014

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vol. 5

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issue 1

95-118

EN

Recent years show a noticeable increase in the number of systematic scientific studies about motherhood. Mostly, the birth of a child is depicted as a groundbreaking event, carefully planned in the biography of a woman. The future mother has many doubts, usually feels joy and satisfaction of the “blessed state”. Still very few publications touch the issue of women experiencing unwanted motherhood. In widely available articles about family, unplanned pregnancy theme is limited. Mostly apply to youngsters. This phenomenon, regardless of age, is a critical event in a woman's life. It should therefore become a research exploration area of educators and representatives of related disciplines. The article attempts to depict the situation of mothers facing unplanned parenthood. Heroines present experiences related to pregnancy, birth and childcare. Fragments of their biographies show both their concerns and moments full of joy and pride.

15

Occupational specifics of elite female handball players in relation to injury recovery, social support and environmental factors

75%

Bon M., Doupona M.

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

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2021

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vol. 34

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issue 1

101-110

EN

ObjectivesThe aim of the study was to analyze the injury characteristics, satisfaction with social support and environmental factors in elite female handball players in the injury recovery process.Material and MethodsThe retrospective study combined quantitative (questionnaire) and qualitative (interview) methods, and presented 3 distinct perspectives, i.e., those of active players, former players and coaching staff members (SMs). The research sample in the first part consisted of 51 active professional female handball players (aged 26.3±2.6 years) with an injury history. The answers from an online questionnaire were processed according to basic statistical parameters (SPSS). The second part of the study included 9 semi-structured interviews, 6 with former players and 3 with coaching SMs.ResultsAll the 51 active players reported 140 injuries (on average 2.7 injuries/player) in the last 6 years. The recovery time ranged 1 day–10 months. No statistically significant differences were observed between the career length and anterior cruciate ligament tear (χ2–3.18, p = 0.53), and the career length and posterior cruciate ligament tear (χ2–1.87; p = 0.76). The former players’ perceptions of social support and environmental factors are similar to the opinions expressed by the coaching SMs, while the active players held high expectations. The highest level of satisfaction with social support was reported for family members (M±SD 4.35±0.814) and the physiotherapist (M±SD 4.12±3.28), whereas the players were not very satisfied with the social support offered by the head coach (M±SD 2.73±0.75). Coaching SMs considered providing social support as something that exceeded their competences.ConclusionsThe analysis of the injury recovery process indicated a need for a new function in handball clubs – an expert with interdisciplinary competencies, who would contribute to faster recovery and general wellbeing of professional handball players.

16

Effects of Chinese traditional exercises on depression in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women: a meta-analysis

63%

Lei T., Li H., Shao L., Li Y., Zhang G.

Ido Movement for Culture. Journal of Martial Arts Anthropology

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2024

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vol. 24

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issue 2

1-10

EN

Background. Chinese traditional exercise (CTE) is showing promise in the treatment of depressive symptoms in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women, yet its overall effectiveness has not been evaluated based on existing randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Problem and aim. To systematically evaluate the effects of CTE on depressive symptoms in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. Material and methods. Databases including China Knowledge Network Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform, PubMed, Web of Science, and Springer ebook were searched to identify randomized controlled trial studies regarding the effects of CTE (including Taichi, Baduanjin, Yijinjing, and Qigong) on depressive symptoms in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. The search time frame was from the inception of each database to September 2022. Results. A total of 19 randomized controlled trials was included with 608 subjects for treatment and 594 for control. The pooled results showed that CTE significantly reduced depressive symptoms in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women (p = 0.0001). The subgroup analyses revealed significant effects of Taichi and Baduanjin on depressive symptoms (p < 0.05), while the effects of Yijinjing and Qigong appeared to be ineffective (p > 0.05). The exercise interventions that lasted for 1-12 weeks showed significant effects (p = 0.0007), while those that lasted for 12-48 weeks showed non-significant effects (p > 0.05) Conclusions. CTE may effectively treat depressive symptoms in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. Taichi and Baduanjin are effective exercises, and an intervention duration of 1-12 weeks may be appropriate.

PL

Tło. Chińskie ćwiczenia tradycyjne (CTE) są obiecujące w leczeniu objawów depresji u kobiet w okresie okołomenopauzalnym i pomenopauzalnym, jednak ich ogólna skuteczność nie została oceniona na podstawie istniejących randomizowanych badań kontrolowanych (RCT). Problem i cel. Systematyczna ocena wpływu CTE na objawy depresji u kobiet w okresie okołomenopauzalnym i pomenopauzalnym.Materiał i metody. Przeszukano bazy danych, w tym China Knowledge Network, Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform, PubMed, Web of Science i Springer ebook w celu zidentyfikowania randomizowanych, kontrolowanych badań dotyczących wpływu CTE (w tym Taichi, Baduanjin, Yijinjing i Qigong) na objawy depresyjne u kobiet w okresie okołomenopauzalnym i pomenopauzalnym. Ramy czasowe wyszukiwania obejmowały okres od powstania każdej bazy danych do września 2022 roku.Wyniki. Uwzględniono łącznie 19 randomizowanych, kontrolowanych badań z udziałem 608 osób leczonych i 594 osób kontrolnych. Zbiorcze wyniki wykazały, że CTE znacząco zmniejszyło objawy depresji u kobiet w okresie okołomenopauzalnym i pomenopauzalnym (p = 0,0001). Analizy podgrup ujawniły znaczący wpływ Taichi i Baduanjin na objawy depresji (p < 0,05), podczas gdy efekty Yijinjing i Qigong okazały się nieskuteczne (p > 0,05). Interwencje ćwiczeń, które trwały od 1 do 12 tygodni, wykazały znaczące efekty (p = 0,0007), podczas gdy te, które trwały od 12 do 48 tygodni, wykazały nieistotne efekty (p > 0,05). Wnioski. CTE może skutecznie leczyć objawy depresji u kobiet w okresie okołomenopauzalnym i pomenopauzalnym. Taichi i Baduanjin są skutecznymi ćwiczeniami, a czas trwania interwencji od 1 do 12 tygodni może być odpowiedni.

17

Kobieca koncepcja „bycia-w-świecie”: źródła literackie i stan badań. Rozpoznania cząstkowe

63%

Walęciuk-Dejneka B.

Czasopismo Naukowe Instytutu Studiów Kobiecych

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2022

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issue 1(12)

9-20

EN

The article is an attempt to look at the state of research in Poland nconcerning the study of femininity and women as well as literary sources in this field. The female concept of “being-in-the-world” is an original version, in line with the current trend of literary studies, conducted for many years, and initiated or initiated on a larger scale in the 90s of the twentieth century. The presence of a woman or her “being-in-the world” defines female experiences, family, social and national roles, love, initiation, rebellious or personal relationships, and thus refers to mythical and stereotypical phenomena rooted in culture. It is also about female learning about the world, being in reality, in culture, in literature, most often through writing, marking the experience of time.

PL

Artykuł jest próbą spojrzenia na stan badań w Polsce, dotyczący studiów nad kobiecością i kobietami oraz nad źródłami literackimi z tego zakresu. Kobieca koncepcja „bycia-w-świecie” jest autorską wersją wpisującą się w dotychczasowy nurt badań literaturoznawczych, prowadzonych od wielu już lat, a zapoczątkowanych czy zainicjowanych na większą skalę w latach 90. XX w. Obecność kobieca, czyli jej „bycie-w-świecie”, określa żeńskie doświadczenia, role rodzinne, społeczne i narodowe, relacje miłosne, inicjacyjne, buntownicze czy osobiste, a przez to odsyła do zakorzenionych w kulturze mitycznych i stereotypowych zjawisk. To także kobiece poznawanie świata, trwanie w rzeczywistości, w kulturze, w literaturze, najczęściej poprzez pisarstwo, oznaczenie doświadczenia czasu.

18

Zmęczenie przewlekłe a noetyczny wymiar osobowości. Badania młodych kobiet

63%

Kulik A.

Seminare. Poszukiwania naukowe

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2017

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vol. 38

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issue 3

67-80

PL

Celem badań jest poszukiwanie uwarunkowań przewlekłego zmęczenia u młodych kobiet. Założono, że istotne znaczenie dla powstawania przewlekłego zmęczenia ma słaba dynamika noetyczna. Przebadano 143 studentki w wieku 19-24 lat. Wykorzystano Test Noodynamiki Egzystencjalnej Popielskiego. Badane kobiety z przewlekłym zmęczeniem mają niski poziom dynamiki noetycznej. W zależności od typu zmęczenia charakterystyczne jest nastawienie na osobisty sukces albo brak wytrwałości w realizacji celów trudnych. Istotny związek ze zmęczeniem wykazuje unikanie wyzwań i obawa przed odpowiedzialnością za swoje czyny.

EN

The present research is aimed at defining the determinants of chronic fatigue in young women. It was assumed that important mechanisms behind developing chronic fatigue consist in low noetic dimension of personality. 143 students aged between 19 and 24 were examined. The study was based on the Existential Noo-dynamic Test (ND-E) constructed by K. Popielski.Women with chronic fatigue have a low level of noetic dynamics. Fatigue is significantly associated with the lack of affirmation of life and the lack of acceptance of life. Fatigue in women is to a significant degree associated with lack of perseverance in achieving challenging targets and fear of responsibility for one’s actions.

19

Ekspresja emocji a subiektywny stan zdrowia. Regulacyjna rola oceny kontrolnej u kobiet

63%

Kulik A., Kajka N.

Seminare. Poszukiwania naukowe

|

2016

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vol. 37

|

issue 1

67-80

EN

There is no consensus in the psychological literature regarding assessment of the impact that negative emotions exert on health / disease. It is neither clearly defined what role is played by the sense of self-esteem or guilt in this process. The aim of this study is to answer the question: When and how expression of anger is beneficial to health (well-being) and what is the role of control assessment. Subjective health assessment (SHA), intensity and direction of anger expression (AES), guilt (SEC), self-esteem (SES) have been analyzed together with the results in 141 women aged 20-24 years. It has been found out that 1) expression of anger may have positive health implications if it is involved in achieving goals, 2) externally expressed anger benefits health if it is associated with situational guilt, 3) internal anger benefits health if it is not associated with the sense of guilt.

PL

W literaturze psychologicznej nie ma konsensusu w ocenie roli negatywnych emocji dla zdrowia/choroby. Również rola poczucia własnej wartości czy poczucia winy nie jest jednoznaczna w tym procesie. Celem prezentowanych badań jest odpowiedź na pytanie: Kiedy i jaka ekspresja gniewu jest korzystna dla zdrowia (dobrego samopoczucia) oraz jaką rolę pełni w tym procesie ocena kontrolna. Zbadano subiektywną ocenę zdrowia (SOZ), nasilenie i kierunek ekspresji gniewu (SEG), poczucie winy (KPW), poczucie własnej wartości (SES). Przeanalizowano wyniki 141 kobiet w wieku 20-24 lat. Stwierdzono, że 1) ekspresja gniewu może mieć pozytywne znaczenie dla zdrowia, jeśli jest zaangażowana w osiąganie celów, 2) gniew zewnętrzny jest prozdrowotny jeśli wiąże się z sytuacyjnym poczuciem winy, 3) gniew wewnętrzny ma charakter prozdrowotny jeśli nie wiąże się z poczuciem winy.

20

Literatura polska i psychoanaliza wobec problematyki tożsamości po 1989 roku

63%

Matwiejczuk A., Matwiejczuk P.

Dydaktyka Polonistyczna

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2022

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issue 8 (17)

264-282

PL

Tożsamość to ważne pojęcie kultury ponowoczesnej. W Polsce wraz z przemianami po 1989 roku pojawiło się wiele tekstów, które podejmują tę problematykę. W celu ukazania bogactwa i złożoności ponowoczesnych tekstów literackich i psychoanalitycznych przeprowadzono analizy komparatystyczne polegające na czerpaniu z różnych założeń teoretycznych. W niniejszym artykule w zależności od badanego elementu czerpano z ustaleń psychoanalizy, ale także dekonstrukcji, feminizmu i Gender Studies. W publikacji zaprezentowano problematykę złożoności tożsamości. Guguły Wioletty Grzegorzewskiej to przykład literatury kobiecej, w której bohaterka odkrywa własną kobiecość. Męską realizację problematyki tożsamościowej omówiono na przykładzie Poniewczasie Wita Szostaka. W celu całościowego przedstawienia złożoności tożsamości płciowej nawiązano także do powieści Natalii Osińskiej Fanfik, w której bohaterka jest osobą transpłciową. W artykule ukazano także pojemny i bardzo złożony psychoanalityczny punkt widzenia na zagadnienie tożsamości. Artykuł ma charakter interdyscyplinarny, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem literatury i psychologii, ale także elementów filozoficznych i socjologicznych.

EN

Identity is an important term in postmodern culture. In Poland, following the transformation after 1989, there appeared many articles that deal with this topic. In order to show the richness and complexity of postmodern literary and psychoanalysis texts, many comparative analyses were carried out based on various theoretical assumptions. In this paper, depending on the issue under study, the authors drew from the findings of: psychoanalysis, deconstruction, feminism and gender studies. This paper discusses the complexity of identity. Guguła by Wioletta Grzegorzewska is an example of women’s literature in which the protagonist discovers her own femininity. The male realization of the identity problem was discussed based on Wit Szostak’s Poniewczasie. In order to present the complexity of gender identity as a whole, reference was also made to the novel by Natalia Osińska Fanfik, in which the protagonist is a transgender person. The paper also presents a capacious and very complex psychological point of view on the issue of identity. The study is interdisciplinary, with particular emphasis on literature and psychology, but also on philosophical and sociological elements.

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