Search results - CEJSH

1

The androgynization of the "city of women" and its region

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Malinowska E.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Sociologica

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2012

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issue 43

125-136

EN

The purpose of this paper is to answer the question: are there any substantial arguments justifying the label given to the city of Łódź as the “city of women”? This seems especially relevant because the term/phrase can be interpreted in at least two ways. First, it may be a statement stressing that the town “belongs” to women and, unlike in a community based on patriarchy, “the second sex” dominates. This line of reasoning raises the question of the grounds (quantitative and/or qualitative) for asserting women’s preponderance in Łódź. Secondly, the label also allows for advancing a thesis about the “feminine” nature of the city, i.e. the gender of its community empirically identified as female. This paper presents an analysis of both propositions, using the statistical data and the results of empirical sociological research conducted on a representative sample of the broader urban community, that is among the inhabitants of Łódź and the voivodeship (Province), as well as the findings of studies carried out on a random sample of 18,000 students from all primary, middle and secondary schools in the Łódź region (excluding private schools and those managed by foundations or associations). The article is an attempt to respond to the following hypothesis: The “city of women” is not the same concept as a “feminine city”. Łódź is a “women’s town” due to their numerical predominance in the population and because it is women who have accumulated more and better (basic) human capital resources. However, empirically defined gender patterns of the community in the city and the region, i.e. personality orientations and the psychological sex of the inhabitants, together with personality traits revealed in the process of fulfilling social roles, which are of a key importance from the point of view of the cultural models of femininity and masculinity, need not confirm the feminine nature of the city.

2

"Nie będziesz obcował z mężczyzną, tak jak się obcuje z kobietą. To jest obrzydliwość!” (Kpł 18,22). Teksty biblijne o homoseksualizmie

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Nalewaj A.

Studia Elbląskie

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2013

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vol. 14

199-212

EN

This work is to discuss the content of inspired texts concerning homosexuality. Homoeroticism was a phenomenon well-known and tolerated in the communities of the Ancient East. The authors of the Bible are opposed to the practice of homosexual acts finding them in contrary to the nature and will of God revealed in the act of creation (cf. Gen 1–2). Holiness Code defines it as “an abomination” (Lev 18,22) punishable by death (Lev 20,13). The Apostle Paul in his mission ad gentes teaches that homosexual acts are the result of human perversity which turns the truth of God into a lie. In the act of same-sex intercourse people assume roles opposite their nature, causing it to become distorted.

3

The androgynization of the "city of women" and its region

100%

Malinowska E., Department of Gender Studies and Social Movements U. o. Ł.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Sociologica

|

2012

|

vol. 43

EN

The purpose of this paper is to answer the question: are there any substantial arguments justifying the label given to the city of Łódź as the “city of women”? This seems especially relevant because the term/phrase can be interpreted in at least two ways. First, it may be a statement stressing that the town “belongs” to women and, unlike in a community based on patriarchy, “the second sex” dominates. This line of reasoning raises the question of the grounds (quantitative and/ or qualitative) for asserting women’s preponderance in Łódź. Secondly, the label also allows for advancing a thesis about the “feminine” nature of the city, i.e. the gender of its community empirically identified as female. This paper presents an analysis of both propositions, using the statistical data and the results of empirical sociological research conducted on a representative sample of the broader urban community, that is among the inhabitants of Łódź and the voivodeship (Province), as well as the findings of studies carried out on a random sample of 18,000 students from all primary, middle and secondary schools in the Łódź region (excluding private schools and those managed by foundations or associations). The article is an attempt to respond to the following hypothesis: The “city of women” is not the same concept as a “feminine city”. Łódź is a “women’s town” due to their numerical predominance in the population and because it is women who have accumulated more and better (basic) human capital resources. However, empirically defined gender patterns of the community in the city and the region, i.e. personality orientations and the psychological sex of the inhabitants, together with personality traits revealed in the process of fulfilling social roles, which are of a key importance from the point of view of the cultural models of femininity and masculinity, need not confirm the feminine nature of the city.

4

Poczucie jakości życia i poziom wyczerpania witalnego wśród aktywnych zawodowo kobiet i mężczyzn

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Paruzel-Czachura M.

Studia Psychologica

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2013

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issue 13/1

5-24

EN

The article presents the results of empirical studies about quality of life (Stras-Romanowska, 2007) and vital exhaustion (Kop, Hamulyak, Pernot, Appels, 1998) in the group of working men and women. Research shows that more than half of respondents declare vital exhaustion. The higher level of vital exhaustion occurs among women. The overall result of quality of life is not differentiated by gender and professional activity, but higher scores in the subjective sphere of quality of life occur among entrepreneurs. Workers in state-owned companies have higher level of the metaphysical sphere of quality of life. There is also a negative correlation (r = -0,34; p < 0,01) between quality of life and vital exhaustion.

5

Two Obscene Jokes in Aristophanes’ Wasps and Peace

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Smith N. D.

Eirene. Studia Graeca et Latina

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2013

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vol. 49

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issue 1-2

147-152

EN

In this paper, I explain passages in Aristophanes’ Wasps and Peace, in which double-meaning jokes are made with reference to the female pubic region. In particular, I claim that the jokes do not simply refer to pubic hair, but instead are intended to refer to the stubble that would remain after depilation.

6

In the Colours of the Rainbow. Book review: Niebinarne i wielowarstwowe pojęcie płci (Non-binary and multilayered concept of sex) Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, Warszawa, 2018

100%

Hyży E.

Władza sądzenia

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2018

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issue 14

117-119

7

Gender differentiation of indirect self-destructiveness

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Tsirigotis K., Gruszczyński W., Tsirigotis-Maniecka M.

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

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2013

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vol. 26

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issue 1

39-48

EN

Objectives: The objective of this study was to examine the sex (gender) differentiation of indirect self-destructiveness intensity and its manifestations, as well as relationships between indirect self-destructiveness and its manifestations (categories) and the psychological dimensions of masculinity and femininity, also from the point of view of assessing occupational health and safety. Materials and Methods: A population of 558 individuals (399 females and 159 males) aged 19–25 (mean age: 22.6) was studied. The Polish version of the “Chronic Self-Destructiveness Scale” (CS-DS) by Kelley adapted by Suchańska was used in order to examine indirect self-destructiveness and its manifestations. Gender testing applied the Polish version of the Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI) by Bem in its adaptation by Kuczyńska. Results: Males’ scores are signifi cantly higher than those of females for the majority of CS-DS scales/indices: Indirect Self-Destructiveness (general index), Poor Health Maintenance (A2), Lack of Planfulness (A4), and Helplessness, Passiveness (A5). Moreover, there are statistically signifi cant correlations between CS-DS scales and the masculinity dimension (positive) as well as the femininity dimension (negative). Conclusions: Masculinity is a factor that may predispose towards indirectly self-destructive behaviors, while femininity is a factor protecting against those. The study results may prove useful in preventing indirectly and directly self-destructive behaviors as well as in therapy work with the individuals who display such tendencies or have made attempts on their own lives, in particular taking into account their being of a specifi c sex/gender and in the context of work (especially in diffi cult or dangerous conditions or both).

8

Konsensuální násilný sex jako citlivé téma dotazování?

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Špráchalová L., Buriánek J.

Česká kriminologie (Czech Criminology)

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2018

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vol. 3

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issue 2

1-12

EN

The paper focuses on the extent to which the BDSM topic can be considered as sensitive. Nevertheless, two-thirds of respondents from a representative sample of Czechs were willing to answer the block of questions on this subject. The willingness was slightly lower only in the oldest people and a slightly higher in individuals preferring to take risks and to tolerate violation of norms; the overall willingness to answer the questions was, however, quite high in all categories. There was no strong evidence of either a link to a specific attitude or a more general tendency to choose „do not know“ answers. The potential controversy of the subject seems to be offset by the management of impression: Czechs tend to present themselves as liberal and open, especially in the field of sex. This gives a fairly good chance to further empirical reserach in this area.

9

The Family and Modern trends: How to Construct an optimal Model of roles Played in the Family

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Ecler-Nocoń B.

The New Educational Review

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2016

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vol. 44

96-106

EN

The modern family faces a variety of ever-changing circumstances which greatly inhibit the selection of clearly defined roles or behaviours that might bring about the good of the whole family. The article describes three models which regulate the roles adopted by individuals within the family. The text defines the optimal method of role creation and selection as one which allows for the simultaneous consideration of not only the variety of possibilities, but also the needs of all family members.

10

Ethical Orientations and Sex in Teachers with Varied Educational Strategies

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Rubacha K., Chomczyńska-Rubacha M.

The New Educational Review

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2013

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vol. 33

237-246

EN

The authors present the results of empirical research that tested a hypothesis concerning the relationship between ethical orientations and teachers’ educational strategies. The study was planned as a quantitative strategy as theoretical-verified, in a quasi-experimental scheme with random sampling. Data was gathered with the help of tests, and the hypotheses were verified using two-way ANOVA.

11

Dynamic Geometry Environment to Enhance High School Students Spatial Skill: A Study Based on Sex and Gender Diversities Perspective

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Fikrati A. N., Siswono T. Y. E., Lukito A.

The New Educational Review

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2021

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vol. 63

111-122

EN

This research is an experimental quantitative approach that aims to determine the impact of sex and gender differences on senior high school students’ spatial ability through the implementation of dynamic geometry environment (DGE). Ninety-six high-school student participants were categorized based on gender and sex diversities. Data were analyzed using a three-way ANOVA statistical test and Tukey Test. This study indicates that sex and gender differences and the interaction between sex and gender differences significantly affect students’ spatial abilities. The male students outperform the females. The undifferentiated students outperform all students with different genders (feminine, masculine, and androgyny).

12

Proza życia Historie (nie)samowite

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Olszański G.

Śląskie Studia Polonistyczne

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2016

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vol. 8

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issue 1-2

201-217

EN

The article “Prosaic Aspects of Life. (Extra)ordinary Histories” is an attempt at describing the experience of fatherhood found in the poems of the authors from “bruLion” and “postbruLion” groups. While analyzing the social transformations which took place in Poland in the 1990s (e.g. the modifications of the system of social roles stereotypically assigned to each of the sexes, the change of paradigms of what has been commonly recognized as “male” and “female”, “the crisis of fatherhood,” extensively described by sociologists, etc.) and the transformations within lyric poetry itself (domination of personal lyric poetry, autobiographism, rejection of political and social obligations of literature in favour of the interest in privacy and concentration on the individual experience), the author asks about the literary attractiveness of the motif and analyses its various manifestations in the works of Marcin Świetlicki, Jacek Podsiadło, Robert Adamczak, Sławomir Matusz and Dariusz Suska.

13

Modern computational issues of sexual ethics

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Czarnecki P.

Prosopon. Europejskie Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne

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2013

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issue 2(6)

33-47

EN

Ethics of sexuality is an exceptional field within the realm of ethics, due to its close connection with extra-ethical concepts, mainly religious ones. This fact differentiates sexual ethics from other ethical disciplines, such as ethics of business or eco-ethics. This is because, however one can talk about Christian or non-Christian (e.g. utilitarian) concepts within those ethics, there is no way one could talk about utilitarian ethics of sexuality: such ethics as a separate discipline simply do not exist. In my article I would like to formulate and justify values and principles relating to sexual relations. In order to do so, one has on one hand to consider the values formulated by Christian ethics, as well as the principles built on them – and, on the other hand, to look at arguments for including the sphere of sexuality within “lay” ethical reflexion. In my considerations as main research problem I pose the thesis: should sexual drive and the behaviours immediately resulting therefrom undergo ethical evaluation, or as a private sphere, they should remain outside the scope of interest of ethics.

14

Kapitał ludzki w ujęciu genderowym - koncepcja teoretyczna

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Malinowska E., Uniwersytet Łódzki; Wydział Ekonomiczno-Socjologiczny; Instytut Socjologii

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Sociologica

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2011

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vol. 39

PL

W artykule przedstawiono koncepcję ujmowania i badania kapitału ludzkiego z perspektywy płci kulturowej (gender): (i) zaproponowano, aby mianem podejścia genderowego określać wyłącznie te koncepcje badawcze, w których przyjmuje się, jako wstępne, założenie o fundamentalnym znaczeniu stratyfikacyjnym płci biologicznej we wszystkich społeczeństwach i kulturach oraz o patriarchalnym charakterze kultury tworzącej najstarszą i najszerszą ramę, w której funkcjonowały i funkcjonują społeczeństwa; (ii) zaakcentowano społeczną genezę kapitału ludzkiego, obok jego jednostkowego wymiaru; (iii) wskazano – jako główny czynnik warunkujący proces gromadzenia, wyceniania i inwestowania kapitału ludzkiego – posiadanie podstawowych praw człowieka, czyli praw i wolności osobistych; (iv) zaproponowano uwzględnienie w definicji kapitału ludzkiego (oprócz wykształcenia, praktycznych umiejętności i stanu zdrowia), również tych kategorii, w jakich społeczeństwo określa i różnicuje ludzi konstruując kulturowe koncepcje płci, tj. – cech osobowości człowieka i cech wyglądu; (v) wskazano konieczność postrzegania procesu gromadzenia, wyceniania i inwestowania kapitału ludzkiego w szerokim kontekście zachodzących równolegle i powiązanych ze sobą procesów: trwania/erozji patriarchatu i urzeczywistniania egalitaryzacji, a dokładniej – procesu podmiotowienia kobiet oraz redefinicji miejsca i roli mężczyzn w społeczeństwie wobec końca wyłączności ich statusu podmiotowego. Na zakończenie sformułowano hipotezę o pęknięciu, w społeczeństwie będącym egzemplifikacją „patriarchalnej demokracji”, monolitycznej w modelu patriarchalnym całości: płeć biologiczna (sex) – płeć kulturowa (gender).

15

Rozdzielność płci nupturientów jako przesłanka istnienia małżeństwa (art. 1 k.r.o.)

88%

Domański M.

Kwartalnik Prawa Prywatnego

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2013

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vol. 22

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issue 4

821 - 855

EN

Under Polish law marriage is defined as the union of respectively ‘a man’ and ‘a woman’. Since the meaning of the terms in the context of marriage has not been specified by the legislator a reference to medical understanding is necessary to determine a person’s sex for the law of marriage. Currently in medicine, sex of a person is determined by the application of chromosomal, gonadal and genital as well as psychological tests. Under the Polish legal system distinction between sexes is based purely on biological criteria. Therefore, it is not possible to amend the initial entry in a birth certificate solely on the basis of a person’s gender. It is only allowed to amend a birth certificates when an individual’s sex has been wrongly determined at birth due to congruency of the biological criteria (intersex conditions) Article 31 of Civil Status Act. The Supreme Court, however, by the application of “creative” interpretation of law, has found a judicial procedure for transsexuals to be able to change their legal sex. The procedure has been based on a suit for establishing personal rights such as sex or gender. This solution made a basis for creating a practical model for a legal sex - change operation even on pre-operative transsexuals. The established model even though solving a significant social issue became a fundamental legal system discrepancy. Due to the fact that, under the Polish family law ‘a man’ and ‘a woman’ are terms used solely in biological context (e.g. filiation regulations) the life of a person with an assigned biological sex (and the consequential procreation capability) with opposite legal sex leads to unsolvable de lege lata problems e.g. assignment of paternity and maternity. The adopted position of the Polish legislature, even though coherent in legal institutions, is in variance with international standards of human rights protection and does not meet social expectations (especially transsexuals or medical milieus). Nevertheless, a solution to the problem is not achievable without the interference of the legislator.

16

Męski głos niewieści. Z dzienniczka kobiety Wincentego Kosiakiewicza

88%

Sobczak I.

Prace Literaturoznawcze

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2018

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issue 6

125-136

EN

The purpose of the article Feminine Voice of Men. Wincenty Kosiakiewicz’s “Z dzienniczkakobiety” [From the Diary of a Woman] is to examine how the male author imitates the woman’spersonal diary. The analysis and interpretation of Z dzienniczka kobiety illustrate the problemof creating female figures and imitating the femininity of their writing by the authors at the turnof the centuries. Gabriela Zapolska’s Z pamiętników młodej mężatki [From the Diaries of a YoungMarried Woman], used as a counterpoint, allows for gaining a broader, two-sex perspective on the issueof femininity of writing and for presenting the differences between the manners in which women’spersonal diaries are stylized by male and female authors. This paper seeks to answer the questionabout the reasons and consequences of adopting a female perspective in the text.

17

Expansion of human sexuality in cyberspace

88%

Nymś-Górna A.

Kultura-Społeczeństwo-Edukacja

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2019

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vol. 16

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issue 2

PL

Nymś-Górna Agnieszka, Expansion of human sexuality into cyberspace. Culture – Society – Education no 2(16) 2019, Poznań 2019, pp. 279–288, Adam Mickiewicz University Press. ISSN 2300-0422. DOI 10.14746/kse.2019.16.18. One of the key aspects of human life is sexuality. Like other areas of human life, it is constantly changing. However, the technological revolution of recent years has been particularly influential. The aim of this article is to present the progressive revolution of human sexuality in the context of the development of new technologies.

18

Święte w męskim przebraniu w Żywotach świętych Starego i Nowego Zakonu Piotra Skargi

88%

Zielińska K.

Prace Literaturoznawcze

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2018

|

issue 6

23-34

EN

Women saints disguised as men are a special case of hagiographic heroines. They do not achieve a higher social status or have privileges resulting from being a man. Besides the presentation of saints: Maryna, Eufrozyna, Eugenia and Apollinara, based on Żywoty świętych [Lives of the Saints] by Piotr Skarga, this article attempts to respond to the questions concerning the sense of their efforts. Did they struggle to hide their biological sex to free their sexuality, or did they want to achieve a special sanctity reserved exclusively for men? Yet another reflection is connected with the manner of presenting these ambiguous heroines as well as the assessment of their behaviour carried out by the author of Żywoty świętych.

19

Assessing the Impact of Communications Strategy and Ethical Positioningon the Resilience of a Political Career Facing Scandal: Critical Analysis of Sexual Scandals within American Politics

88%

Fisiak M.

International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal

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2018

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vol. 22

|

issue 1

169-182

EN

Throughout the evolution of public political discourse we have repeatedly seen the effects of scandals on the careers of many politicians. Although the cultural and societal norms that have traditionally dictated the results of such scandals have changed dramatically within the last two centuries, I believe that the aftermath of these scandals may be better understood by analyzing and comparing the politician’s previously established public image to the scandal at hand. I will argue that a negative impact only occurs if and when there is a clear contradiction of character that presents the politician as a deceitful or hypocritical person in the media sphere and therefore the eyes of the public.

20

Selected factors influencing physical fitness in the elderly

88%

Agnieszka Wybraniec A., Miłosz Boguszewski M., Norbert Nizio N., Justyna Wyszyńska J., Justyna Drzał-Grabiec J.

European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine

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2019

|

issue 1

45-50

EN

Introduction. In effect of the ageing process, there are involutional changes in older adults both in the mental and in the physical spheres. Some factors may slow down the ageing process. Physical activity is one of these factors. Physical ability is one of the most important indicators of quality of life of older adults, and it can be shaped by physical activity. Aim. The aim of the study was to assess chosen factors that influence physical ability of adults older than 65 years. Material and methods. The study involved 63 older adults. The criterion for inclusion in the study was the age - older than 65 years. There were 37 women and 26 men in the study population. All the subjects were able to walk without assistance, and they had no contraindications to do functional tests. We used a questionnaire of our own design, three SPPB trials, Up&Go test; we calculated the BMI indices and assessed depression scale. Results. We found that older adults rarely engage in physical activity. The low level of physical activity of the older adults was reflected in equally low physical ability level, as assessed by functional tests. We found a directly proportional dependence between body mass and the level of functional limitations and risk of falls. Conclusion. In our functional tests, we found a statistically significant correlation with regard to age and BMI index.

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