Search results - CEJSH

1

Emancypacja osób autystycznych. Wprowadzenie do zagadnienia

100%

Buława-Halasz J.

Interdyscyplinarne Konteksty Pedagogiki Specjalnej

|

2015

|

issue 10

73-87

EN

This text is an attempt to introduce the issue of the emancipation of autistic people. Autism spectrum disorders are a very heterogeneous category, and a person with such a diagnosis is achieved will vary in the degree of functioning due to the symp-toms and frequently co-morbid physical difficulties and/or mental and intellectual disability. Many examples of people with high functioning autism shows that this group is strongly working for independent living and self determination. The emancipation of autistic people understood in this way goes in different directions - from raise awareness about autism to self-advocacy.

2

Functional Diagnosis and Therapy of Autism Based on Verbal Causative Behavior

96%

Lipski W.

Logopedia

|

2018

|

vol. 47 EN

|

issue 2

201-209

EN

The article is based on a review of verbal operant behavior by B.F. Skinner. Verbal operant behavior can be the basis for building a major functional diagnosis. A diagnostic tool built on the principle of representation of the different verbal behavior would assess the level of mastery of verbal skills needed in the communication process. Drawn up on the basis of research, a protocol diagnosis would be a ready therapeutic program. Currently, there isn’t any diagnostic tool in Poland that meets these criteria or has been developed on the basis of the Polish language system.

3

Doświadczenia emocjonalne rodziców dzieci z autyzmem

84%

Szmania L.

Interdyscyplinarne Konteksty Pedagogiki Specjalnej

|

2014

|

issue 5

69-91

EN

The purpose of this article is to compare the theoretical knowledge with parents' declarations concerning their emotional experiences resulting from the fact of having a child with autism. Main effort was made to indicate factors that affect these experiences, giving them a positive or negative meaning. Understanding the experiences that the parents of children with autism are highly probable to come across is extremely important as it can contribute to designing better supporting system for such families. It can also enhance mothers' and fathers' life satisfaction and increase effectiveness of preventive measures against the burnout phenomenon.

4

Wykorzystanie nowoczesnych technologii w nauczaniu dzieci ze zdiagnozowanym autyzmem

77%

Poraj-Porawska M.

e-mentor

|

2015

|

issue 4 (61)

55-57

EN

Nowadays, considerations of educators are mainly focused on where and how the latest technologies could be applied. Usually they are used to support learning process of children without disabilities on every educational stage. Modern technologies offer a wide spectrum of possibilities of their usage in education and even in everyday life of children affected by disability. IT programs support process of working with students affected by communication deficits, impaired in social interactions and having behavioral problems. This article presents some of achievements of a boy diagnosed with autism whose educational process is solely based on the usage of modern technologies.

5

Out beyond the worlds, in their own world. The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time written by Mark Haddon as an illustration of the problem of being on the sidelines in autism or Asperger's Syndrome

77%

Kotarba-Nicijewska N.

Anthropos?

|

2016

|

issue 25 Na uboczu

188-198

EN

This text is an analysis of the novel The Curious Incident of the dog in the nighttime written by Mark Haddon. The purpose of this text, is an attempt to show the image of the world from the periphery, from the boy's autism affected perspective. His unclichéd observations, focused on the elements of the regulations and actions of the world show our well known world from an entirely new perspective. This new fresh, unpolluted habit communicate truth about human nature.

6

Psychological – ethical and socializing dimension of childchood autism during preschool and early school

77%

Stepulak M.

Multidisciplinary Journal of School Education

|

2017

|

issue 11

51-72

EN

Autism is a disorder that becomes today the subject of many interdisciplinary studies. You can talk about a wide spectrum of autism. It concerns adults, but also children. In the article special attention is paid to autism during preschool and early school age. It should be noted that the term "autism" has enough short history as it appeared in the 40s of the twentieth century. This concept can be understood in three main areas: 1) breaking social ties or limited ability to enter into interpersonal relationships; 2) abnormal communication; 3) stiffness behaviour, restricted repertoire of activities and interests connected with to the lack of imagination. Another element of the article is the presentation of the core symptoms of autism. It is worth noting that autism is reflected by the diversity of its syndromes. It was important to pay special attention to autism. The specificity of childhood autism must be taken into account in the selection of methods situations and psychotherapeutic techniques. The point is that the effectiveness of the therapy does not undermine the fundamental norms and moral principles. One of the basic principles is the trust and respecting professional secrecy. In this context, there is a very important proposal for the therapists and other professionals working with autistic children to constantly work on raising not only professional skills, but also care about raising the moral qualifications.

7

Acquiring Epistemic Modal Auxiliaries: The Role of Theory of Mind

77%

De Mulder H. N. M., Gautero-Watzema A., Leiden University Centre for Linguistics (LUCL), Independent researcher, De Mulder H. N. M. h. n. m. d. m. h. l. n., Gautero-Watzema A. a. g. c.

Research in Language

|

2018

|

vol. 16

|

issue 1

EN

This study considers the acquisition of epistemic modal auxiliaries (EMA) in typically developing (TD) and autistic children and the role that Theory of Mind (ToM) plays in this development. Nineteen Dutch-speaking TD children and ten autistic children received tasks assessing ToM, general linguistic ability and EMA comprehension. Results suggest that both groups have some understanding of the Dutch EMA system, but no significant differences were found between groups. However, once participants were divided into ToM passers and ToM failers irrespective of clinical diagnosis, results showed that passers performed significantly better than failers on EMA understanding. Having a good understanding of others’ mental states, as evidenced by full marks on ToM tasks, thus seems important in the acquisition of EMA.

8

Funkcjonalna diagnoza i terapia autyzmu w oparciu o werbalne zachowania sprawcze

77%

Lipski W.

Logopedia

|

2018

|

vol. 47

|

issue 2

265-274

PL

Artykuł oparty jest na przeglądzie werbalnych zachowań sprawczych (verbal operant) według B.F. Skinnera. Werbalne zachowania sprawcze mogą stanowić podstawę do budowania diagnozy o dużym wymiarze funkcjonalnym. Narzędzie diagnostyczne zbudowane na zasadzie reprezentacji poszczególnych zachowań werbalnych dałoby ocenę poziomu opanowania umiejętności werbalnych niezbędnych w procesie komunikacji. Sporządzony na podstawie badania protokół diagnozy stanowiłby gotowy program terapeutyczny. Obecnie brakuje w Polsce narzędzia diagnostycznego, które spełniałoby te kryteria i było opracowane na podstawie systemu języka polskiego.

EN

The article is based on a review of verbal operant behavior by B.F. Skinner. Verbal operant behavior can be the basis for building a diagnosis of major functional dimension. Diagnostic tool built on the principle of representation of the different verbal behavior would assess the level of mastery of verbal skills needed in the communication process. Drawn up on the basis of the study, the protocol of diagnosis would be a ready therapeutic program. Currently, there is not any diagnostic tool in Poland that meets these criteria and was developed on the basis of Polish language system.

9

Child raising: the perspective of mothers of children with autism spectrum disorders

77%

Otapowicz D.

Przegląd Pedagogiczny

|

2021

|

issue 1

310-328

EN

Parenting a child affected by a disorder with vast consequences for functioning such as autism undoubtedly modifies the family’s situation and broadens the scope and essence of parents’ responsibility. Daily experiences connected with facing new, previously unknown, problems are not an easy challenge. On the other hand, they constantly enrich mothers’ awareness related to parenting. The aim of the research was to learn the significant problems, feelings, opinions and reflections arising from the experiences of mothers of children with autism spectrum disorders. The research material was collected through free-form interviews with 20 mothers raising autistic children. The analysis of the collected empirical material shows that mothers construct various concepts of parenting, including their own roles and everyday relations with the children. Their early reactions reveal the collapse of the previous vision of parenting and the loss of the real perspective concerning the perception of the child and their own role in child raising. Everyday parenting experiences – full of unique difficulties with building relationships with the children – allow the mothers to constructively seek individual solutions and patterns of coexistence.

10

TERAPIE WSPOMAGAJĄCE ROZWÓJ DZIECI Z AUTYZMEM

77%

WOLSKA-DŁUGOSZ M., PŁUSA A.

Scientific Bulletin of Chełm - Section of Pedagogy

|

2018

|

issue 2

95-110

EN

The word autism increasingly appears on the lips of most pedagogues, teachers and parents. Why? This disorder is more and more common today in our environment: at school, in the family. The causes of this disease are not well known yet, but there are more and more methods and ways or means of treatment that allow the child with autism to "function as normal" in the society. It is very important to diagnose and start treatment as soon as it is possible. The following article introduces the theoretical aspects of this disorder, such as the concept or symptoms, which have been thoroughly discussed and summarized in a table form.In this article have been described only some of the possible ways to work with autistic children, such as behavioral therapy, Option Method, Activity Plans, sensory integration method. Each of these methods largely supports the development of a child with autism. The article ends with a summary and the conclusion of the theoretical study.

11

Zachowania seksualne dzieci i młodzieży ze spektrum autyzmu. Wyniki badań pilotażowych

77%

Wojciechowska A., Gulczyńska A.

Interdyscyplinarne Konteksty Pedagogiki Specjalnej

|

2017

|

issue 19

91-108

PL

In the article the results of pilot studies concerning manifestation of sexuality in a group of children and youth with autism spectrum disorder were presented. The research is divided into two fundamental parts. In the first part – the shorter one, definitions and conceptions were outlined. The subject of sexuality and functioning of people with autism spectrum disorders regarding social behaviours was also discussed. In the second part, the findings of own studies conducted on a group of mothers of children and youth with autism spectrum disorder were presented.

12

Stres rodzicielski matek dzieci z autyzmem

77%

Banasiak A.

Interdyscyplinarne Konteksty Pedagogiki Specjalnej

|

2017

|

issue 19

109-126

PL

The aim of the research presented in this article was to determine the level of parental stress among mothers of autistic children. Thirty-nine mothers of autistic children, forty mothers of children with Down syndrome as well as forty mothers of children with developing normally took part in the study. We used the Questionnaire on Resources and Stress (QRS, designed by J. Holroyd) to assess the parental stress among families of developmentally delayed children or children with intellectual disabilities. The results of the study indicate that, comparing to mothers of children with Down syndrome and mothers of children developing well, mothers of autistic children are the ones who experience the highest level of parental stress. Potential sources of coping strategies among mothers of children that suffer from autism are associated with relatively low stress levels as a result of disharmony within the family, personal issues, the child’s health situation and financial problems.

13

Radzenie sobie ze stresem rodziców dzieci z autyzmem

77%

Dudek M.

Interdyscyplinarne Konteksty Pedagogiki Specjalnej

|

2017

|

issue 19

127-145

PL

The appearance of a child with a disability is always a source of tremendous stress in the family. This problem is particularly evident in the case of an autistic child because of its unpredictable and untypical development. Every person during their life develops certain mechanisms to deal with difficult situations. According to Lazarus and Folkman (1987), dealing with stress mainly relies on specific intellectual activities and appropriate actions to control the requirements assessed by the person as burdensome or beyond his/her current possibilities. There are many ways of dealing with stress. The most common strategies include those focused on solving the problem (SSZ), emotional overreaction (SSE) and avoidance of stress (SSU) by engaging in substitute activities (ACZ) or seeking social interaction (CSA). It is assumed that an effective way to deal with stress consists in relating the needs and capabilities of an individual. The aim of this article was to investigate the ways of dealing with stress among 130 parents of autistic children.

14

Acquiring Epistemic Modal Auxiliaries: the Role of Theory of Mind

77%

De Mulder H. N. M., Gautero-Watzema A.

Research in Language

|

2018

|

vol. 16

|

issue 1

99-112

EN

This study considers the acquisition of epistemic modal auxiliaries (EMA) in typically developing (TD) and autistic children and the role that Theory of Mind (ToM) plays in this development. Nineteen Dutch-speaking TD children and ten autistic children received tasks assessing ToM, general linguistic ability and EMA comprehension. Results suggest that both groups have some understanding of the Dutch EMA system, but no significant differences were found between groups. However, once participants were divided into ToM passers and ToM failers irrespective of clinical diagnosis, results showed that passers performed significantly better than failers on EMA understanding. Having a good understanding of others’ mental states, as evidenced by full marks on ToM tasks, thus seems important in the acquisition of EMA.

15

Samoocena autyzmu – jak osoby ze spektrum zaburzeń autyzmu odbierają autyzm. Badania netnograficzne

77%

Błeszyński J. J.

Logopedia Silesiana

|

2019

|

issue 8

124-136

PL

From the times of Leon Kanner, autism was presented as a clinical image of behaviours. The descriptions were as comprehensive as possible, the diagnostic systems and therapies were optimised, and the analyses of various approaches to the etiology of autism were carried out. The contemporary knowledge is founded mainly on the analyses of behaviours, observations, and experiments. Cognition or self-awareness, which is a priority concept in this matter, can also be seen in the objects human beings create: in this case, people diagnosed with autism. The research was conducted at the turn of 2018 and 2019. The aim of the study was acquiring knowledge of autism perception by the individuals who are affected by ASD and able to communicate, according to the age and sex of the respondents. The research was conducted on 168 individuals diagnosed with autism (90 women and 78 men). The innovative aspect of this project lies in using the netnography method for collecting and analysing data. The findings of the research have helped to expand the knowledge of problems that ASD individuals experience and have allowed the subjects of the research to share their own perspectives, including the effect of social labeling on their position in the society.

16

Zakłócenia w dziedzinie podobieństwa w komunikacji językowej osób z autyzmem - i co z tego wynika

77%

Kominek A.

LingVaria : Półrocznik Wydziału Polonistyki UJ poświęcony zagadnieniom języka i językoznawstwa

|

2014

|

issue 18

55-68

EN

The paper refers to Roman Jakobson's famous work on the bipolar nature of language, Two Aspects of Language and Two Types of Aphasic Distrubances. Every user of language leads a discourse, or discourses, by continuously switching between metaphor and metonymy, i.e. between imaging by similarity and focusing on contiguity. Jakobson observed that different types of aphasia are located between two polar types. In the first type, the relation of similarity disappears; in the second, the relation of contiguity. Metaphor is alien to the disturbance in the sphere of similarity; metonymy to the disturbance in the sphere of contiguity. Autistic persons do not understand metaphors, though the relation of contiguity remains undisturbed; this leads to specific cognitive consequences. The observations made in this paper require further detailed studies.

17

Intensional profiles and different kinds of human minds. “Case studies” about Hungarian imperative-like sentence types

77%

Alberti G., Kleiber J., Schnell Z., Szabó V.

Linguistics Beyond and Within

|

2016

|

vol. 2

6-26

EN

The paper offers such description of some imperative-like sentence types in potential well-formed Hungarian utterances which includes a parallel representation of the linguistically encoded intensional profiles of the sentence types and actual information states in potential interlocutors’ minds. In our representational dynamic pragmasemantics framework ReALIS, we demonstrate the intensional profiles of the five basic and two “fine-tuned” sentence types as members of a system enabling addressers’ of utterances to express their beliefs, desires and intentions concerning the propositional content of the given utterances as well as the addressees’ and other people’s certain beliefs, desires and intentions (concerning the propositional content, too, or each other’s thoughts). We also provide “case studies” in which actual beliefs, desires and intentions in potential interlocutors’ minds are compared to the linguistically encoded intensional profiles of Hungarian imperative-like sentence types. In this context, the listener’s task is to calculate the speaker’s intentions (and hidden motives) on the basis of the mismatches that this comparison reveals. The paper concludes with an insight into our attempts to model the mind of individuals living with Autism Spectrum Disorder. This latter subproject is relevant since our framework provides solutions to pragmaticosemantic phenomena “at the cost” of undertaking the complex task of actually representing the structure of the human mind itself – which is not impossible but requires an adequate decision of the level of abstraction and the components to be used.

18

Udział teorii integracji sensorycznej w wyjaśnianiu przebiegu procesów neuropoznawczych u osób z autyzmem

77%

Krzysztofik K.

Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis. Studia Psychologica

|

2015

|

vol. 8

9-23

PL

Zaburzenia procesów przetwarzania sensorycznego występują w zależności od przyjętych kryteriów w około 42% do 88% osób z autyzmem (Filipek i in., 1999). Stanowią więc ważną charakterystykę ich funkcjonowania. Chronologiczny przegląd badań nad zaburzeniami integracji sensorycznej u osób z autyzmem pozwala zauważyć zmiany w kierunkach badań nad tym zjawiskiem: od opisów funkcjonowania osób z autyzmem w aspekcie sensorycznym, poprzez próby znalezienia prawidłowości w tym funkcjonowaniu do łączenia zaburzeń przetwarzania sensorycznego z nieprawidłowościami strukturalnymi i funkcjonalnymi w obrębie układu nerwowego. Ostatni z wymienionych kierunek badań znajduje swoje uzasadnienie nie tylko w założeniach teorii integracji sensorycznej, ale również w najnowszych neurokognitywistycznych teoriach wyjaśniających zjawisko autyzmu. Zgodnie z nimi przebieg procesów neuropsychologicznych, odpowiadając za zarządzanie zachowaniem i uczenie się, może wyjaśniać również funkcjonowanie osób z zaburzeniami w zachowaniu i uczeniu się, w tym również osób z autyzmem. Wskazując na implikacje neuronauki dla założeń teorii integracji sensorycznej artykuł ujawnia udział tej teorii w wyjaśnianiu zaburzeń ze spektrum autyzmu.

19

Kvalita života rodičov detí s autizmom

77%

Hrabovecká M.

E-psychologie (E-psychology)

|

2015

|

vol. 9

|

issue 1

16-28

EN

The theoretical paper deals with the quality of life of parents of autistic children. In its introduction, the paper describes the symptoms connected with the autism diagnosis and the influence of the diagnosis on the quality of a family everyday life. Later, the variables which contribute to higher or lower quality of life of those parents are described. The paper focuses on the comparison of the quality of life of parents of autistic children and parents of children with a typical development as well as parents of children with different diagnoses. The paper also describes the gender differences in the quality of life of mothers and fathers of autistic children.

SK

Teoretický príspevok sa zaoberá kvalitou života rodičov detí s autizmom. Príspevok v úvode opisuje prejavy spojené s diagnózou autizmu a jej vplyv na kvalitu každodenného života rodiny. Následne sú opísané premenné, ktoré prispievajú k vyššej a k nižšej kvalite života týchto rodičov. Príspevok sa zameriava na porovnanie kvality života rodičov detí s autizmom s kvalitou života rodičov detí s typickým vývinom a rodičov detí s inými diagnózami. Príspevok zachytáva aj rodové rozdiely v kvalite života matiek a otcov detí s autizmom.

20

Samoocena autyzmu – jak osoby ze spektrum zaburzeń autyzmu odbierają autyzm. Badania netnograficzne

77%

Błeszyński J. J.

Logopedia Silesiana

|

2019

|

issue 8

124-136

PL

From the times of Leon Kanner, autism was presented as a clinical image of behaviours. The descriptions were as comprehensive as possible, the diagnostic systems and therapies were optimised, and the analyses of various approaches to the etiology of autism were carried out. The contemporary knowledge is founded mainly on the analyses of behaviours, observations, and experiments. Cognition or self-awareness, which is a priority concept in this matter, can also be seen in the objects human beings create: in this case, people diagnosed with autism. The research was conducted at the turn of 2018 and 2019. The aim of the study was acquiring knowledge of autism perception by the individuals who are affected by ASD and able to communicate, according to the age and sex of the respondents. The research was conducted on 168 individuals diagnosed with autism (90 women and 78 men). The innovative aspect of this project lies in using the netnography method for collecting and analysing data. The findings of the research have helped to expand the knowledge of problems that ASD individuals experience and have allowed the subjects of the research to share their own perspectives, including the effect of social labeling on their position in the society.

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