Search results

1

Conceptualization of the Gene in Richard Dawkins’ The Selfish Gene

100%

Drogosz A.

Academic Journal of Modern Philology

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2017

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vol. 6

75-84

EN

This paper investigates the conceptualization of the gene in the book The Selfish Gene by Richard Dawkins from the point of view of the Conceptual Metaphor Theory and the Conceptual Blending Theory. It is argued that there are two senses of the gene: gene1 is a physically existing section of the DNA, gene2 is information about protein synthesis. It is the second sense of the concept of the gene that undergoes metaphorization. The analysis reveals that Dawkins’ gene is a conceptual blend which becomes extensively elaborated. Through elaboration the gene becomes personified on the one hand and deified on the other. The study shows the richness of Dawkins’ personification: the gene is conceptualized as building and controlling organisms, cooperating and competing with other genes, even showing personality traits. Deification of the gene is focused on highlighting its stipulated immortality and power to create organisms, humans included. The gene blend is at the same time used as an input space in the integration network producing the meme blend. It is also established that the personification of the gene plays the theory-constitutive role in the sense of Boyd (1993).

2

“Piękni i bestie” (“The Beauties and the Beasts”) – Local Context in Conceptual Integration Networks

100%

Cichmińska M.

Acta Neophilologica

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2012

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issue XIV/2

5-12

EN

The aim of the article is to discuss the importance of local context in conceptual integration networks as proposed by Coulson and Oakley [2007]. Their concept of grounding box is discussed with reference to the headline Piękni i bestie [The Beauties and the Beasts] from “Gazeta Wyborcza” (28th–29th May, 2011).

3

Minor word-formation processes in jargon bird names in English.

100%

Kos P.

Linguistica Pragensia

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2014

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vol. 24

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issue 1

7-18

EN

The present paper analyzes minor word-formation processes, namely clipping, blending, initialism, and motivation by linguistic form, on one specific sample of the English lexicon — jargon bird names. It aims to search for tendencies which prove to be systematic as well as for those which prove to be idiosyncratic. The two major motivations behind coining jargon bird names is the brevity of form and humour. The brevity of form is achieved predominantly by clipping, the processes of blending and initialism not being very frequent. Humour displays itself mainly through motivation by linguistic form, a process in which original names are modified to resemble other existing words. Jargon bird names prove to be generally systematic with a few idiosyncratic features.

4

Humour as a Carrier of Memory within Culture. A few Remarks on the English Sense of Humour and its Relation to the Collective Memory of the British Society, seen from the Perspective of Cognitive Integration Theory

88%

Jabłońska-Hood J.

Horyzonty Wychowania

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2016

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vol. 15

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issue 36

87-105

EN

RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: The purpose of my article is to present the notion of cultural memory as applied to both the English society as well as the English sense of humour, and to examine these in relation to WW2 by means of the cognitive integration theory, aka blending. THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHODS: The presented research problem hinges around the term of memory, specifically the collective memory of the English, as perceived with regard to its multimodal conceptualization with the culture, together with its inextricable link with the English sense of humour. All this has been scrutinised by a linguistic method, i.e. conceptual integration theory, and the references to the literature in question. THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION: Having defined the goal of my paper, and the basic concepts pertaining to it (memory, collective memory, English sense of humour), I proceed to the brief explanation of the linguistic paradigm, i.e. blending theory, which is employed within this study. Then, I present the analysis of the English humour tackling the subject of the Second World War, which is performed with the aid of the blending theory. RESEARCH RESULTS: The result of this argumentation is the preservation of the glorious memories of the British past via the English sense of humour, which helps to deal with the trauma and the not‑so‑glarious moments of the English history. CONCLUSIONS, INNOVATIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: This analysis confirmed that conceptual integration theory can be utilized as a tool with which to analyse the collective memory of the English and their sense of humour. It also proved that the English nation employs their humour into the processing of the historical past, which softens the blow of the horrendous events, and makes it possible for the English to glorify and idealise their role within the world’s arena.

5

Three Layers of Metaphors in Ross Macdonald’s Black Money

88%

Zdunkiewicz L.

Text Matters: A Journal of Literature, Theory and Culture

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2019

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issue 9

259-270

EN

In his early career, Kenneth Millar, better known as Ross Macdonald, emulated the style of Dashiell Hammett and Raymond Chandler. By the 1960s he had established himself as a distinct voice in the hardboiled genre. In his Lew Archer series, he conveys the complexity of his characters and settings primarily by the use of metaphors. In his 1966 novel Black Money the device performs three functions. In the case of minor characters, the author uses metaphors to comment on Californian society. Concurrently, metaphors describing major characters allow him to develop their dramatic arcs, whereas the recurring elements of the leitmotif serve to demonstrate the narrating detective’s growing concerns with the ongoing investigation. Arguably, it was Macdonald’s use of metaphors that helped define his unique voice.

6

What is the Impact of Multimodality and Intersubjectivity on the English Humour?

88%

Jabłońska-Hood J.

Horyzonty Wychowania

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2020

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vol. 19

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issue 52

83-92

EN

RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: The purpose of my article is to demonstrate how the terms of multimodality and intersubjectivity function within the areana of English humour, specifically in reference to a chosen sitcom. To this means I shall employ the cognitive apparatus of conceptual integration theory, aka blending. THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHODS: The presented research problem centres around the notions of intersubjectivity, i.e. the human ability to display a shared perception of reality with regard to members of their own community, as well as multimodality, i.e. the use of more than one sense for the purpose of meaning rendition. Both phenomena are studied here with regard to the English humour, whose explanation is based on a cognitive linguistic method of blending. THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION: Having explained the term ‘English humour’, I then clarify intersubjectivity, multimodality and cognitive integration, which will serve here as the tools for the purpose of my humour analysis. Therein I intend to show how they interlink and how their roles influence the comprehension of English humour. RESEARCH RESULTS: The result of this argumentation is constituted by the fact that intersubjectivity and multimodality together with blending can greatly enhance the comprehension of the amusing contents within English comedy. CONCLUSIONS, INNOVATIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS: The analysis confirms that conceptual integration theory, as enriched by intersubjectivity and multimodality, provides a humour researcher with a concrete apparatus for measuring humour effects. However, further research is advocated into the process of blending, as accompanied by intersubjectivity and multimodality, with recourse to English humour as well as other types of humour, e.g. the Polish comedy, in order to provide contrastive evidence for these tools and their usefulness or effectiveness.

7

How do the English Project Themselves? Notes on the Selfhood and Identity Referring to the English, as Seen From the Perspective of Humour Studies

75%

Jabłońska-Hood J.

Przegląd Humanistyczny

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2020

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vol. 64(2 (469))

19-48

EN

English humour is religiously involved in the creation of the English identity drawing on the nation’s memory, history as well as culture. A great deal of it is devoted to the preservation of a certain self-portrait on the part of the English in that their identity is glorified, demonstrated in a positive light, with the English invariably playing a noble role against the backdrop of historical events, frequently standing alone in the presence of traumatic and unpredictable changes. This article aims to examine English comedy from a cognitive linguistic perspective to demonstrate how the English identity is formulated and (re)shaped, and how the concept of the English self is proudly created in relation to the national identity via the cultural memories and English humour.

8

Pidżin zrodzony z żartu? Przypadek języka kraju San Escobar

75%

Badyda E.

Język. Religia. Tożsamość

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2021

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issue 1(23)

7-22

EN

The article analyzes onomastic material from the map of San Escobar, which was created on the Internet, with the intention of mockery, after a slip of the diplomat Witold Waszczykowski, who in January 2017 listed the non-existent state of San Escobar among the Caribbean countries, which was publicized by the media and released huge activity of Internet users. The author argues that the material reveals the framework of the satirically created fictional Escobar language, which fills the element of the conceptual structure of San Escobar, blended from the concepts of Poland, Latin America and fictional countries. The language revealed can be perceived as a pidgin based on Polish and Spanish.

9

The Structural-Semantic Features of Computer Terms in English

63%

Bogachyk M., Bihunov D.

Cognitive Studies

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2020

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issue 20

EN

The Structural-Semantic Features of Computer Terms in EnglishThe article is devoted to the study of the structural and semantic characteristics of computer terms in English. The peculiarities of the word-formation process and the functioning of English computer terms are analysed. Strukturalne i semantyczne cechy terminów komputerowych w języku angielskimArtykuł poświęcony jest badaniu cech strukturalnych i semantycznych terminów komputerowych w języku angielskim. Przeanalizowano specyfikę procesu słowotwórstwa i funkcjonowania angielskich terminów komputerowych.

10

“Girding up the Loins”: A Cognitive Sematic Analysis of Humorous Expressions

51%

Kövecses Z.

Półrocznik Językoznawczy Tertium

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2016

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vol. 1

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issue 1&2

PL

Duża liczba wyrażeń żartobliwych w języku angielskim, a także w innych językach, charakteryzuje się obecnością takich procesów poznawczych, jak metonimia, metafora, integracja pojęciowa czy amalgamat. Te wyrażenia figuratywne nie są jednak ani niezbędne ani konieczne, aby efekt humorystyczny mógł zaistnieć. Zgadzając się z innymi badaczami, proponuję dla scharakteryzowania wyrażeń żartobliwych przyjąć istnienie pojęcia niespójności pojęciowej czy też niezgodności wewnątrz albo między ramami poznawczymi. W niniejszym artykule przedstawiam klasyfikację wybranych typów niespójności czy też niezgodności, występujących w moim zbiorze wyrażeń żartobliwych. Istnienie dużej liczby wyrażeń żartobliwych opartych o metonimię, metaforę czy amalgamat da się moim zdaniem wyjaśnić tym, że te środki stylistyczne tworzą lub ułatwiają tworzenie się niespójności. Analiza szeregu wyrażeń żartobliwych umożliwi wstępne naszkicowanie kognitywnego wyjaśnienia mechanizmu, który powoduje, że te wyrażenia wywołują efekt humorystyczny.

EN

A large number of humorous linguistic expressions in English (and also in other languages) are characterized by such cognitive processes as metonymy, metaphor, and conceptual integration, or blending. However, these figurative devices are neither sufficient nor necessary for humorous effects. Following other researchers, I suggest that in order to account for humorous expressions we need the notion of conceptual incongruity, or incompatibility inside or between frames of knowledge. In the paper I will take stock of some of the commonly occurring types of incongruity, or incompatibility, in my data of humorous expressions. I will account for the existence of a large number of metonymy-, metaphor-, and blending-based humorous expressions by proposing that these figurative devices create or facilitate the creation of incongruities. The analyses of a number of humorous expressions will make it possible to suggest a rough and sketchy cognitive linguistic account of the humorous effect of these expressions.

11

Integracja pojęciowa jako fundamentalny mechanizm ludzki w języku

51%

Jabłońska-Hood J.

Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Sklodowska, sectio FF – Philologia

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2016

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vol. 34

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issue 1

EN

According to Fauconnier and Turner, human conceptualisation is based around the process referred to as conceptual integration, aka blending. How it works is basically that language users, or rather their brains, tend to pick and mix selective elements of diverse mental spaces (or input spaces) as a base for novel meaning creation, which is resultant from the blend of such inputs. Thus, language creativity and originality hinges on the blending of correspondences that are mapped onto one another in order to come up with a third new quality that has not existed in language before, as it would seem. In my paper, I would like to display how cognitive integration processes operate in regard of humour within language. Further, I would like to prove that blending may well be considered a fundamental prerequisite for creativity with recourse to the comic use of language.

PL

Niniejszy artykuł wyjaśnia, na przykładzie komizmu językowego, mechanizm funkcjonowania integracji pojęciowej oraz rządzące nim prawa w odniesieniu do kreatywności językowej. Składa się z trzech części. Na wstępie autorka przedstawia podstawowe założenia teorii integracji pojęciowej, wykorzystanej w dalszej części do analizy materiału językowego. Następnie, na podstawie wybranych przykładów kreatywnego użycia języka, udowadnia, że amalgamat i przestrzenie mentalne powinny zostać uznane za podstawowy mechanizm kreatywności człowieka w języku. Na zakończenie, podsumowując przeprowadzone analizy, przedstawia najistotniejsze dla językowej działalności człowieka elementy integracji pojęciowej, bez których konceptualizacja oraz kreatywność językowa byłyby niemożliwe lub ograniczone.

12

PRZYGOTOWANIE DO PRZESTĘPSTWA PRANIA PIENIęDZY

38%

Suchowierski B.

Zeszyty Prawnicze

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2019

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vol. 19

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issue 3

131-154

EN

In a report addressed to Poland assessing Poland’s penalisation of money laundering the EU Moneyval Committee failed to take into account the diﬀerences between the Continental system of law and common law. Moneyval did not consider certain institutions in the general part of Polish Penal Code, either. As a result it issued a negative report, accusing Poland of failure to criminalise the preparatory stage of money laundering. In response to the report the Polish legislator criminalised the preparatory stage of the commission of money laundering, despite criticism from the Supreme Court and the Bureau of Research attached to the Chancellery of Sejm, justifying its move solely on the grounds of the Moneyval report. This article presents the international standard for the anti-money laundering system and shows that the Polish legal system is compatible with it. I show that Moneyval’s allegations were wrong, firstly because Moneyval misconstrued the international standard, and secondly because most cases of the initial phase of money laundering were punishable in Poland even before the penalisation of the preparatory stage. I also show that countries are not legally bound by Moneyval reports. I express a view that the Polish anti-money laundering system may have become less eﬀective due to the introduction of a special measure to penalise the preparatory stage of money laundering.

PL

Unijny Komitet Moneyval w ramach raportu skierowanego wobec Polski, oceniając kryminalizację prania pieniędzy w Polsce, nie uwzględnił różnic panujących między systemem prawa kontynentalnego a systemem common law oraz instytucji części ogólnej polskiego k.k. Wynikiem tego był negatywny raport zarzucający brak kryminalizacji przygotowania do prania pieniędzy. W odpowiedzi na ten raport, ustawodawca pomimo krytyki płynącej ze strony Sądu Najwyższego i Biura Analiz Sejmowych spenalizował formę stadialną przygotowania do prania pieniędzy, uzasadniając to wyłącznie raportem Moneyval. W artykule odtworzono międzynarodowy standard przeciwdziałania praniu pieniędzy oraz wykazano, że Polski system prawny w pełni jemu odpowiada. Dowiedziono, że zarzuty Moneyval były niesłusznie, gdyż: po pierwsze komitet ten nieprawidłowo odtworzył standard międzynarodowy, a po drugie faza wstępna prania pieniędzy była w większości przypadków karalna w Polsce jeszcze przed penalizacją formy stadialnej przygotowania. Dowiedziono także, że kraje nie są związane raportami Moneyval. W opracowaniu wyrażono pogląd uzasadniający tezę, że polski system przeciwdziałania praniu pieniędzy mógł stracić na sile wskutek penalizacji formy stadialnej przygotowania do prania pieniędzy.

Refine search results

Conceptualization of the Gene in Richard Dawkins’ The Selfish Gene

“Piękni i bestie” (“The Beauties and the Beasts”) – Local Context in Conceptual Integration Networks

Minor word-formation processes in jargon bird names in English.

Humour as a Carrier of Memory within Culture. A few Remarks on the English Sense of Humour and its Relation to the Collective Memory of the British Society, seen from the Perspective of Cognitive Integration Theory

Three Layers of Metaphors in Ross Macdonald’s Black Money

What is the Impact of Multimodality and Intersubjectivity on the English Humour?

How do the English Project Themselves? Notes on the Selfhood and Identity Referring to the English, as Seen From the Perspective of Humour Studies

Pidżin zrodzony z żartu? Przypadek języka kraju San Escobar

The Structural-Semantic Features of Computer Terms in English

“Girding up the Loins”: A Cognitive Sematic Analysis of Humorous Expressions

Integracja pojęciowa jako fundamentalny mechanizm ludzki w języku

PRZYGOTOWANIE DO PRZESTĘPSTWA PRANIA PIENIęDZY