Search results

1

Disagreements in Iranian dissertation defenses

100%

Izadi A.

Lodz Papers in Pragmatics

|

2013

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vol. 9

|

issue 2

199-224

EN

Despite having unwelcome effects on interpersonal relationships, disagreements constitute the mainstream of talk in dissertation defense sessions. This paper reports on variations in the design of disagreement turns in 20 Iranian defense sessions in L2 English. Drawing on and modifying Locher’s (2004) classification of disagreement strategies, turns were classified into two main categories of “mitigated” and “unmitigated”. Then, for each category, linguistic and paralinguistic devices, which were used in framing disagreements, were identified. The data features almost an equal number of mitigated and unmitigated disagreements. “But with hedged contradictory remarks”, and “hedges” were the most frequent mitigating strategies, whereas “Direct opposite views” and “but with contradictory remarks” were the most frequent strategies in unmitigated and aggravated disagreements. Finally, the implications of the results for research on face and institutional talk are discussed.

2

Verbal Aggressiveness in Communication in Media and Online. A Case Study of the TV Cooking Show »Spread«

100%

Svobodova J., Nováková E.

Bohemistyka

|

2019

|

issue 4

427-459

EN

The paper discusses verbal aggressiveness and (im)politeness in media and online communication. The analysis focuses on transcriptions of communicative acts by participants of the TV reality Spread! ("Prostřeno!", a Czech version of the programme Come Dine with me) and viewers' comments in related online discussions. The analysis indicated that the use of face-threatening acts was determined by a type of communicative interaction and interlocutors' social roles. Striving to construct a positive self-image, the participants in the show did not take the risk of losing their face due to usage of derogatory or vulgar expressions in face-to-face inter- actions. The anonymous online discussions, on the contrary, did not pose any risk for the positive faces of the speakers; therefore, the interlocutors showed clear tendency to either appreciate and support, or attack the contestants as well as other speakers.

3

Face, linguistic (im)politeness and polyphony in Thomas Hardy’s "Far from the Madding Crowd"

100%

Mugford G.

Crossroads. A Journal of English Studies

|

2013

|

issue 1

54-68

EN

Thomas Hardy’s novel "Far from the Madding Crowd" provides a stark contrast in how the characters project their face (Goffman 1967) and how they seek approval from others. Such a contrast can be analysed in terms of Bakhtin’s polyphony – the many voices found in a text which includes the author’s portrayal of his protagonists and how they interact with each other. In order to highlight this contrast and its way of coming across, I examine how three key characters in the novel, Gabriel Oak, Sergeant Frank Troy and William Boldwood, present themselves interpersonally. I use the concept of linguistic (im)politeness to demonstrate how the protagonists try to further themselves, especially in their pursuit of Bathsheba Everdene. I argue that a linguistic (im)politeness approach can also be applied to other novels of Thomas Hardy and indeed to a wider range of literature.

4

Kradzież twarzy. O pewnym przypadku aktorskich wykroczeń przeciw cenzurze obyczajowej w XIX wieku

100%

Jarząbek-Wasyl D.

Didaskalia. Gazeta Teatralna

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2022

|

issue 169-170

206-232

EN

The article is devoted to the ban on representing living people in theatre in the 19th century. The phenomenon of copying the physiognomy, behaviour and gestures of living, recognisable people on stage caused a lot of controversy, but it also constantly aroused much interest among spectators. The article presents a number of examples of violations of the principle of “not touching” living people, from the times of Bohomolec to the times of Wyspiański.  The author analyses three main motivations for the ban on portraying real people on stage, ethical, aesthetic and socio-psychological, using legal documents, rules of acting, anecdotes and memories. In the methodological layer she makes reference to, inter alia, the anthropology of the image, caricature and new studies on the history of theatre.

5

Origen y evolución de las fórmulas de saludo con besar en español

100%

Zieliński A.

Studia Romanica Posnaniensia

|

2019

|

vol. 46

|

issue 4

17-27

EN

The aim of the paper is to analyse two Spanish greeting formulas derivated from the atelic predicate besar las manos (y los pies) ‘to kiss the hands (and feet)’, which, despite their apparent formal resemblance, came to codify totally opposite socio-pragmatic values. Through the systematic search in epistolary texts until the beginnings of the 20th century we will try to find (i) the socio-pragmatic factors that play the most important role in each type of greeting; (ii) the paradigmatic origin of each formula, and (iii) their sociocultural distribution.

6

Image-Arbeit im Interview – Fallstudie am Beispiel eines „Spiegel“-Interviews mit Boris Becker

100%

Duch-Adamczyk J.

Germanica Wratislaviensia

|

2018

|

vol. 143

151 - 168

DE

Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird der Versuch unternommen, ein Interview mit einer prominenten Person unter dem Aspekt der Image-Arbeit und der Emotionalität im Gespräch zu untersuchen. Vor diesem Hintergrund werden der Begriff des face und Marker der Emotionalität besprochen. Am Beispiel eines Interviews mit Boris Becker wird gezeigt, wie Images variieren können und wie sie sprachlich manifestiert werden. Anschließend wird die gesamte Analyse ausgewertet und zusammengefasst.

EN

The paper deals with the language and strategies of self-presentation in an interview with a prominent person. Special attention is given to image-work and emotionality in conversation. Against this background, the concept of the face-work and the emotionality in interviews are discussed. Presented on the example of an interview with Boris Becker, the author attempts to show how images can vary and how they can be expressed verbally. The paper ends with evaluation and conclusions.

7

On the Irony-Affect Interface in Political Discourse

88%

Strukowska M.

Academic Journal of Modern Philology

|

2021

|

issue 12

179-194

EN

The main aim of this paper is to identify patterns in the communication of irony in political discourse, and to determine the role of negative emotions in conveying ironic meaning. The first point to be considered is how politicians use irony, which communicates a contextually incongruent meaning. To be specific, the author’s aim is to investigate what mechanisms of negative politeness are communicated by irony. The second issue to be analysed is the role of negative affect and irony in political discourse. Consequently, the author’s aim is to investigate whether such an interface is socially acceptable and justified in parliamentary discourse. The empirical part of the research seeks to probe the language-affect interface in human interaction. The qualitative and quantitative elements of the analysis lead to results that corroborate the findings relating to the Tinge Hypothesis of Shelley Dews and Ellen Winner (1995: 3), which underscore that irony mutes negative emotions. The paper also takes the perspective of linguistic pragmatics and sociology to highlight the individual factors which play a crucial role in communicating irony. These include face-threatening acts (henceforth: FTAs), role-taking, and negative emotions (evaluations). Another aspect to be considered is the role of the speaker in producing ironic meaning. The author expounds upon the patterns of communication among politicians who share affect-imbued ironic meanings.

8

Katecheza o grzechu Kaina na podstawie perykopy z Rdz 4,1-16

88%

Adamczyk D.

Studia Pastoralne

|

2010

|

vol. 6

183-202

EN

Cain selfishly negated differentiation in the world, which was established by God. He lacked an appropriate relationship with himself. He didn’t overcome evil tendencies, didn’t gain control over sin and allowed himself to commit murder. Breaking our relationship with God leads to injustice in relations with others. Even after his sin, God attempts to re-establish dialogue with Cain, who however again turns out to be hardened toward God’s voice. For his sin he is cursed and outcast. God still promises him protection and places a mark upon him. Because He wants the conversion of the sinner more then his death. God gives him a chance for transformation.

9

Code Choice and Face

75%

Lavric E.

Lodz Papers in Pragmatics

|

2007

|

vol. 3

|

issue -1

23-35

EN

This paper starts by presenting the factors that govern language choices among multilinguals, to show then that they can be seen as the result of face considerations:1) "Natural" or "efficient" language choice: choosing the language for which the product of the competences of both partners is highest. This maximizes the negative face, i.e. the freedom of action, of both partners.2) Language practice: choosing a language not because it is the easiest one but because one wishes to practice it. This means reducing one's positive and negative face for the moment in order to increase them in the long run.3) Prestige or its opposite, fear of losing face by making mistakes. This is clearly the positive face aspect of language choices.4) And finally, compliance: adapting to the language preferences of one's partner by speaking either his mother tongue, or a language s/he has a preference for. This means reducing one's own negative face in order to increase the one of the partner. Which in turn will contribute to the positive face of both partners, one feeling important because s/he is being complied with, and the other getting the image of a kind and polite person.

10

Political Dialogue as Room for Verbal Aggression

75%

SVOBODOVÁ J.

Bohemistyka

|

2020

|

issue 4

503-530

EN

The author analyses two specific communicative events within the political discourse in the current work. The analysis involves a dialogue between two politicians who meet face to face in a TV studio and the subsequent communication taking place on the Internet after the dialogue was made public. The utilization of offensive communicative strategies is a typical feature in political media communication where a communicating party attacks the communication counterpart with the intention of challenging his/her positive face and emphasizing his/her negative character traits in front of potential voters, while at the same time emphasizing his/her own positive values. For this reason, the author analyses the individual strategies employed by politicians with this intention in a particular communicative event. The work provides an entire chapter dealing with strategies used by participants in an Internet discussion. In this case, the communication takes place among speakers who do not know each other, so the aim of the work is to investigate whether attacks against one’s face take place even in this kind of communication, and if so, what personality traits of the communicants are attacked.

11

Stance and politeness in spoken Latvian

75%

Chojnicka J.

Lingua Posnaniensis

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2015

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vol. 57

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issue 1

25-40

EN

The present article is concerned with the concept of stance and its relationship to face, face work and politeness applied to Latvian spoken discourse. It offers an extensive review of relevant literature on stance and politeness theories, followed by an illustrative analysis of politeness strategies and stance markers found in a radio interview. On this basis, the article argues that stance markers - epistemic, evidential, mirative and hedging devices - may be considered a negative politeness strategy, responding to the speaker’s and hearer’s desire for autonomy. In conclusion, it suggests a hypothesis that could explain differing use of stance markers and politeness strategies by speakers fulfilling varying conversational roles and of various social standing.

12

When the smile is not enough: The interactive role of smiling and facial characteristics in forming judgments about trustworthiness and dominance

75%

Olszanowski M., Parzuchowski M., Szymków A.

Roczniki Psychologiczne

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2019

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vol. 22

|

issue 1

35-52

EN

People often assess other people’s personality traits merely based on their emotional expression or the physical features of their faces. In this paper we review the evidence of biases when formulating judgments of trustworthiness and confidence from two types of facial characteristics. One line of evidence documents the influence of emotional expressions representing an individual’s motivational state and reflecting agents’ intentions. People’s judgment about the trustworthiness or attractiveness of others largely depends on the emotions expressed. The second line of evidence describes how facial appearance (e.g., cues of physical strength or resemblance to one’s own face) affects the inferences of personality traits. The two experiments described in this paper investi-gated the interplay between these two factors (i.e., facial features and emotional expression) and their combined influence on social judgments. We hypothesized and tested how both facial features conveying trustworthiness (vs. dominance) and a smiling (vs. neutral) expression influence judgments of trustworthiness and confidence (Study 1). We also tested the influence of facial resemblance in an interaction with a smiling individual when forming judgments (Study 2). We found that relatively static facial features conveying trust had more impact on judgments of trustworthiness than emotional expressions, yet emotional expressions seem to be more impactful for judgments of dominance. The results of both studies are discussed from a sociocognitive perspective.

13

Sympatyczność twarzy – wstęp do oceny uwarunkowań

75%

Filipowicz J., Uniwersytet Łódzki W. N. o. W., joanna90@vp.pl

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Psychologica

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2015

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vol. 19

PL

Celem niniejszego badania była wstępna eksploracja uwarunkowań sympatyczności twarzy. Jako że sympatyczność nie była wcześniej przedmiotem zainteresowania polskich badaczy, poszukiwano potwierdzenia, że jest ona zmienną odrębną od atrakcyjności fizycznej, a także możliwą do instynktownej oceny wyłącznie na podstawie krótkotrwałej ekspozycji twarzy. Sprawdzano też, czy ekspresja emocjonalna ma wpływ na to, jak oceniana jest sympatyczność oraz próbowano rozstrzygnąć, czy jest to cecha obiektywna, czy też istnieją różnice między ludźmi w jej postrzeganiu. Badaniem objęto 82 osoby (41 mężczyzn i 41 kobiet) w wieku od 18 do 30 lat. Wyniki świadczą o tym, że sympatyczność twarzy należy rozpatrywać jako zmienną odrębną od atrakcyjności fizycznej i podlegającą subiektywnej ocenie. Wykazano, że pozytywna ekspresja emocjonalna może sprzyjać wysokim ocenom sympatyczności. Wiele poruszonych kwestii dotyczących sympatyczności twarzy wciąż wymaga rozstrzygnięcia ze względu na ograniczenia niniejszych badań, jednak można mieć nadzieję, że dadzą one asumpt do przyszłych rozważań.

EN

The goal of the current study was to make an introduction to exploring the determinants of face likability. It was also essential for the study to make a distinction between likeability and physical attractiveness since likeability hasn’t been researched into in Polish studies so far. The influence of emotional expressions on the judgements of face likeability was also examined and the subjectivity of the judgements was explored. 82 subjects (41 men and 41 women) aged 18 to 30 participated in the study. The results indicated that likeability cannot be equated with physical attractiveness and that the judgements about it are made subjectively. It was also demonstrated that faces with positive emotional expressions may seem more likeable. There are still a lot of questions concerning face likeability that need to be answered; this study will hopefully encourage the further debate.

14

Epifania twarzy czy iluzja maski? O zmaganiu się człowieka w ujęciu filozofii dramatu Józefa Tischnera

75%

Mizdrak I.

Przestrzenie Teorii

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2021

|

issue 36

257-271

EN

The aim of the article is to present human issues in the context of the face and the mask as its negative. This is to bring us closer to a better diagnosis of the human condition today and the changes that can be articulated on its basis. Both the face and the mask are multi-context, and any attempt to define them encounters a number of difficulties. In Józef Tischner’s philosophy of drama, the face is a condition for the essence of the meeting. On the other hand, the mask, as an appearance and falsification of the truth of the face, is placed in the ambiguous perspective of hiding, concealing, mystifying or obscuring or obscuring the image of the face. Thanks to the face, man is somehow “at home”, and in the bonds of the mask he is somewhat “out of place”, he is lying. The face is relational and the mask is reactionary. Inquiries about whether the face brings closer and reveals the naked being of a human intensified questions about the nature of the face itself and whether it is possible to reach the pure phenomenon of the face as such. Both the face and the mask reveal important moments in the characteristics of a human being as a dramatic being, in which questions about meaning, identity, freedom and responsibility, as well as what is “between” I and You, gain in intensity and imply new attempts to reveal who is a human.

15

Twarz miasta: próba zdefiniowania

66%

Koszko M.

Scripta Neophilologica Posnaniensia

|

2020

|

vol. 20

EN

Cities belong to the main habitats of human beings. Urban space is a peculiar type of space due to cultural, social, ethnic and linguistic diversity of its inhabitants. This diversity creates a unique image and identity of each urban settlement. The present paper defines the uniqueness of the city as its parameter, its ‘face’. Similarly to the biological face, the face of the city is inimitable. In order to define the ‘face of the city’, a survey was conducted in which the main parts of the human face (eyes, ears, nose, mouth) were compared to the features of the urban space. The survey also focused on expression, biological processes (youth, old age), applied treatments, such as ornamentation, as well as on general changes in image.

16

Twarz i inne wyznaczniki dynamiki interakcyjnej w kontekście kulturowym

63%

Bogdanowska-Jakubowska E.

Półrocznik Językoznawczy Tertium

|

2016

|

vol. 1

|

issue 1&2

EN

The subject of the study is the concept of face (self-image of a person) and its role ininterpersonal contacts. The social meaning of face depends on a cultural context, particularly on values that dominate in a culture and on the nature of social relations which occur there.In Western cultures face is regarded as the main indicator of the dynamics of social interaction.It does not play an equally significant role in all cultures, however. The present article aims at presenting the main indicators of interactive dynamics in Anglo-American and Polish cultures.

PL

Przedmiotem pracy jest pojęcie twarzy (wizerunku własnego jednostki) oraz jego rola w kontaktach międzyludzkich. Społeczne znaczenie twarzy uzależnione jest od kontekstu kulturowego, a w szczególności od wartości dominujących w danej kulturze oraz od charakteru relacji społecznych tam występujących. Twarz uważana jest za główny wyznacznik dynamiki interakcji społecznej w kulturach zachodnich. Nie we wszystkich kulturach, jednak, pełni ona tak ważną rolę. Celem pracy jest przedstawienie głównych wyznaczników dynamiki interakcyjnej w kulturze anglo-amerykańskiej i polskiej.

17

Facial Recognition and Posthuman Technologies in Shakespeare’s Sonnets

63%

Darcy R.

Multicultural Shakespeare: Translation, Appropriation and Performance

|

2021

|

vol. 24

|

issue 39

153-167

EN

The human face, real and imagined, has long figured into various forms of cultural and personal recognition-to include citizenship, in both the modern and the ancient world. But beyond affiliations related to borders and government, the human face has also figured prominently into biometrics that feed posthuman questions and anxieties. For while one requirement of biometrics is concerned with “unicity,” or that which identifies an individual as unique, another requirement is that it identify “universality,” confirming an individual’s membership in the species. Shakespeare’s sonnets grapple with the crisis of encountering a universal beauty in a unique specimen to which Time and Nature nonetheless afford no special privilege. Between fair and dark lies a posthuman lament over the injustice of natural law and the social valorizations arbitrarily marshaled to defend it.

18

Gniewne oblicze Pana. Hermeneutyka kilku biblijnych kolokacji

63%

Szymik S. H.

Verbum Vitae

|

2018

|

vol. 34

15-36

EN

The author analyses biblical collocations used by writers of the Old Testament to describe God’s disapproval, anger and wrath, or even his absence. The essential specific component of these statements is the biblical anthropomorphism “the face of the Lord”, which points to God himself via certain Hebrew verbs. The first idiom, with YHWH as the subject (“I will set My face against” – נתן את־פני ב), occurs several times in the Old Testament and describes a violent action of God against a sinner or whole nation not observing his commandments, or breaking the Covenant. The next expression (“to hide Thy [your] face from” – סתר פני מן) occurs much more frequently in the Old Testament, principally in two contexts. The collocation plays a significant role in the Psalms, especially laments, and also in collective lamentations over Israel. The hiding of God’s face, from an individual or the people of Israel, means the experience of the temporary or permanent absence of God, and sometimes his anger and punishment for infidelity. In the final part, the author discusses some other collocations, among them “to cast out of My sight” (שלך מעל פני), and similarly “to remove from My sight” (מעל פני‎ סור). Both expressions indicate a disruption of Israel’s relationship with God, the outer signs being the historical deportations of Israel (722 BC) and Judah (586 BC). Ultimately, however, the rejection of Israel and the absence of God, and likewise his anger, are not permanent and irreversible, since the Lord’s grace and mercy prevail.

PL

Autor omawia wybrane kolokacje biblijne, za pomocą których autorzy natchnieni Starego Testamentu przedstawiali niełaskę i gniew Boga, także Jego nieobecność w ludzie Bożym. Istotnym, specjalnym składnikiem tych wypowiedzi jest antropomorfizm „oblicze Pana” wskazujący na Boga uzupełniony o wybrane czasowniki hebrajskie. Pierwsza fraza („zwrócę me oblicze przeciw” – נתן את־פני ב) występuje w Starym Testamencie tylko kilka razy. Idiom opisuje stanowcze działanie Boga skierowane przeciw jednostce lub społeczności Izraela łamiących postanowienia Prawa i zawarte przymierze. Kolejne wyrażenie („ukryć swe oblicze przed” – סתר פני מן) spotykane jest w Starym Testamencie dużo częściej, głównie w dwóch kontekstach: lamentacji jednostki oraz w wołaniach całego ludu. Ukrycie się Bożego oblicza oznacza chwilową lub trwałą nieobecność Boga w życiu jednostki i całego narodu, czasem doświadczenie Bożego gniewu. W trzeciej części omówione zostały dwie inne kolokacje: „odrzucić od mego oblicza” (hebr. שלך מעל פני) oraz „odtrącić od mego oblicza” (מעל פני‎ סור). Obydwa wyrażenia opisują zerwanie relacji między Bogiem a narodem wybranym, czego zewnętrznym znakiem były deportacje, kolejno Izraela i Judy (722 i 586 przed Chrystusem). Ostatecznie jednak odwrócenie, ukrycie się i nieobecność Boga, a nawet jego gniew nie mają charakteru trwałego i nieodwracalnego, zwyciężają bowiem Boża łaskawość i miłosierdzie.

19

Milan Kundera on the Uniqueness of One’s Self

63%

Hart J. G.

Eidos. A Journal for Philosophy of Culture

|

2018

|

vol. 2

|

issue 3(5)

100–127

EN

Here is a philosophical examination of some themes presented by Milan Kundera in The Art of the Novel, as well as in his novels Immortality and The Unbearable Lightness of Being. The discussions of the first-personal perspectives of the novel’s author, both as appearing in and as contrasted with that of a character in the novel, as these unfold in implicit subtle comic, social-political contexts, prescind from these contexts and dwell instead on fictional renditions of the senses of personhood and its individuality especially as embodied in the face and as implied in relations of love. Of special interest is Kundera’s thesis that the irreplaceable uniqueness of the individual is one of Europe’s finest illusions.

20

« Car on ne saurait mieux dire » : la mémoire des noms et des visages dans l’œuvre de Romain Gary

63%

Viron S.

Cahiers ERTA

|

2022

|

issue 32

70-87

EN

We will examine the largely ethical vocation of Romain Gary's memorial writing project, which leads it to metamorphose itself into a literary tomb of the forgotten dead. We will then discuss, from a more narratological point of view, how this memory emerges untimely in the narrative and sometimes frees itself from it to signify the transcendent character of the name and the face. Finally, we will show that Gary goes beyond the somewhat naive vision of the memory as a mere recorder of events or images by associating it with the imagination to give it a poetic and counter-historical use.

Refine search results

Disagreements in Iranian dissertation defenses

Verbal Aggressiveness in Communication in Media and Online. A Case Study of the TV Cooking Show »Spread«

Face, linguistic (im)politeness and polyphony in Thomas Hardy’s "Far from the Madding Crowd"

Kradzież twarzy. O pewnym przypadku aktorskich wykroczeń przeciw cenzurze obyczajowej w XIX wieku

Origen y evolución de las fórmulas de saludo con besar en español

Image-Arbeit im Interview – Fallstudie am Beispiel eines „Spiegel“-Interviews mit Boris Becker

On the Irony-Affect Interface in Political Discourse

Katecheza o grzechu Kaina na podstawie perykopy z Rdz 4,1-16

Code Choice and Face

Political Dialogue as Room for Verbal Aggression

Stance and politeness in spoken Latvian

When the smile is not enough: The interactive role of smiling and facial characteristics in forming judgments about trustworthiness and dominance

Sympatyczność twarzy – wstęp do oceny uwarunkowań

Epifania twarzy czy iluzja maski? O zmaganiu się człowieka w ujęciu filozofii dramatu Józefa Tischnera

Twarz miasta: próba zdefiniowania

Twarz i inne wyznaczniki dynamiki interakcyjnej w kontekście kulturowym

Facial Recognition and Posthuman Technologies in Shakespeare’s Sonnets

Gniewne oblicze Pana. Hermeneutyka kilku biblijnych kolokacji

Milan Kundera on the Uniqueness of One’s Self

« Car on ne saurait mieux dire » : la mémoire des noms et des visages dans l’œuvre de Romain Gary