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1
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Les dictionnaires monolingues généraux du français actuel gratuits en ligne : évolutions récentes (2020)

100%
Corbin P.
Academic Journal of Modern Philology
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2020
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vol. 9
65-77
EN
This paper presents a selection of free online general dictionaries of current French in the middle of 2020, focusing on several topics: the metadata, sometimes abundant, explicit and detailed, sometimes brief or lacking; the initiators or authors of dictionaries, who may be academies (e.g. Dictionnaire de l’Académie française), university departments (e.g. Usito, produced at Sherbrooke University, Quebec), publishers (e.g. Dico en ligne by Le Robert), software developers (e.g. Dictionnaire Cordial by Synapse Développement), collaborative organizations (e.g. Wiktionnaire), individuals (e.g. Interactive Language Toolbox, written and maintained by Flemish teachers of French as a foreign language) or unknown persons (e.g. Dictionnaire français on L’Internaute website); the hosts of these dictionaries, who may also be news websites (e.g. sensAgent on Le Parisien website); the user interface, more or less friendly and interactive; the update of headwords and data and the quality of linguistic descriptions, which can vary significantly from one dictionary to another.
2
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Implementation of the Bulgarian-Polish online dictionary

88%
Dimitrova L., Dutsova R.
Cognitive Studies
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2012
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issue 12
EN
Implementation of the Bulgarian-Polish online dictionaryThe paper describes the implementation of an online Bulgarian-Polish dictionary as a technological tool for applications in digital humanities. This bilingual digital dictionary is developed in the frame of the joint research project “Semantics and Contrastive Linguistics with a focus on a bilingual electronic dictionary” between IMI-BAS and ISS-PAS, supervised by L. Dimitrova (IMI-BAS) and V. Koseska-Toszewa (ISS-PAS). In addition, the main software tools for web-presentation of the dictionary are described briefly.
3
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Próby leksykografii religijnej w zasobach polskiego Internetu

87%
Czarnecka K.
Poznańskie Spotkania Językoznawcze
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2015
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issue 30
EN
Research material analyzed in the article includes dictionaries devoted to religious contents available on Polish websites, with particular emphasis on publications related to the Roman Catholic faith (80 items). The aim of the Author is to try to present online religious dictionaries, showing their specificity and related problems. Characteristics include issues such as: 1) thematic scope of dictionaries (domination of the Bible teachings, liturgics and vocabulary typical for specific religious environments and communities); 2) original or secondary nature of the text (online dictionary as an electronic adaptation of a printed work or an independent creation); 3) structure and method of functioning of online dictionaries (text or hypertext; insufficient use of technical possibilities, e.g. connecting entries with a network of links); 4) Choice between a dictionary and an encyclopedia (type of information contained in head entries; alphabetical system typical for a dictionary as a convenient form of conveying any content; a need to study types of definitions); 5) Author’s intentions and stylistic tone of a dictionary (lack of objectivity in conveying information; making comments; persuasiveness in defining meanings, polemics, satire or a joke). Online dictionaries, similarly as most contents published on the Internet, cause problems concerning data reliability. It is also not supported by anonymity and a trend for copying, paraphrasing and moving texts, typical for the Internet.
4
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O sposobach definiowania znaczeń leksyki religijnej w tematycznych słownikach internetowych

87%
Czarnecka K.
Poznańskie Spotkania Językoznawcze
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2015
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issue 29
EN
The research material comprises dictionaries of terms related to Catholicism, functioning on Polish websites. The aim of this lexicographical-nature study is the description of dictionary definitions, namely ways of defining meanings that appear in the online dictionaries collected. The author distinguishes 3 types of texts appearing in the section of the headword, in which a definition is traditionally placed: 1) information about what the headword means, tending to be balanced, provided in stylistically neutral vocabulary, sometimes with features of academic style – objective definitions; 2) information about the meaning of a word, supplemented by a humorous or satirical presentation of the designatum – subjective definitions; 3) Texts that replace a proper definition, connected to headwords in different ways – pseudo-definitions (failed definitions or comments). The number of dictionaries published on the Internet proves that the model of a dictionary as a way to share information is considered useful and attractive. The method of composing a definition, however, shows how different objectives are attributed to online dictionaries: not only should they impart knowledge about the language, but first of all describe the world and shape favorable or reluctant attitude of readers to religious issues.
5
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THE USE OF ELECTRONIC DICTIONARIES FOR PRONUNCIATION PRACTICE BY UNIVERSITY EFL STUDENTS

75%
Metruk R.
Teaching English with Technology
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2017
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vol. 17
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issue 4
38-51
EN
This paper attempts to explore how Slovak learners of English use electronic dictionaries with regard to pronunciation practice and improvement. A total of 24 Slovak university students (subjects) completed a questionnaire which contained pronunciation-related questions in connection with the use of electronic dictionaries. The questions primarily concerned electronic editions of monolingual learner’s dictionaries, dictionaries intended for native speakers, and specialized (special-purpose) pronunciation dictionaries. The main objective of this small-scale study was to identify the frequency, manner, and types of electronic dictionaries used by the subjects in order to practice and improve their pronunciation. The findings indicate that the subjects of the study use electronic dictionaries for pronunciation practice relatively often, learner’s dictionaries being the most preferred choice. The study also recommends that EFL learners exploit the pronunciation conveniences of electronic dictionaries extensively.
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Semantics, contrastive linguistics and parallel corpora

75%
Koseska V.
Cognitive Studies
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2014
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issue 14
85-100
EN
In view of the ambiguity of the term “semantics”, the author shows the differences between the traditional lexical semantics and the contemporary semantics in the light of various semantic schools. She examines semantics differently in connection with contrastive studies where the description must necessary go from the meaning towards the linguistic form, whereas in traditional contrastive studies the description proceeded from the form towards the meaning. This requirement regarding theoretical contrastive studies necessitates construction of a semantic interlanguage, rather than only singling out universal semantic categories expressed with various language means. Such studies can be strongly supported by parallel corpora. However, in order to make them useful for linguists in manual and computer translations, as well as in the development of dictionaries, including online ones, we need not only formal, often automatic, annotation of texts, but also semantic annotation - which is unfortunately manual. In the article we focus on semantic annotation concerning time, aspect and quantification of names and predicates in the whole semantic structure of the sentence on the example of the “Polish-Bulgarian-Russian parallel corpus”.
7
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Bulgarian-Polish Language Resources (Current State and Future Development)

75%
Dimitrova L., Koseska-Toszewa V.
Cognitive Studies
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2013
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issue 13
EN
Bulgarian-Polish Language Resources (Current State and Future Development)The paper briefly reviews the first Bulgarian-Polish digital bilingual resources: corpora and dictionaries, which are currently developed under bilateral collaboration between IMI-BAS and ISS-PAS: joint research project “Semantics and contrastive linguistics with a focus on a bilingual electronic dictionary”, coordinated by L. Dimitrova (IMI-BAS) and V. Koseska (ISS-PAS).
8
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“I’ll google it.”: Using an Online Dictionary for Conducting Repair during Pair and Group Work Activities in Upper-Secondary EFL Classrooms

63%
Červenková A.
Studie z aplikované lingvistiky - Studies in Applied Linguistics
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2021
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vol. 12
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issue 2
43-58
EN
Pair and group work activities break the traditional teacher-centred structures of interaction and partly transfer the control of the teacher to the students, who are provided with more freedom in turn-taking and the management of activities. In the study of how students learn the target language, pair and group work repair sequences are particularly important in order to understand how the participants repair the breakdowns in communication and what processes for acquiring a foreign language they use. This study explores the different ways that students conduct conversational repair, i.e. negotiation of meaning, during pair and group work. Specifically, focusing on the sequences when a dictionary was consulted, this conversation-analytic study examines how the students incorporate the dictionary in those sequences and how its possible presence might influence the roles of experts and novices in the interaction, which gives insight into the epistemic dynamics in learner–learner interactions. The data used for this study consist of carefully synchronized audio and video recordings of students from five different Czech upper-secondary schools in their final year of studies during three to five consecutive EFL lessons. One of the central findings is that the students often try to conduct the repair through different means and the dictionary is used later in the interaction, which could indicate that the use of a dictionary is viewed as a last resort to check the meaning with the dictionary entry, as well as a tool to strengthen and/or weaken the epistemic roles of the participants.
9
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Neologisms in bilingual digital dictionaries (on the example of Bulgarian-Polish dictionary)

63%
Dimitrova L., Koseska-Toszewa V., Satoła-Staśkowiak J.
Cognitive Studies
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2012
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issue 12
EN
Neologisms in bilingual digital dictionaries (on the example of Bulgarian-Polish dictionary)The paper discusses the presentation of neologisms in the recent version of the Bulgarian-Polish digital dictionary. We also continue the discussion of important problems related to the classifiers of the verbs as headwords of the digital dictionary entries. We analyze some examples from ongoing experimental version of the Bulgarian-Polish digital dictionary.
10
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From the Problems of Dictionaries and Multi-lingual Corpora

63%
Koseska-Toszewa V., Satoła-Staśkowiak J., Sosnowski W.
Cognitive Studies
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2013
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issue 13
EN
From the Problems of Dictionaries and Multi-lingual CorporaThe article describes the work on a number of dictionaries being developed by the Corpus Linguistics and Semantics Group of the Institute of Slavic PAS. They include “Contemporary Bulgarian-Polish Dictionary”, “Bulgarian-Polish Online Dictionary” and “Russian-Bulgarian-Polish Dictionary”. The dictionaries differ in the numbers of entries, as well as in the different degrees of their connection with parallel corpora being elaborated under the “Clarin” project. All the discussed dictionaries are similar with respect to their use of traditional, syntactic classifiers and of semantic classifiers, introduced for the first time in the existing lexicographical practice. Thanks to the “Polish-Bulgarian-Russian Corpus”, the Group has managed to verify the results of contrasting Polish and Bulgarian in the light of scope-based logical quantification. Thanks to the Russian material added to the trilingual corpus, the researchers have managed to confirm the fact that from the viewpoint of “incomplete quantification” Russian and Polish (synthetic languages) behave similarly, and are opposed to the analytic Bulgarian.
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