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EN
The article lights up in an overview the field of the emotions on the one hand in their dimensions of the function for the learning (memory, motivation, decision-making power), the educational dimension (development of learner, teacher, learning atmospheres) as well as in the consideration extended beyond the health dimension (emotional-physical resource), which produces a connection with the Employability. The latter dimension is based on investigations in the area of the offer of the health education in the general adult education.
EN
The aim of the article is to determine the importance of soft competencies in developing the employability of vocational school graduates in the opinion of employers from the Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship. The article presents literature studies and analyzes the results of empirical research using the IBM Predictive Solution 5. The study shows the essence of soft competencies and employability as well as the specificity of vocational education in the context of contemporary labour market requirements. The next part of the article presents the methodological assumptions of the research and the research sample statistics. The last part of the article discusses the results of surveys carried out among enterprises from the Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship. The final part of the article indicates the limitations of the completed tests and the directions of further research in the discussed area.
PL
Celem artykułu jest określenie znaczenia kompetencji miękkich w rozwijaniu zatrudnialności absolwentów szkół zawodowych w opinii świętokrzyskich pracodawców. Na potrzeby artykułu przeprowadzono studia literatury przedmiotu oraz dokonano analizy wyników badań empirycznych z wykorzystaniem pakietu IBM Predictive Solution 5. Na początku opracowania ukazano istotę kompetencji miękkich oraz zatrudnialności, a także specyfikę szkolnictwa zawodowego w kontekście wymagań współczesnego rynku pracy. Następnie zaprezentowano założenia metodyczne badań oraz dokonano charakterystyki próby badawczej. Omówiono także wyniki badań sondażowych zrealizowanych wśród przedsiębiorstw z województwa świętokrzyskiego. Na zakończenie wskazano ograniczenia zrealizowanych badań oraz kierunki dalszych badań w omawianym obszarze.
EN
In a pandemic situation, anxiety about work has added to anxiety about the perceived threat to health or life. Job insecurity is a stressor that causes deterioration of mental and physical health, but also leads to behaviors that have negative consequences for the organization. The anxiety related to fears about the future of work may be increased due to limited contacts with co-workers (remote work, forced downtime) and social isolation, while social support is one of the most important stress buffer factors. In this article, we present the results of research on the construction of a scale for measuring job uncertainty during the COVID-19 pandemic.
PL
Higher education has become one of the key elements in building a competitive advantage for today’s knowledge-based economies. Universities are no longer just places traditionally associated with the transmission of knowledge but must also increasingly respond to the processes of marketisation and commercialisation. We observe dynamic social changes in higher education: the increase in the number of people studying at university level, flexibility of studying and learning programs, competing for students as a result of demographic processes, the risk of unemployment and competence mismatch among fresh graduates have become major challenges for universities. In this paper I will briefly discuss the neoliberal reform of higher education in Taiwan. In the last two decades, this small country in the Pacific Ocean has experienced extremely dynamic changes in the functioning of their higher education system and has become an important player in the global education market.
EN
The aim of the article is to show the role of advisory effects in the development of students' professional capital. The context of deliberations is a social debate concerning if and to what extent the offer of Polish schools corresponds to labour market needs. The article presents both modern labour market expectations towards students and general assessment criteria of potential employers suitability. Therefore, key categories are concepts of employability and professional capital. Two basic advisory strategies aimed at students were analyzed. The first one is advisory conducted by Academic Career Services and the second is academic advisory. Academic advisory is presented as an alternative to career counselling traditionally conducted at universities. The article presents possibilities of using this advisory strategy in the process of improving students' professional competence and qualifications.
EN
The changes taking place in the modern societies, and in particular the changes on the job market, have resulted in several individual consequences. The particular area of interest is the process of human development, up till now explained with the aid of models based on stages of development. These stages assume that the growth and improvement change in terms of quality and at the same time they marginalize the ideas of repetition, reduction and standstill. The aim of this paper is to discuss the contemporary psychological theories and concepts behind the mechanisms regulating the process of transition from vocational education to work. The paper presents the basic theories of Human Agents by Albert Bandura. In its light the mechanisms of self-efficacy are discussed as the most important regulators of vocational activities. Following that, Human Agents concept continuation by Augustyn Bańka is also cited, in particular, the mechanisms regulating the course of vocational career. Empirical relations between the attitudes of young adults entering job market and their perception of self-efficacy are also presented.
EN
The increasing flexibility and uncertainty of permanent employment as well as the complexity of career paths in the modern labor market makes the ability to acquire, maintain and change employment in the long term critically important. In a situation in which a professional career is perceived as a status owned by an individual, it is worth looking at factors determining employability in the individual and social dimension. All the entity’s activities aimed at investing in shaping their professional future have measurable value for increasing its competitiveness on the labor market, which is not without significance for building career capital. The aim of the article is to present the assumptions of the modern concept of employability and its importance for the individual’s career capital. The article also attempts to analyze the tasks set for education in the area of employability development of young people preparing to take up professional activity.
EN
Research background: A common problem of employing the Czech unemployed (especially young people) is that their professional and personal qualities often do not meet the re-quirements of employers. Despite the increasing level of education, the unemployment of young generation of millennials has been worsening. It seems that they often lack relevant professional skills and social habits, and usually have unreal expectations about their initial job opportunities. We want to explore this problem in more detail. Purpose of the article: The purpose of the article is to present work expectations of today's Czech millennials and post-millennials and discuss their potential employability on the Czech labor market. Methods: The paper is based on the analysis of available scientific literature and the results of the authors' questionnaire survey focused on students of three selected Czech universities and their motivation to study at university and their expectations about the future career. The survey was conducted in spring and autumn 2016. The respondents were full-time and com-bined bachelor's and master's students of the College of Regional Development in Prague, the Masaryk Institute of Advanced Studies of the Czech Technical University in Prague and the Education Management Centre of the Faculty of Education of the Charles University in Prague. The relevant data were obtained from 484 students. Findings & Value added: The results support the research assumption that young generation of Czech millennials show relatively high expectations related to work and career, which would limit their employability. Many employers are afraid of employing young people, but from the perspective of potential shortage of qualified and motivated people on the Czech labor market they should learn to create appropriate and attractive employment opportunities for young people to ensure effective development of their potential. The article presents common work expectations of today's Czech millennials and provides employers with some advice to manage them.
EN
Employability, understood as a set of achievements – skills, knowledge, personal qualities – that make graduates employable and successful in their profession, is more and more often a subject of research, both in the context of improving the educational offer of universities, as well as examining the quality of life and professional satisfaction of graduates. Employability is differentiated from employment – the state of having a job. In today’s unstable job market where temporary contracts and protean-type careers dominate – equipping graduates with the resources to effectively change or modify their career path is crucial. The paper aims to present the psychometric proprieties of a Polish adaptation of the A. Rothwell and Arnold Self-Perceived Employability Scale. The final version consists of 9 items and has good psychometric properties. The study of the perceived employability of students provides important knowledge regarding the graduates’ competencies, and it is an important factor in modifying the educational offer at universities and planning graduates’ satisfying careers in the contemporary unstable job market.
EN
This paper examines the innovation and employability of National Youth Service Corps (NYSC) members for sustainable development in south-east Nigeria. The research design employed for this study was a descriptive survey. The population for this study comprises all NYSC members serving in southeast Nigeria. A purposive sampling technique was used to sample all 2019 Batch “C” who participated in the Post Mobilisation Workshop held on 27t - 29t January 2020. Also, a simple random sampling technique was used to select 400 NYSC members from each state of south-east Nigeria. In all, 2000 NYSC members participated in this study. The questionnaire that was used to collect data in this study was titled “Influence of Innovation on Employability of NYSC Members for Sustainable Development Questionnaire”. Percentages were used in describing the demographic characteristics of the respondents, and mean ratings were used to answer the research questions. The findings revealed that influence of innovation on employability of NYSC members for sustainable development in south-east Nigeria was positive. The main new innovation to enhance employability of NYSC members for sustainable development in south-east Nigeria was agro-allied. The main employability skills of NYSC members for sustainable development in south-east Nigeria were confidence skills. It was concluded that innovation positively influences employability of NYSC members. It was recommended that the NYSC commission should embark on introducing more innovative skills to NYSC members for them to be able to stand on their own after the NYSC programme.
EN
A mismatch between qualifications and skills demanded and supplied is one of the main problems in the labor market. It concerns also higher education graduates. They have the theoretical background, however their abilities to apply knowledge in a work situation are insufficient. The main aim of this paper is to present the contribution of the internship program to the employability of graduates of University of Bielsko-Biala. The paper consists of three parts. The first describes changes in unemployment by educational background in the Bielsko-Biała labor market in 2010–2015. The second part includes employment prospects for graduates, with a special focus on the benefits of the internship program. The final part emphasizes the role of cooperation between the university and employers to ensure better preparation of graduates for the labor market. The paper was based on available statistical data on unemployment in the Bielsko-Biała labor market, and on the results of the surveys among employer representatives and students who participated in the internship programs within two European projects realized in University of Bielsko-Biala over 2010–2015. The research confirmed that a lack of experience reduces the chances of graduates to obtain suitable employment. Moreover, research findings proved that the internship program, developed and implemented in close cooperation with local companies, may increase employment opportunities after graduation. There is, therefore, a clear need for further cooperation between education and business in order to facilitate the transition of graduates from education to employment, as well as to satisfy labor market needs.
PL
Niedopasowanie kwalifikacji i umiejętności osób poszukujących pracy do wymagań i oczekiwań pracodawców jest jednym z głównych problemów rynku pracy. W dużej mierze dotyczy on ludzi młodych oraz wykształconych, którym mimo posiadania akademickiej wiedzy brakuje doświadczenia zawodowego. Głównym celem artykułu jest przedstawienie wpływu programów stażowych na zwiększanie szans zatrudnienia absolwentów Akademii Techniczno-Humanistycznej w Bielsku-Białej. Artykuł składa się z trzech części. W pierwszej scharakteryzowano dynamikę zmian bezrobocia pod względem wykształcenia na bielskim rynku pracy w latach 2000–2015. W części drugiej przedstawiono szanse i zagrożenia związane z wejściem absolwentów na rynek pracy po zakończeniu studiów, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem korzyści wynikających ze staży. W ostatniej części omówiono rolę współpracy między uczelnią a lokalnymi pracodawcami na rzecz lepszego dopasowania kształcenia do potrzeb rynku. Artykuł powstał na podstawie danych statystycznych o bezrobociu w regionie oraz wyników badań ankietowych przeprowadzonych wśród reprezentantów lokalnych pracodawców i studentów uczestniczących w programach stażowych w ramach projektów europejskich realizowanych przez ATH w Bielsku-Białej w latach 2010–2015. Przeprowadzone badania potwierdziły, że brak doświadczenia jest czynnikiem, który obniża konkurencyjność absolwentów na rynku pracy. Ponadto pozwoliły stwierdzić, iż program stażowy, właściwie przygotowany i przeprowadzony we współpracy między uczelnią a pracodawcami, może znacząco przyczynić się do zwiększenia szans zatrudnienia absolwentów. Istnieje zatem potrzeba intensyfikowania działań podejmowanych przez uczelnie we współpracy z otoczeniem gospodarczym, które ułatwiałyby młodym ludziom przejście z etapu edukacji do zatrudnienia, a także lepiej zaspakajały potrzeby kadrowe przedsiębiorstw.
EN
The aim of this article is to explain the role of educational and training programmes that represent both the key labour market policy tool increasing labour force employability and the lifelong learning policy tool contributing to the lifelong learning concept. On the basis of the exploration of wide range of related literature, statistics and research studies we describe existing types and goals of educational and training programmes which are used as key measures of public policy in different countries. At the same time we reflect the role of these programmes in current changing economic and social conditions and their link to the principles of flexicurity policy.
EN
Following my research interests, I would like to reflect on professional work and focus on its new realities and challenges that the various participants of the labour market will face. As the new shape and system of forces creating the changing labour market become a challenge not only for employers, business owners, but also for employees, contractors and finally for counsellors and educators, the initial part of the study will include a short analysis of the current situation on the labour market modified by the pandemic. Next, the author will present the consequences of these changes which will be analysed from the perspective of the employer and the employee. At this point, it is worth noting that a large part of the sources on the basis of which this study was created are the internet sources, current reports, and messages which during the pandemic seem to be the most up-to-date source material.
EN
This paper is based on the partial results of EMPLOY research project. We present the Polish and Spanish employers’ perspectives, experiences and needs when it comes to the HE graduates. Before the empirical analyses we compare the political and cultural contexts of employability in both countries as also provide the review of the main Polish and Spanish research reports in this field.
EN
  The text “Counseling and Social Support as Improving the Employability of Graduates of Vocational Schools” focuses on showing the causes of the low employability of graduates of vocational schools and the ways to help and support instruments for the graduates’ successful entry into the labor market. This article interprets concepts of absolute and relative employability as well as learned helplessness on the labor market, which points to the need for differentiation. The text looks at the fate of professional graduate studies as a source of information about the demand for support activities – career counseling and social support. The text moreover indicates problems corresponding not only to events occurring at one point in a person’s life, but also the processes influencing the growth of the portion of the human capital related to education. Support measures are considered in relation to decisions affecting the educational path and professional graduate (prevention) and therefore the school-induced competence of entering the labor market (prevention of the negative consequences of differences between learning outcomes and employers’ expectations).
EN
Dynamic changes on markets cause organizations to search for sources of competitive advantage in intangible assets. These mostly correspond to human capital. As a result, the number, scope, and characteristics of required competences differ among branches and organization types. This is why generic competences stemming from knowledge obtainable by way of formal education are not enough to achieve an appropriate level of employability. In this article it is the possibility of improving employability by working in SMEs that is analyzed.* SMEs create specific work systems that, because of their informality and flexibility, can provide an opportunity to improve competences crucial for modern organizations.
PL
Dynamiczne zmiany w otoczeniu skutkują poszukiwaniem przez organizacje nowych źródeł przewagi konkurencyjnej. Za główny czynnik budujący pozycję firmy uważane są obecnie aktywa niematerialne, a w szczególności kapitał ludzki, czego efektem jest wzrost oczekiwań pracodawców względem kompetencji pracowników. Powoduje to, że posiadanie ogólnych kompetencji jest niewystarczające do zapewnienia sobie odpowiedniego poziomu zatrudnialności. W artykule przedstawiono możliwości podnoszenia zatrudnialności poprzez pracę w MŚP. Organizacje te, ze względu na swoją specyfikę, kreują unikalne systemy pracy, które mogą tworzyć warunki do rozwoju pożądanych obecnie kompetencji.
EN
This paper strives to analyze individual factors that determine the employability of employees in public organizations providing social services, practices of employability enhancement in such organizations, and the fundamental results of such actions on the employees and organizations. Building on insights from interviews carried out with managers of labor offices and social welfare centers, key dimensions underpinning employability and the conditions of its enhancement in public organizations are discussed. The obtained data indicate that employability is a multidimensional phenomenon that encompasses not only professional knowledge and skills, but also generic competences. Moreover, the research suggests that public organizations should enhance the employability of their employees because this makes it possible to align employee and organization benefits subject to the new conditions of employment relations in the public sector.
PL
Celem artykułu jest analiza czynników indywidualnych, które określają zatrudnialność pracowników w organizacjach publicznych świadczących usługi społeczne, praktyk rozwoju zatrudnialności w tych organizacjach, jak również ich podstawowych rezultatów dla pracowników i organizacji. Bazując na wglądzie uzyskanym z wywiadów przeprowadzonych z kadrą zarządzającą ośrodków pomocy społecznej i urzędów pracy, przedstawiono kluczowe wymiary stanowiące podstawę zatrudnialności i warunki jej rozwoju w badanych organizacjach. Otrzymane dane wskazują, że zatrudnialność jest zjawiskiem wielowymiarowym, które obejmuje nie tylko wiedzę i umiejętności fachowe pracowników, lecz również kompetencje ogólne. Ponadto badania sugerują, że organizacje publiczne powinny rozwijać zatrudnialność swoich pracowników, ponieważ działanie to pozwala łączyć interesy organizacji i pracowników w nowych warunkach zatrudnienia w sektorze publicznym.
e-mentor
|
2023
|
vol. 101
|
issue 4
63-70
EN
In this paper, the author analysed the responses to a questionnaire about micro-credentials of several groups of students studying at the Faculty of Management, University of Primorska in Slovenia in order to see how familiar they were with the concept, their perceived value of micro-credentials and their willingness to participate in such short courses. The study showed, first, that only a small number of students were well-acquainted with the concept; second, that students would be willing to attend such courses; third, that there were substantial differences between different groups of students regarding what they thought they needed the most. Based on the research, the author saw the potential of micro-credentials not only for bridging the skills gap and catering for labour market need, but also for acquiring new skills, upskilling and – in the case of Slovenian undergraduate and postgraduate students – for timely completion of their studies.
EN
The aim of the article is to identify key employee competencies that improve particular types of employability and unfold possibilities for their development. The study presents the main challenges of the modern labor market. It shows definitional problems associated with the concept of employability and defines its various dimensions and determinants. It also explains mechanisms of employee competency development. Moreover, it underlines the importance of employee competency development in the process of creation of employability in the modern labor market. The article ends with deliberations on categories of competencies that should be developed in order to increase employability in selected areas. The study reviews topical literature applying a descriptive method.
PL
Celem artykułu jest wskazanie kluczowych kompetencji pracowniczych zwiększających poszczególne typy zatrudnialności oraz możliwości ich rozwoju. W opracowaniu przedstawiono główne wyzwania współczesnego rynku pracy. Zaprezentowano problemy definicyjne związane z pojęciem zatrudnialności wraz z charakterystyką jego różnych wymiarów i determinantów. Omówiono również istotę rozwoju kompetencji pracowniczych. Ponadto określono znaczenie rozwoju kompetencji pracowniczych w kreowaniu zatrudnialności na współczesnym rynku pracy. Artykuł zakończono rozważaniami dotyczącymi kategorii kompetencji, które warto rozwijać dla zwiększenia zatrudnialności w wyróżnionych obszarach. W opracowaniu, wykorzystując metodę opisową, dokonano przeglądu literatury przedmiotu.
EN
The issues of employability among individuals belonging to the NEET group (Not in Education, Employment, or Training) are significant from both an academic and practical point of view. The academic perspective is directed at recognizing and understanding factors that determine the lack of attempts and/or ineffective attempts at finding and keeping employment by young persons aged 18–29. The practical perspective is related to activation practices and educational solutions that might be effective in the case of this group of individuals. The paper focuses on the academic approach to this issue. The main aspects of employability of NEET group members were identified on the basis of studies conducted within the Support for the Young on the Mazovian Labor Market Project, designed as commissioned by the Voivodeship Labor Office in Warsaw. The analyses suggest that the lack of employment of on the part of the investigated population may be the result of the low level of their employability.
PL
Problematyka zatrudnialności wśród osób z grupy NEET (Not in Education, Employment or Training) jest istotna zarówno z naukowego, jak i praktycznego punktu widzenia. Perspektywa badawcza nakierowana jest na poznanie i zrozumienie czynników decydujących o braku i/lub nieskuteczności prób znalezienia zatrudnienia i utrzymania go przez osoby młode w wieku 18–29 lat. Perspektywa praktyczna związana jest z działaniami aktywizującymi i edukacyjnymi, które mogą okazać się skuteczne wobec tej grupy osób. W niniejszym artykule skoncentrowano się na naukowym punkcie widzenia tego zagadnienia. Na podstawie badań przeprowadzonych w ramach projektu pt. „Wsparcie młodych osób na mazowieckim rynku pracy”, przygotowanych na zlecenie Wojewódzkiego Urzędu Pracy w Warszawie, ukazano główne elementy zatrudnialności osób z grupy NEET. Dokonane analizy wskazują, że brak zatrudnienia badanej populacji może być konsekwencją niskiego poziomu ich zatrudnialności.
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