Search results - CEJSH

1

Zwrot frazeologiczny jako baza w polskiej i serbskiej derywacji międzyfrazeologicznej

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Jaroszewicz H.

Slavica Wratislaviensia

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2013

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vol. 157

141 - 157

EN

The paper describes the functioning verbal idioms as abase for phraseological derivation of other verbal idioms in Polish and Serbian. Based on the research, it can be concluded that derivational processes which create anew phrasemes take place on the lexical and morphological plane. In the first case aphraseme’s structure can be extended or changed by some lexical element; in the second case astructure of a phraselogical base is modified by a suffix. In interphraseological derivation verbal idioms generally motivate stylistic and semanthic derivates, much less syntactic or tautological.

2

Ruch, gest, gestykulacja w tekstach specjalistycznych i niespecjalistycznych

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Heliasz-Nowosielska C.

LingVaria : Półrocznik Wydziału Polonistyki UJ poświęcony zagadnieniom języka i językoznawstwa

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2018

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issue 25

255-269

EN

The paper presents a comparative study between expressions of the general language and specialist terms with a similar scope. All the analysed expressions of the general language, i.e. mostly units and constructions with the morphemes -ruch-, -gest-, pokaz-, and -mig-, describe in contemporary Polish motional actions of humans. As shown by contradiction tests, some of them are in addition limited to only relaying communicatively significant hand movements, revealing the existing linguistic opposition between movement and gesture, cf. -ruch- vs -gest-. An analogous contrast can also be found in the specialist language, cf. e.g. McNeill (1992) or Poggi (2007), where however gesture is used as an umbrella term for all expressive movements, cf. e.g. Kendon (2004), Lynn (2011, 2014). Furthermore, Kendon’s 1980 distinction between gesture and gesticulation understood as expressive hand movements accompanying speech, is considered to be a novel finding. It is however not taken into account that this opposition has been known to the general language for at least several hundred years and may well have been the (unwitting) inspiration for Kendon. This fact emphasizes the usefulness of research into communicative phenomena in the context of analyses of the general (meta)language.

3

Kilka uwag o subkompetencji frazeologicznej tłumacza

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Szutkowski T.

Acta Polono-Ruthenica

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2019

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vol. Tom 3 Nr XXIV

139-148

EN

The topic of this article is a diagnosis of the level of a phraseological sub-competence of a translator conducted on the basis of a survey carried out among students of neophilology with the translator specialization. The aim of the study is to determine the level of linguistic awareness of the surveyed in the area of phraseological sub-competence. The question posed is in what way they comprehend the essence of the multi-word linguistic units and if they can extract supra-lexical units of a translation. As such, the accuracy of a translation is dependent on the correct segmentation of the original. Those surveyed, faced with a 99-word text containing 25 multi-word linguistic units (75% of the whole text), extracted only seven of such structures in at least 50% of their answers. It can be deduced that the students consider phraseological units extremely idiomatic. In most cases, they do not notice other, less prototypical structures in the text, which should be considered globally in the process of translation. This conclusion justifies the undertaking of firm action in the area of phraseodidactics and phrasal translation as part of a philological academic education.

4

„Co choroba, to doktor...”. O językowo-kulturowym obrazie lekarza w polszczyźnie

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Skorupska-Raczyńska E.

Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Językoznawcza

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2020

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vol. 27

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issue 2

189-219

EN

Healing traditions are very likely to have roots in the beginnings of any civilisation, which comes from the natural needs of a human striving for physical and mental comfort. On ethnically Polish lands, medical culture developed together with the society, which is reflected in the names of healers. The linguistic and cultural image of a doctor is affected by the anthropocentric experiences of speakers of Polish, stereotypes and the media that strengthen its versions, all recorded in the lexis, phraseology and paremiography. Today (according to the survey), negative traits of doctors (31) are significantly more common than their virtues (9) that include: being specific, accurate, efficient, devoted to duty and caring. According to the survey, today’s doctor is, most of all, in a hurry, overworked and tired, but also dissatisfied, uninterested in the patient, impatient, late, cold and always angry. People’s focus on doctors’ negative traits has been a permanent phenomenon for centuries.

5

Weniger ist mehr – Einige Reflexionen zur Vermittlung der Phraseme im DaF-Unterricht

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Zenderowska-Korpus G.

Linguistische Treffen in Wrocław

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2020

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issue 18

361-371

EN

The topic of the article is a reflection on the possibilities of using short press texts in teaching foreign language phraseology. In the article, examples of exercises and tasks developing language skills and phraseological competence will be shown on the example of texts taken from German newspaper „Die Zeit“ (2012). The subject of the article meets the expectations of teachers as well as the postulates of phraseologists.

6

Фразеологизмы в словарях польского преступного жаргона, изданных до 30-х годов XX века

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Nevzorova-Kmech E.

Językoznawstwo

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2017

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vol. 11

73-86

PL

W niniejszym artykule dokonano przeglądu słowników polskiej gwary przestępczej, które zostały opublikowane do lat 30. XX wieku. XX wiek. Szczególną uwagę zwrócono na słowniki i dzieła XIX wieku, ponieważ w tym czasie powstaje większość dzieł leksykograficznych takich autorów jak Estreicher, Kurka, Ludwikowski i Walczak. Szczególne miejsce zajmuje praca H. Ułaszyna, który na podstawie twórczości K. Rusieckiego opracował słownik odzwierciedlający gwarę przestępczą z lat czterdziestych XIX wieku. Zwrócono uwagę na jednostki frazeologiczne wybrane z utworów leksykograficznych wspomnianych autorów, a także S.Udzieli, J. Los, J. Jaworskiego i A. Landau. Podjęta została próba porównania czterech słowników z punktu widzenia zawartości w nich niektórych jednostek frazeologicznych, a także wyjaśnienia przyczyn rozbieżności. Otrzymane wyniki wraz z hipotezą o pochodzeniu przytaczanych jednostek frazeologicznych przedstawiono w tabeli.

EN

This article provides an overview of the dictionaries of the Polish criminal jargon, which were published before 1930s. Particular attention is paid to the dictionaries and works of the 19th century, because it is at this time that most of the works of such authors as Estreicher, Kurka, Ludwikowski and Walczak appeared. A special place is given to the description of the work of G. Ulashin, who, on the basis of the work of K. Rusiecki, compiled a dictionary reflecting the criminal jargon of the 1840s. We also consider the phraseological units that were selected from the lexicographical works of the authors mentioned, as well as that of S.Udziela, J. Łoś, J. Jaworski and A. Landau. We attempted to compare four dictionaries from the point of view of the content of some phraseological units in them, and also to explain the reasons for the discrepancies. The analysis data are given in the table. There we give the assumptions about the origin of the units.

7

Compétences phraséologiques et didactique du figement en langues étrangères

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Sułkowska M.

Academic Journal of Modern Philology

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2020

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vol. 9

185-196

EN

The author discusses the important issue of acquiring phraseological competence and presents selected aspects of phraseodidactics in foreign languages. The aim of the article is to signal and present significant issues that appear in applied phraseology, especially in the field of phraseodidactics. In the first section, the tems “language competence” and “phraseological competence” are discussed. The term “phraseological competence” has not been widespread in the publications on the subject of phraseology or glottodidactics. Nevertheless, phraseological competence represents a higher level of lexical and collocational competence, which is indispensable for learning phraseology, particularly in a foreign language. The second section presents research on teaching phraseology of French as a foreign language. The research shows the character of scale in phraseologization from the perspective of non-native users of phraseology and its meaning in glottodidactics. In the third section the author carries out a synthesis of foreign phraseology acquisition and distinguishes between its most important stages.

8

"Ins Schwarze treffen" - zur Erfassung und Behandlung phraseologischen Minimums DaF am Beispiel ausgewählter deutsch-polnischer Wörterbücher

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Sulikowska A.

Colloquia Germanica Stetinensia

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2013

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issue 21

241-255

EN

"Making dictionaries requires making choices" (FILLMORE/ATKINS 1994: 350). From the point of view of an average user the frequency of use of particular lexemes should be a vital criterion in the compilation of entries in bilingual dictionaries. This also pertains to phraseologisms. The aim of the paper is to determine to what extent the phraseologisms belonging to the phraseological minimum / optimum were taken into consideration and described in two popular German-Polish dictionaries: "Kieszonkowy Słownik Langenscheidt" [Langenscheidt Pocket Dictionary] edited by Stanisław Walewski and "Duży Słownik PONS" [PONS Comprehensive Dictionary].

9

Introducing Idioms in the Galician WordNet: Methods, Problems and Results

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Álvarez de la Granja M., Gómez Clemente X. M., Gómez Guinovart X.

Open Linguistics

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2016

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vol. 2

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issue 1

EN

This study describes the introduction of verbal idioms in the Galician language version (Galnet) of the semantic network WordNet; a network that does not traditionally include many phraseological units. To enhance Galnet, a list of 803 Galician verbal idioms was developed to then review each of them individually and assess whether they could be introduced in an existing WordNet synset (a group of synonyms expressing the same concept) or not. Of those 803 idioms, 490 (61%) could be included in this network. Besides, Galnet was enlarged with 750 extra verbal idioms, most of them synonyms or variants of the former. In this study, we present the working methodology for the experiment and an analysis of the results, to help understand the most important problems found when trying to introduce idioms in Galnet. We also discuss the reasons preventing the inclusion of some expressions, and the criteria used to introduce the idioms that finally made it into the network.

10

Iść w trupa – o jednym ze źródeł współczesnej polskiej frazeologii

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Kosek I.

Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Językoznawcza

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2015

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vol. 22

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issue 2

55-67

PL

This article deals with modern Polish phraseology and one of the sources of its enrichment. The author discusses the motivation behind the idiom iść w trupa – in sports jargon ‘to fight hard, regardless of risk to the body’, literally ‘to go into the corpse’ (according to the degrees of motivation described by Andrzej Maria Lewicki). While the phrase comes from the language of sport, it has acquired a new meaning in colloquial language. In the article, the idiom’s semantic features in the sociolect and the colloquial Polish are discussed. The second part of the paper presents a few general remarks on sporting phraseology.

11

Mehrworteinheiten in der Fremdsprachendidaktik. Die Vorstellung des Projekts PHRASEOLAB

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Moskal L.

Linguistische Treffen in Wrocław

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2023

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issue 23

279-289

EN

Multiword Units are an inseparable part of learning foreign languages. Routineforms, collocations and idioms are being researched in many studies. The foreign language didactics is focused on optimizing language acquisition of multiword units. In this article will be presented the international project “PhraseoLab –Learning multiword units through English”, which purpose is to share an Open Educational Ressource for learners, who already have gained adequate English skills to use them in learning German. An important issue by formulating PhraseoLab teaching materials is the selection of multiword units. Only these routineforms, collocations and idioms, which are frequent in spoken German and are essential for the learning person will be consulted in future PhraseoLab tasks. In second part of the article will be shown the results of the corpus survey, which researched the frequency of about 1100 idioms by using DGD Mannheim corpus taking into consideration the spoken language. The investigation, which is presented in the empirical part was carried out by the author of this article and Sulikowska about 20 years after the publication of “Phraseologisches Optimums” by Hallsteinsdóttir, Sajánková and Quasthoff. The goal was to become newer and current results. At the end are highlighted 30 idioms, which frequency in spoken German from DGD corpus is the most common.

12

Ohne Frage? Mit Sicherheit. Präpositionale Wortverbindungen als Ausdrucksformen der Sprechereinstellung

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Hornáček Banášová M.

Linguistische Treffen in Wrocław

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2020

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issue 17

91-99

EN

Usualized word units represent a structurally and semantically very heterogeneous spectrum of linguistic elements. The topic of the paper focuses on the issue of lexical-syntagmatic combinatorics of word units with function words and deals with a binary preposition-noun phrases with the meaning of the speaker setting, previously neglected in word units research.

13

Ist ein Glückspilz unter einem glücklichen Stern geboren? – Zur deutschen Phraseologie des Glücks

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Szczęk J.

Colloquia Germanica Stetinensia

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2009

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issue 16

157-168

PL

Artykuł prezentuje przegląd niemieckiej frazeologii z zakresu pola semantycznego „szczęście”. Zastosowany został podział dychotomiczny na związki frazeologiczne zawierające leksem „szczęście” oraz te, które go nie zawierają, ale poprzez swoje znaczenie mieszczą się w zakresie opisywanego pola semantycznego. Na podstawie zebranego korpusu dokonano analizy semantycznej wybranych związków frazeologicznych oraz opisano tzw. nośniki szczęścia we frazeologii niemieckiej.

14

Językowy obraz ziemi-terytorium/powierzchni we frazeologii i paremiologii rosyjskiej i polskiej

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Drużyłowska D.

Slavica Wratislaviensia

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2012

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vol. 156

85 - 91

EN

The subject of this paper is a linguistic image of the land-the territory in Russian and Polish phraseology and paremiology. The purpose of the paper was to define the Russian and Polish linguistic image of the land-the territory, as well as to find similarities and differences between them. In the paper the theoretical basis of the linguistic image of the world is discussed. The functioning of the land-the territory in culture is also presented. In the main part of the paper the phraseological units and proverbs in Russian and Polish are presented and compared. On this basis the conclusions about the linguistic picture of the land-the territory in Russian and Polish are formed.

15

Językowa eksplikacja uczucia strachu w ruszczyźnie

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Piasecka A., Uniwersytet Łódzki K. J. I. R. P.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Linguistica Rossica

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2012

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vol. 08

EN

The article is an attempt to present the linguistic explication of the feeling of fear in the Russian language. As it was proved by the linguistic data, the lexeme ‘fear’ (‘страх’) has several synonyms with different semantic value, such as ‘тревога’, ‘ужас’, ‘паника’. The feeling itself can be caused by real or irrational circumstances treated or estimated by the subject as threat. The paper analyses the expressions, phraseologisms and proverbs related to the feeling of fear. They present how the word ‘fear’ (‘страх’) is used in the language and on its semantic level. What is more, the phraseologisms prove that the majority of physical symptoms of the feeling ‘fear’ obtain their linguistic explication. Proverbs complete the received picture with the colloquial judgments about the importance of courage and the disapproval of fear.

16

Koncept śmierć w rosyjskiej frazeologii

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Piasecka A., Łódzki U.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Linguistica Rossica

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2011

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vol. 07

EN

The phenomenon of death since the beginning of time has brought about fear as well as curiosity. The article presents the cultural aspects of the perception of the phenomenon of death. They refer to the old superstitions, customs, traditions. As linguistic data confirm, many of them are reflected in the language. The concept of death in Russian phraseology refers to the Christian concept of the binary nature of a human being (consisting of the soul and the body), to pagan legends and beliefs. It is mostly characterized by the themes such as the end, road, dream.

17

Zleksykalizowane porównania w języku polskim i serbskim jako baza derywacyjna

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Jaroszewicz H.

Slavica Wratislaviensia

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2011

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vol. 154

101-120

EN

The paper presents the current state of studies on comparative phraseological units in Polish and Serbian linguistics. The position of these components in phraseology and in modern Polish and Serbian is discussed in detail. This article presents a semantic and functional classification of comparisons phraseological units, dividing them into idiomatic and ‘phrasematic’ comparisons. In the Polish and Serbian sentence these units may act as a verb, noun, adverb or adjective. The paper also discusses a major derivational processes in which comparisons play a role of a linguistic motivating base. Within this kind of derivation we can speak about two main linguistic models: PHRASEOLOGICAL UNIT > WORD and PHRASEOLOGICAL UNIT > PHRASEOLOGICAL UNIT. In these processes transposition, disintegration and univerbisation are used as methods of formation of the new lexicon’s elements. Comparisons have a specific property too — the matter is a ‘polisemantization.’ It means that comparisons can expand the semantic field of the word which makes some phraseological unit.

18

O liczyć się z każdym groszem w kontekście problemu wyróżniania jednostek leksykalnych

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Kosek I., Przybyszewski S.

LingVaria : Półrocznik Wydziału Polonistyki UJ poświęcony zagadnieniom języka i językoznawstwa

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2016

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issue 21

66-72

EN

The article discusses the status of the string liczyć się z każdym groszem ‘to spend money carefully, to count every penny’, lit. ‘to reckon with every penny’. The authors quote numerous instances from the Polish corpus, and claim that the formal and functional features of this expression indicate that its status is different from what can be gathered from dictionaries of Polish where it is treated as a variant of the multiword expression liczyć się z groszem. Opposing this claim, we indicate another meaning of the linguistic unit liczyć się z czymś, one not noted in dictionaries: ‘to dispose of something carefully’; accordingly, the strings liczyć się z groszem and liczyć się z każdym groszem are treated as instantiations of this unit.

19

Wyszukiwarka Google jako praktyczne narzędzie lingwistyczne do opisu innowacyjnych użyć frazeologizmów

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Dziamska-Lenart G., Woźniak-Wrzesińska E.

Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Językoznawcza

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2022

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vol. 29

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issue 1

15-34

EN

The aim of this article is to present the basic capabilities of the Google search engine in the process of analysing multi-word lexical combinations. Our assumption is that the Google search engine can be regarded as a kind of linguistic database ready to be used as a practical linguistic tool. The text is an overview, therefore the presented material is limited to the necessary minimum, i.e. fifty randomly-selected phraseological compounds. In the introduction, we list ( and briefly discuss ) the tools available for studying Polish-language multi-word lexical combinations. With such an outlined background, we may characterise the Google search engine as a linguistic database. Finally, in the relevant part, we present the ways of using this tool with selected examples. In the summary, we discuss the possibilities offered by the use of a constantly-updated linguistic database which the Internet search engine under review can be considered to be.

20

Some remarks on lexicographic treatment of idioms

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Włodarczyk-Stachurska A.

Journal of Language and Cultural Education

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2015

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vol. 3

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issue 3

61-68

EN

Phraseology is a domain of linguistic study which, to a certain extent, demonstrates the correlation between language and culture. At the same time, it is a source of information concerning the speakers’ world view. However, different phraseological units are used in different languages. Hence, when it comes to their understanding, it becomes particularly difficult to comprehend their meaning without the reference to their lexicographic description. The aim of this paper is to outline the treatment of selected idioms in several dictionaries in order to: (i) identify how idioms are lexicographically presented, (ii) find equivalence of some expressions of that kind in English/Polish, (iii) investigate how the recorded parallels correspond with the functional view of idioms proposed by Dobrovol’skij (2000).

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