Inclusiveness of European Union labour markets in relation to young people

• Authors: Beata Bal-Domańska

Title variants

PL

Inkluzywność unijnych rynków pracy względem osób młodych

Abstracts

PL

Ostatnie lata przyniosły pogorszenie sytuacji zawodowej osób młodych (w wieku 15–24 lat) w stosunku do osób ze starszych grup wiekowych (zwanych dalej dorosłymi). W 2020 r. w 23 krajach Unii Europejskiej (a w 2019 r. – ostatnim roku przed pandemią – w 19 krajach) stopa bezrobocia osób młodych była w porównaniu z 2003 r. znacznie wyższa niż stopa bezrobocia osób dorosłych, co świadczy o rosnącym dystansie między sytuacją tych dwóch grup pracowników na rynku pracy. Celem badania omawianego w artykule jest ocena sytuacji osób młodych na unijnych rynkach pracy. Analiza danych, pochodzących z Eurostatu, objęła lata 2003–2020. Na potrzeby badania wprowadzono pojęcie inkluzywności rynków pracy rozumiane jako charakterystyka gospodarki, w której dostęp do miejsc pracy jest zbliżony we wszystkich grupach osób aktywnych zawodowo. Inkluzywność krajowych rynków pracy w UE została zdefiniowana w ujęciu statycznym i wieloletnim. W przypadku ujęcia wieloletniego zastosowano statystyczny pomiar inkluzyjności. Opierając się na zaproponowanych definicjach, opracowano typologię unijnych rynków pracy z uwzględnieniem poziomu inkluzywności oraz dostępności miejsc pracy dla osób młodych i dorosłych. Na podstawie badania potwierdzono silne zróżnicowanie rynków pracy. Różnice te są widoczne zarówno w poziomie bezrobocia osób młodych i dorosłych oraz reakcji rynków na szoki gospodarcze, jak i w poziomie inkluzywności rynków pracy.

EN

In the recent years the professional situation of young people (aged 15–24) compared to that of older age groups (referred to as adults) has deteriorated. In 2020 the unemployment rate among young people in 23 European Union countries (in 19 countries in 2019, which was the last year before the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic) was, compared to 2003, significantly higher than that of adults, showing a growing gap between the situation of these two groups of workers on the labour market. The aim of the paper is to assess the situation of young people on the EU labour markets. The analyses based on data obtained from Eurostat cover the years 2003–2020. For the purposes of the analyses, the concept of ‘labour market inclusiveness’ was introduced, understood as a feature of the economy in which access to jobs is similar for all groups of economically active people. The inclusiveness of the national labour markets in the EU has been defined from a static and long-term perspective. For the long-term approach, the method of statistical measurement of α inclusiveness was applied. The final result of the analysis is a typology of the EU labour markets developed on the basis of the proposed definitions, taking into account the level of inclusiveness and the availability of jobs for young people and adults. The research confirms that the national labour markets are considerably diversified. These differences are visible in terms of the unemployment of young people and adults, the reaction of markets to economic shocks and the level of labour market inclusiveness.

Keywords

EN

inclusiveness; labour market; unemployment; young people; EU countries

PL

inkluzywność; rynek pracy; bezrobocie; osoby młode; kraje UE

• Publisher: Główny Urząd Statystyczny
• Journal: Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician
• Year: 2022
• Volume: 67
• Issue: 3
• Pages: 1-27

Dates

published

2022

Contributors

author

Beata Bal-Domańska

• Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny we Wrocławiu, Wydział Ekonomii i Finansów, Katedra Gospodarki Regionalnej / Wroclaw University of Economics and Business, Faculty of Economics and Finance, Department of Regional Economy

• https://orcid.org/0000000303954259

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Identifiers

DOI

10.5604/01.3001.0015.8064

Biblioteka Nauki

2034075