Search results - CEJSH

1

O nauczaniu kultury języka polskiego za granicą. Świadomość normatywna ukraińskiego studenta polonisty

100%

Krawczuk A.

Postscriptum Polonistyczne

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2012

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issue 2(10)

285-301

EN

The problems concerning teaching a culture of Polish language are analysed in the article, along with description of the ambiguity of the term ‘culture of language’ itself. Taking Polish Philology Faculty in Lviv as an example, the author of the article discusses the stages of cultural and linguistic education of Ukrainian students and presents the specific character of a didactic discipline called culture of a language at the Ukrainian university (the content, tasks, methods of working during the classes). She presents the results of research on norma-tive awareness of the Polish Philology students in Lviv at different stages of learning Polish language.

2

Wartościowanie leksemu fajnie w odczuciu współczesnego użytkownika języka

89%

Jastrzębska-Golonka D.

Poznańskie Spotkania Językoznawcze

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2016

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issue 31

EN

The lexem ‘cool’ and the discussion connected with its flow in the Polish language comes back to the columns of the language guides and scientific studies. The surveys reveal that ‘cool’ – in spite of the linguists’ negative classifications – is treated as accepted phenomenon by the young people. The afternovelties and colloquials played the important roles here. They introduced this lexem to politics and other official styles of Polish, for instance, media language, the language of commentary and the Internet, the language of contemporary literature (prose, poetry and film) and the language of science

PL

Abstrakt Leksem fajnie oraz dyskusja związana z jego dystrybucją w języku polskim od lat powraca na łamy poradników językowych i opracowań naukowych. Ankietowe badania pokazują, że fajny – mimo negatywnych klasyfikacji językoznawców – przez młodych ludzi jest traktowany jako zjawisko akceptowane. Dużą rolę odegrały tu trendy ponowoczesności i potoczności, które wprowadziły ten leksem do języka polityki i innych oficjalnych stylów polszczyzny, np. języka mediów, języka publicystycznego, języka Internetu, współczesnego stylu literackiego (proza, poezja, film) i naukowego.

3

Marginalizm w literaturze

88%

Titova I.

Postscriptum Polonistyczne

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2014

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issue 1(13)

147-163

EN

The author of the article tries to use margin as a category in the history of literature. She concentrates on those writers whose works can be regarded as existing on the margins (Villon, de Sade) or those whose works feature people living „on the margins” of society. Writers often portrayed people who lived on the edge of society (Villon, Hugo, Genet), those who were rejected by society because of their individual features (Simplicyssimus, Guliwer), or those with clear philosophical ideas that were aimed at social norms and tradition (the heroes of de Sade, Rimbaud, Turgieniev). Some of these people decided to leave society to exist on its margins, use alcohol and drugs, feel alienated and unable to find their own place in the world (heroes of de Quincey, Bułhakov, Hesse).

4

„Všichni vědí, že opisovat se nemá, ale stejně to každý dělá.“ Pedagogický pohled na paradoxy „férového“ opisování

88%

Fonseca L.

Studia paedagogica

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2013

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issue 2-3

73-92

EN

This empirical study shows that Swedish upper secondary students and teachers perceive the control of procedures for knowledge checks and grading so inadequate that the distribution of fi nal assessment risks being unfair. In a market-oriented competitive school system, managed by objectives and results, grades tend to be regarded as the best measure of educational quality. Student grades thus become important for individual students, teachers and schools. Particularly important as educational hard currency is the lowest acceptable grade level, that distinguishes failures from result-achievement. Data from discussions on norms indicate that students and teachers (all of whom discussed the matters separetely) show a clear justice-based tolerance for school-cheatingperceived as re-securing a fair distribution of grades. The teachers are particularly tolerant to cheating students who would risk failing grades had they not cheated. Explicit prohibitions of cheating are thereby outcompeted by negotiated social norms of justice that implicitly encourages some forms of cheating. The well-known double agenda is kept as a hidden truth and thereby reproduced.

5

Zależność między czasem fonacji w próbach staccato a sposobem realizacji wybranych zadań językowych w języku polskim – wnioski z badań

88%

Jauer-Niworowska O., Zawadka J., Peradzyńska J., Kurowska M.

Poradnik Językowy

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2023

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vol. 804

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issue 5

7-20

EN

This article presents a discussion on the results of the research on the staccato phonation conducted as part of the pilot study intended to establish phonation time norms in Polish-speaking adults. The analysed data were excerpted from a selected group of 12 women. Statistical analyses served the purpose of identifying potential differences between the results of tasks concerning the staccato phonation of selected Polish sounds, the staccato phonation and the legato phonation, and determining the correlation between staccato and other language tasks. The interpretation of the results of the research as proposed in the text refers to the observations regarding the task performance method, e.g. differences in the duration of pauses in the language tasks compared to the staccato phonation tasks, diversities related to the sound realisation time and method in the language tasks and in the staccato phonation task.

6

Emocje w konstruktywistycznej teorii stosunków międzynarodowych. Opinie o Niemczech w Europie po roku 2010

88%

Weber P. F.

Przegląd Zachodni

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2015

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issue 4(357)

55-64

EN

Building upon A. K. Henrikson’s concept of mental mapping, the author proposes an interpretative framework to approach the European emotional landscape concerning Germany since 2010, when the symptoms of the European Union’s economic crisis became more visible. The main emotion considered here is fear in its broader sense. The analysis deals with collective emotions seen as a stabilized cultural element in international relations. The question of change in the dominating emotional regime is treated from a constructivist perspective as a norm change on the microsystemic level of the relations between given state agents and Germany, as well as on the macrosystemic scale of the international structure. Final remarks concern the reactivation of fear and its limits.

7

¿Qué elementos integran el concepto de norma en lingüística? Una extensión teórica del concepto coseriano de norma

88%

Rodríguez Chiw M. D.

Concordia Discors vs Discordia Concors: Researches into Comparative Literature, Contrastive Linguistics, Cross-Cultural and Translation Strategies

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2021

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vol. 15 (Semanticity, Alterity, Creativity: Building on Eugenio Coseriu’s Legacy (I))

104-117

EN

One of the theoretical legacies left by Eugenio Coseriu in works such as Synchrony, Diachrony and History is the establishment of a concept of norm derived from linguistic theory and applicable to the theory of language. Through this, the contributions of the same made it possible to understand the norm as an act and a product that comes from the intrinsic relationship between the individual and his language. With the present text it is desired to contribute to the theoretical extension of the Coserian concept of norm in linguistics by contrasting it with that of Luis Fernando Lara, with the aim of observing the way in which both linguistics per se and sociolinguistics can study this scientific term in its application in multicultural fields of study. For this, linguistic attitudes will be used to incorporate new ways of conceiving the norm in social contexts and the way in which they delimit and reduce the linguistic system.

8

On Eugenio Coseriu's Theory of Word Formation

88%

Gobber G.

Concordia Discors vs Discordia Concors: Researches into Comparative Literature, Contrastive Linguistics, Cross-Cultural and Translation Strategies

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2021

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vol. 15 (Semanticity, Alterity, Creativity: Building on Eugenio Coseriu’s Legacy (I))

55-66

EN

Between 1965 and 1982 Eugenio Coseriu published a series of investigations on word formation processes. In a functional perspective, he developed an innovative proposal, which moved away from traditional models and was not adequately taken into account in lexicological studies, neither in those of his time nor in those of later years. In this contribution, I intend to resume the fundamental aspects of this model, which maintains its validity and originality: in Coseriu's theory of word formation the three levels of the system, the norm and the usage interact strictly, so that both the reasons of the system and the creativity of the speakers are adequately taken into account.

9

An Integral Linguistic View on the Lexical Integrity Principle and its Exceptions: A Case Study of Japanese Phrasal Compounds

88%

Ikarashi K., Naya R.

Concordia Discors vs Discordia Concors: Researches into Comparative Literature, Contrastive Linguistics, Cross-Cultural and Translation Strategies

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2021

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vol. 15 (Semanticity, Alterity, Creativity: Building on Eugenio Coseriu’s Legacy (I))

67-103

EN

Japanese has the Lexical Integrity Principle (LIP) in its system, making it impossible for syntax to get into the intra structure of morphological elements like compounds: hence, instances like *[taihenkookyuu]-hoteru ([very high.class]-hotel), where the bracketed syntactic phrase causes incorrectness. Nevertheless, we observe compounds called phrasal compounds which violate the LIP. Although such compounds have been noticed in some studies, they have not been analyzed comprehensively. Eugenio Coseriu‘s theory, by contrast, enables us to reveal the nature of phrasal compounds. Based on his integral linguistic theory, this paper demonstrates that phrasal compounds in Japanese can be classified into two distinct types. The first type is part of the speaker‘s idiomatic knowledge. Specifically, it resides in the norm of Japanese, and succeeds in evading the exclusion by the LIP. The second type is judged as being incorrect at the historical level due to the LIP, but a contextual motivation at the individual level suspends such incorrectness, making it appropriate.

10

Língua escrita e língua real: o que um corpus oral permite descobrir

88%

Teixeira J.

Studia Iberystyczne

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2014

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vol. 13

487-506

EN

Starting from an extensive oral corpus which is being collected, this paper focuses on how the oral language allows us to realize what languages really are and how they work beyond the formalized written dimension. It is our claim to show that it is language in use that better highlights many aspects which are impossible to understand only by an analysis of the traditional “linguistic system”. So we will verify how oral speech really performs sentences and its lexical and pragmatic elements.

11

„Języki w języku”. Wieloodmianowość współczesnej niemczyzny w perspektywie potrzeb dydaktyki języka niemieckiego jako obcego w kształceniu akademickim w Polsce - zarys projektu badawczego

88%

Pieklarz-Thien M.

Heteroglossia. Studia Kulturoznawczo-Filologiczne

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2022

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issue 13

259-278

EN

This study presents a research project aiming at capturing and describing internal diversity and multi-variant nature of contemporary German in the light of demands of teaching German as a foreign language at universities in language degrees (German studies, applied linguistics, languages in business), where German is the first or second leading foreign language. The paper outlines the specific research questions and aims, the state of research in this area so far, the research design together with the associated research risks, and the research methods. The research project is situated at the intersection of the teaching of German as a foreign language and Germanic linguistics.

12

Czy Jezus był zboczeńcem? Nienormalni, którzy są prawodawcami świata, w koncepcji Floriana Znanieckiego

88%

Jawor A.

Adeptus

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2013

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issue 1

EN

Was Jesus a deviant? The abnormals who are legislators of the world in Florian Znaniecki's conceptionThe aim of this article is to remind us the still current conception of ‘deviants’ by the classical sociologist – Florian Znaniecki. Znaniecki has distinguished three types of people: normal, ‘subnormal’ and ‘overnormal’. Normal people are just ordinary people who live according to social rules and norms. The ‘subnormals’ are, simply speaking, different types of offenders. And the ‘overnormals’ are the people who enrich their socio-cultural system. ‘Deviants’ are extreme and the most interesting type of ‘sub’ - and ‘overnormal’ people. They are the men of genius, such as Socrates, Jesus Christ, Descartes, Napoleon, Lenin and Piłsudski. They are often perceived as anarchists and in fact they transform the social order totally or at least the way of thinking about it. We can take a risk with the idea that the future always depends on ‘deviants’.

13

Ponownie o adekwatnej definicji kłamstwa

88%

Jadacki J.

Edukacja Filozoficzna

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2018

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issue 65

153-158

EN

The paper discusses some questions arising on the margins of the article Does Polish law guarantee the conscience clause for physicians? by Father Andrzej Szostek. The author of the paper indicates essential doubts as to the scope of the validity of norms and their limiting clauses even if these norms and clauses are formulated very generally. These doubts concern, in particular, the method of establishing operational definitions for notions that come here into play.

14

«Cose che imparerai meglio con l’uso e col criterio». Codificazione della norma interpuntiva in Italia e in Polonia

87%

Foremniak K.

Studia Romanica Posnaniensia

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2013

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vol. 40

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issue 3

5-15

EN

The purpose of the article is to present the results of analysis regarding the processes of developing and standardizing the norm of punctuation in Poland and in Italy since the beginning of the 20th century to recent times. Aiming to describe the character of the two norms and to explain the differences between the Polish and the Italian rules, the study emphasizes the role of institutions in the codification process. Furthermore, it examines the typology of normative sources in both countries and comments the status of punctuation among other branches of linguistics.

15

Kontrowersje na temat użyteczności pojęcia normy w psychologii

75%

Terelak J. F.

Ius Matrimoniale

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2011

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vol. 22

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issue 16

299-315

EN

Il lavoro ha un carattere teorico e riguarda la valutazione dello status scientifico del concetto di norma nel campo delle scienze sociali, con particolare attenzione alle scienze giuridiche della sociologia e della psicologia. La comune comprensione della normalità si riferisce a tre aspetti della norma, vale a dire: l’aspetto quantitativo, postulativo e normativo. Nelle scienze sociali si individuano tre modelli teorici della norma: (a) quantitativo (statistico), (b) culturale (qualitativo), © teorico (ideologico). I modelli teorici delle norme in psicologia comprendono tre tipi: (a) obiettivismo normativo; (b) modello dello sviluppo; (c) soggettivismo normativo. L’autore sottolinea nella discussione che il concetto di norma è il termine più ambiguo nelle scienze sociali, e perciò difficile da definire soprattutto a causa dell’uso degli aspetti relazionistici oppure ideologico-dichiarativi, nonché a causa della tendenza ad utilizzare il riduzionismo definizionale, con riferimento sia ai condizionamenti innati della personalità umana, sia alla cultura (compresa la religione) e all’educazione.

16

APPROACHES TO DETERMINATION OF TIME SERIES FOR CALCULATION OF NORMS OF FINANCIAL RATIOS AND THEIR APPLICATION IN LATVIA

75%

Evgenii Sergeev E., Aina Chaplinska A.

Sociālo Zinātņu Vēstnesis

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2017

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issue 1

47-58

EN

Important question is determination of time series for calculation of norms of financial ratios. This question in modern economic literature is almost not analysed and not solved. And therefore the purposes of this article are development of approaches to determination of time series for calculation of norms of financial ratios and practical application of these approaches in Latvia. Gross domestic product (GDP) influences the development of dynamic row of financial ratios necessary for calculation of sectors’ normative value. The more indicators will be included into the dynamic row during years of GDP fall, the lower usually are the final normative sector values. In 2008-2010, in Latvia GDP fall was observed that is why for calculation of norms, it would be incorrect to form dynamic rows with prevalence of indicators of these years. Approaches to determination of time series developed by the authors are suggested for calculation of norms of financial ratios: by the arithmetic average value of the moving average of GDP growth, by the percent of years of GDP downfall and by the median value of GDP growth. Schemes, the description of stages of these approaches are submitted, and also practical application of approaches is given. For understanding of approaches the term “expanded times series under analysis” is entered. Definition of the term is given: “expanded times series under analysis is the time series, which has typical equal economical conditions of national economy development in a long-term, usually, in recent years”. Common privileges of these approaches are: simplicity of calculation, the accuracy of the norms due to the proximity to the dynamics of the expanded time series, economy of financial costs of carrying out research, economy of time expenditure on carrying out research, taking into account the dynamics of recent years. It is better to apply these approaches in a complex with the aim to determine the time series for calculation of norms of financial ratios correctly by a resulting effect of the majority of the approaches. Destination of these approaches is to help researchers in development of norms of financial ratios.

17

Конфликт нормы и кодификации в период языковой нестабильности (на материале новых несклоняемых существительных русского языка)

75%

Marinova E.

Przegląd Wschodnioeuropejski

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2019

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vol. 2

305-313

EN

The article deals with the characteristic feature of the period of language instability, namely the conflict between the norm and codification in one of the Russian language areas that is subject to greatest variation. The author analyses establishment of the new norm in the process of assigning grammatical category of gender to borrowed indeclinable nouns. The study of this lexical group shows that approximately half of the new words form gender according to the principle of semantic analogy. This fact allows us to maintain that in the Russian of the XXI c. there is a process of broadening in the sphere of application of the rule about assigning gender to indeclinable inanimate onyms and abbreviations. Previously having a limited sphere of application, now this rule also extends to indeclinable inanimate appellatives. However the action of the “older” norm, according to which indeclinable nouns were assigned neuter gender, is also manifested, creating conditions for word variation.

18

The Concept of Cultural Normativity in the Context of Phenomenology of Law

75%

Gołębiewska M.

Eidos. A Journal for Philosophy of Culture

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2022

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vol. 6

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issue 3

79-97

EN

The goal of the text is to reconstruct the concept of cultural normativity found in the phenomenological philosophy of law. The starting point of the text is the distinction between cultural normativity and normativity in culture. This distinction is based on reference to an extra-cultural, but not non-human instance – transcendent to the creations of humanity and its world, but in relations with the human equipment, with the characteristics of a specific human being and its existence. The specific relations between cultural and legal normativity can be found in phenomenological concepts of law, which draw on the Husserlian transcendentalism and essentialism. The phenomenology of law attempts to answer the question of the sources, and the ontological and epistemological status of normativity as such. Normativity as a written and unwritten set of norms is characterized by phenomenologists with reference to value and axiology. The values are assumed by them as certain fixed reference points (“horizon of values” given to be recognized), because norms make it possible to establish rules for various individual and collective practices within a particular community and culture on the basis of values.

19

Kłopoty pojęciowe z demokracją. Ujęcie opisowe, semantyczne i normatywne

75%

Łojek S.

Politeja : Pismo Wydziału Studiów Miedzynarodowych i Politycznych Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego

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2013

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issue 1(23)

275-288

EN

The conceptual confusion makes it difficult to provide a convincing answer to the question of what democracy is. One reason of this, which I would like to analyze below, is a intermingling of the descriptive, normative and semantic elements in almost each theory of democracy. I will show that a pure description is probably impossible, and that any attempt to approach the actual functioning of any regime necessarily contains normative assessment and expectations. In conclusion, I point out that a fair comparison of democratic models and practices requires a special effort to separate the normative and descriptive elements. I also note that the study of normative assumptions underlying some commonly accepted views of democracy allows a better understanding of their theoretical and practical circumstances and consequences, which in turn can contribute to their revision.

20

Creating the Norm: The African-American Literary Tradition

75%

Cogeanu O.

Linguaculture

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2012

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vol. 2012

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issue 2

23-30

EN

This paper starts from the premise that norm, in the sense of a prescriptive tradition based on a set of standards deriving from past practices and regulating future ones, is the result of an initial creative gesture; in other words, first there was creativity and creativity became the norm. Based on this premise, the paper looks at some of the earliest African-American pieces of writing to trace the itinerary from creativity to norm, thus witnessing the birth of the African-American literary tradition. To this end, the paper analyses the first published Black narrative and identifies the trope of the talking book as illustrating that original gesture which, by creatively incorporating the norm, marks the beginning of a new tradition. Then the paper follows subsequent early Black narratives and identifies the creative transgression of the norm illustrated by the Middle Passage as the process by which the new norm is established.

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