Search results

1

Evidentiality, Inferentiality and Mirativity in the Modern Hindi

100%

Sigorskiy A.

Lingua Posnaniensis

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2010

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vol. 52

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issue 1

71-80

EN

The questions of Evidentiality, Inferentiality and Mirativity in Hindi have not been thoroughly investigated so far. So the proposed description in no way can be exhaustive, and the results obtained are just preliminary. The approach adopted is functional, directed from function towards the modes of expression, because these categories in Hindi are rather semantic and functional, than structural and grammatical.The results indicate that all the three domains are semantically close to each other. All of them denote a source of new information, but formally they are very different. Three kinds of Evidentiality - reported evidentials, inferred evidentials and miratives - represent a semantic field with fuzzy structure. The only grammaticalized types of evidentials are inferred evidentials marked by moods. All evidentials are combined with different modal meanings.Some comparisons with other Indo-Aryan languages are made.

2

Модальность как семантическая универсалия , сборник научных трудов под ред. И.Ю. Куксы. Издательство Росийского государственного университета им. Иммануила Канта, Калининград 2010.

100%

Mironiuk L.

Acta Polono-Ruthenica

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2010

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vol. Tom 1 Nr XV

278-280

3

Tryb rozkazujący – uwagi o definiowaniu pojęcia i zakresie jego użycia w opisach systemu fleksyjnego współczesnego języka polskiego

80%

Bojałkowska K.

Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Językoznawcza

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2021

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vol. 28

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issue 2

195-212

EN

The aim of this paper is to present how the imperative mood is defined in the descriptions of the inflection system of the contemporary Polish language. First of all, imperative mood is considered to be the value of one of the inflection categories of mood, and the forms representing it, e.g. zrób! (‘do!’), myj! (‘wash!’) are considered to be in opposition to the forms of the declarative and the conditional moods. On the other hand, the imperative is a grammatical means that expresses the so-called deontic modality and utterances with imperative forms are treated, before anything else, as acts of directive speech. This way of defining the imperative mood is the reason why the status of such forms as wygraj! (‘win!’), otrzymaj! (‘receive!’), (nie) umieraj! (‘[not] die!’) or bądź (szczęśliwy) (‘be [happy]’) is problematic, because they constitute a non-directive use of the imperative mood. The conclusion is that the way of defining the imperative mood in Polish requires clarification.

4

A More Explicit Framework for Evaluating Objectivity and (Inter)Subjectivity in Modality Domain

80%

Medadian G., Mahabadi D. N., University of Isfahan, University of Isfahan, Medadian G. g. m. f. a. i., Mahabadi D. N. a. f. u. a. i.

Research in Language

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2018

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vol. 16

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issue 1

EN

In this paper we propose a more explicit framework for definition and evaluation of objectivity and (inter)subjectivity in the modality domain. In the proposed operational framework, we make a basic distinction between the modality notions that serve an ideational function (i.e., dynamic modal notions) and those with an interpersonal function (i.e., deontic and epistemic evaluations). The modality notions with ideational and interpersonal functions are content and person-oriented, respectively. While all dynamic modal notions are characterized by objectivity, deontic and epistemic modal notions may display a degree of (inter)subjectivity depending on their embedding context. Our main claim is that (inter)subjectivity can hardly be argued to be the inherent property of certain modality forms and types, but rather it is essentially a contextual effect. We functionally-operationally define (inter)subjectivity as the degree of sharedness an evaluator attributes to an epistemic/deontic evaluation and its related evidence/deontic source. (Inter)subjectivity is realized by (at least) one or a combination of three contextual factors, viz. the embedding syntactic pattern, the linguistic context and the extralinguistic context of a modality marker. Since both descriptive and performative modal evaluations involve a degree of (inter)subjectivity, performativity, which refers to speaker’s current commitment to his evaluation, is viewed as an independent dimension within modal evaluations and plays no part in the expression of (inter)subjectivity.

5

Relacje modalne we współczesnych aktach normatywnych

80%

Łapa R.

Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Językoznawcza

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2014

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vol. 21

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issue 2

41-51

PL

The author examines the language of the law. She refers to the contemporary acts; the legal regulations are the subject of her description. The author analyses legal cases which have been interpreted on the basis of the regulations. She discusses a modal dimension of the relationships which create legal cases and also makes closer characteristics of the participants of actions who are connected with these relationships. Language exponents of individual relations are presented. In order to emphasise specific character of legal material, the author precedes each description by indicating the peculiarities of modal dependence which are visible in sentences containing the so-called basic modal units. These sentences stem from other than legal modern Polish texts.

6

Ohne Frage? Mit Sicherheit. Präpositionale Wortverbindungen als Ausdrucksformen der Sprechereinstellung

80%

Hornáček Banášová M.

Linguistische Treffen in Wrocław

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2020

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issue 17

91-99

EN

Usualized word units represent a structurally and semantically very heterogeneous spectrum of linguistic elements. The topic of the paper focuses on the issue of lexical-syntagmatic combinatorics of word units with function words and deals with a binary preposition-noun phrases with the meaning of the speaker setting, previously neglected in word units research.

7

A More Explicit Framework for Evaluating Objectivity and (Inter)Subjectivity in Modality Domain

80%

Medadian G., Mahabadi D. N.

Research in Language

|

2018

|

vol. 16

|

issue 1

65-98

EN

In this paper we propose a more explicit framework for definition and evaluation of objectivity and (inter)subjectivity in the modality domain. In the proposed operational framework, we make a basic distinction between the modality notions that serve an ideational function (i.e., dynamic modal notions) and those with an interpersonal function (i.e., deontic and epistemic evaluations). The modality notions with ideational and interpersonal functions are content and person-oriented, respectively. While all dynamic modal notions are characterized by objectivity, deontic and epistemic modal notions may display a degree of (inter)subjectivity depending on their embedding context. Our main claim is that (inter)subjectivity can hardly be argued to be the inherent property of certain modality forms and types, but rather it is essentially a contextual effect. We functionally-operationally define (inter)subjectivity as the degree of sharedness an evaluator attributes to an epistemic/deontic evaluation and its related evidence/deontic source. (Inter)subjectivity is realized by (at least) one or a combination of three contextual factors, viz. the embedding syntactic pattern, the linguistic context and the extralinguistic context of a modality marker. Since both descriptive and performative modal evaluations involve a degree of (inter)subjectivity, performativity, which refers to speaker’s current commitment to his evaluation, is viewed as an independent dimension within modal evaluations and plays no part in the expression of (inter)subjectivity.

8

El distanciamiento del emisor frente a su propio mensaje

80%

Komorowska A.

Studia Iberystyczne

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2011

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vol. 10

109-118

EN

This paper approaches linguistic methods either grammatical or lexical, used by Spanish speaking participants of a communication act to express distance to their own enunciation.

9

Wenn ich ein Vöglein wär … Der Status der Emotionalität im Modalfeld des Deutschen

80%

Wolf N. R.

Linguistische Treffen in Wrocław

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2020

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issue 17

355-366

EN

The analysis of the verbal forms of moods in the folk song „Wenn ich ein Vöglein wär“ makes evident that the German subjunctive II (Konjunktiv II) does not only function as a modus irrealis; it also informs about the emotion(s) of the lyrical I. The coherence between the epistemic modality and emotionality gets more obvious in the parody of the folk song by Heinrich Heine. The semantic function of the diminutive suffix -lein adds informations about emotions. This makes it clear that emotionality is also a subjective statement of the speaker’s views on the verbalized facts. Therefore emotionality can be understood as a kind of modality.

10

Exploring Male and Female Voices through Epistemic Modality and Evidentiality in Some Modern English Travel Texts on the Canaries

80%

Alonso-Almeida F., González-Cruz M. I.

Research in Language

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2012

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vol. 10

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issue 3

323-343

EN

This article describes authorial voice through evidential and epistemic sentential devices in a corpus of 19th and early 20th century travel texts. The corpus contains four works written by female travellers and the other four by men. Therefore, apart from providing a catalogue of the strategies deployed by the authors in order to mark modality and evidentiality, we also report on expected differences in their frequencies of use in relation to the writer’s gender. In addition, the interest of this study lies in the fact that, to the best of our knowledge, no research on writer stance has previously been carried out in texts belonging to the genre of travel writing.

11

Exploring Male and Female Voices through Epistemic Modality and Evidentiality in Some Modern English Travel Texts on the Canaries

80%

Alonso-Almeida F., González-Cruz M. I.

Research in Language

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2012

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vol. 10

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issue 3

323-343

EN

This article describes authorial voice through evidential and epistemic sentential devices in a corpus of 19th and early 20th century travel texts. The corpus contains four works written by female travellers and the other four by men. Therefore, apart from providing a catalogue of the strategies deployed by the authors in order to mark modality and evidentiality, we also report on expected differences in their frequencies of use in relation to the writer’s gender. In addition, the interest of this study lies in the fact that, to the best of our knowledge, no research on writer stance has previously been carried out in texts belonging to the genre of travel writing.

12

Przekład udomowiony w kulturze polskiej wczesnego modernizmu

80%

Brzostowska-Tereszkiewicz T.

Między Oryginałem a Przekładem

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2014

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vol. 26

101-115

EN

The present article introduces the Modernist popular and instrumental model of literary translation. The most vivid examples of adapting the source texts to the aesthetic, social, cultural and ideological norms of the target culture have been found in translations of world literature into the dialect of the Polish Highlanders. They were representative of the “Young Poland” artistic and literary movement inspired by the folk culture of the Tatra Mountains.

13

Construções perifrásticas portuguesas dever + infinitivo e ter de/que + infinitivo – um problema didático

80%

Drzazgowska J.

Studia Iberystyczne

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2013

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vol. 12

75-86

EN

This article attempts to highlight the problems in teaching and learning of two Portuguese periphrastic modal constructions. The aforementioned problem is related to polysemy of periphrases with dever and supposed synonymy in specific contexts of those periphrases.

14

ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ СИНЕСТЕЗИИ И ХУДОЖЕСТВЕННОГО ПЕРЕВОДА ДЛЯ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ И СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИ РЕЧЕВОЙ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТИ СТУДЕНТОВ ПРИ ОБУЧЕНИИ АНГЛИЙСКОМУ ЯЗЫКУ

80%

Карпова В.

Педагогічні науки: теорія, історія, інноваційні технології

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2014

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issue 6(40)

356-363

EN

This article deals with neurolinguistics which is part of cognitive methodology teaching English as a foreign language with reference to students’ individual styles of learning. The roots of the basic idea go into the concept of individual perception and processing of any information received by man via his natural sensory channels – visual, audial, kinesthetic. Some of the channels are more developed, thus making dominant modality. Together with the less developed channels they present the holistic perception of the whole image. As a result the «visuals» see the picture, the «audials» hear it and the «kinesthetic» feel it. In the educational setting you notice that one part of the students shows better seeing abilities like written texts, graphs, models; another group of the students is more perceptive to voice, intonations, tape recorded language materials; the third group understands all better while in motion or able to feel the touch of things, etc. These sensory qualities of the students make them distinguished, unique and give good grounds for creating individualized objects, be they material or verbal. The teacher’s concern here, as we see it, is to unleash the students’ hidden creative potentialities, advance in educational technologies and change learners’ demand in terms of access to new language creativity and learning. One of the effective exercises for developing students’ creativity is by introducing syna(e)sthesia into classroom practices. Syna(e)sthesia is a neuropsychological phenomenon. It appears in case of brain’s sensory excitement in its certain part, which simultaneously transfers onto another sensory part of the brain. This is the way to create metaphors – «see the pink air», «hear the rising sun», «feel the taste of romanticism». In the article there is a good supply of such examples taken from students’ experimental materials. Syna(e)sthesia is characteristic of talented philologists, writers, artists, producers and other people of verbal intellect. This cultural perspective socialized into everyday learning practices needs finer work with both languages – understanding the art of language translation, word meaning and its precise stylistic, lexicological colouring, developing own imagination and verbal creativity, which all taken together adds much to professional literacy. Note: The term literacy is used instead of competency in sociocultural approach.

15

Designing informative warning signals: Effects of indicator type, modality, and task demand on recognition speed and accuracy

70%

Stevens C., Brennan D., Petocz A., Howell C.

Advances in Cognitive Psychology

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2009

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vol. 5

84-90

EN

An experiment investigated the assumption that natural indicators which exploit existing learned associations between a signal and an event make more effective warnings than previously unlearned symbolic indicators. Signal modality (visual, auditory) and task demand (low, high) were also manipulated. Warning effectiveness was indexed by accuracy and reaction time (RT) recorded during training and dual task test phases. Thirty-six participants were trained to recognize 4 natural and 4 symbolic indicators, either visual or auditory, paired with critical incidents from an aviation context. As hypothesized, accuracy was greater and RT was faster in response to natural indicators during the training phase. This pattern of responding was upheld in test phase conditions with respect to accuracy but observed in RT only in test phase conditions involving high demand and the auditory modality. Using the experiment as a specific example, we argue for the importance of considering the cognitive contribution of the user (viz., prior learned associations) in the warning design process. Drawing on semiotics and cognitive psychology, we highlight the indexical nature of so-calledauditory iconsornatural indicatorsand argue that the cogniser is an indispensable element in the tripartite nature of signification.

16

On the Pragmatics of Hortatory Subjunctive in Italian Business Letter Discourse

70%

Vergaro C.

Lodz Papers in Pragmatics

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2007

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vol. 3

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issue -1

37-60

EN

This paper is a pragmatic account of the use of the Italian hortatory subjunctive in business letter discourse. According to traditional descriptions of the Italian subjunctive mood which mostly focus on the use of this mood in dependent clauses, the hortatory subjunctive is one of the few remaining examples of subjunctive use in independent clauses. In business letter discourse it is used in independent clauses, always as a formulaic modal expression with the modal verb of volition volere (will). In this paper it is argued that (i) the rare examples of its use seem to confirm that in the Italian language the hortatory subjunctive survives only in very formal (and formulaic) types of writing, business letter discourse being a case in point; and that (ii) in this type of genre the dynamic modality expressed by the subjunctive mood is used only in specific moves within the text for negative politeness reasons. The findings also suggest the need to take a "discourse-approach" to politeness, i.e. to rethink and analyze politeness as a holistic phenomenon which is the result of a number of acts intricately wound together in the text, both at the micro and macro level.

17

Subjectification and intersubjectification in the analysis of the Polish adverb niestety ‘unfortunately/ regrettably’

70%

Piórkowska A.

Crossroads. A Journal of English Studies

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2017

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vol. 17

EN

The present article aims at summarizing the results of the corpus-based study of the semanto-syntactic behaviour of the emotionally-loaded Polish adverb niestety ‘unfortunately/regrettably’. It will be claimed that the different uses of niestety are governed by the processes of subjectification, both at the synchronic and diachronic level. Such a perspective also allows us to explain the intersubjective senses in which this highly grammaticalized adverb is sometimes used in Polish.

18

What is the ‘Future’ of Greek? Towards a Pragmatic Analysis

70%

Chiou M.

Research in Language

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2014

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vol. 12

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issue 4

355-375

EN

The paper investigates the problems related to futurity and modality in modern Greek. The discussion of Greek temporal future expressions is conducted with reference to relevant literature from the areas of English linguistics, cognitive studies and pragmatics. The focus is on the status of future-oriented expressions and the question whether they are primarily epistemic in nature, whether they are tense-based, or modality-based. It is argued that the future tense in Greek has a modal semantic base conveying epistemic modality and that the preferred future prospective reading is a pragmatic development of the semantic modal base. The author further suggests that the future reading is a kind of presumptive meaning which follows from the neo-Gricean Principle of Informativeness, known as the I-principle (Levinson 2000) being a generalised interpretation which does not depend on contextual information.

19

Wykładniki modalności w wyrokach Trybunału Sprawiedliwości UE i Sądu Najwyższego RP – analiza korpusowa

70%

Koźbiał D.

Studia Iuridica

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2020

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vol. 83

78-101

PL

The aim of this paper is to investigate the distribution of exponents of modality in the justifications of judgments passed by the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) and judgments passed by the Supreme Court of the Republic of Poland (SN) in the post-accession period of 2011 to 2015. In particular, the paper aims to establish the degree of convergence between translated EU judgments and non-translated national judgments in terms of the employment of modality markers. The research material consists of a large corpus of Polish-language versions of 897 judgments passed by the Court of Justice (CJ), 384 judgments passed by the General Court (GC), a corpus of 2564 non-translated judgments delivered by the SN, and a reference corpus of contemporary Polish (NKJP). The quantitative data point to the high salience and divergent distribution of a number of various markers in both EU and national judgments, such as the value-laden modal verbs należy [(one) must/should] and trzeba [(one) should/must]. It is argued that the frequent use of markers of modality constitutes a generic feature, as it raises the perceived level of authoritativeness of judicial argumentation. The findings may contribute to raising awareness of language patterns which involve the expression of modal stance.

20

Analyticity and Modality

70%

Karimov A.

Dialogue and Universalism

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2014

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issue 3

89-93

EN

In this paper I defend the concept of metaphysical analyticity, and argue for the no-tion of analyticity as truth in virtue of the reference determiner, introduced by Gillian K. Russell. Contrary to Russell, I try to show that necessary a posteriori statements are analytic under this notion. Also, I maintain that contingent a priori statements cannot be properly called analytic.

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Evidentiality, Inferentiality and Mirativity in the Modern Hindi

Tryb rozkazujący – uwagi o definiowaniu pojęcia i zakresie jego użycia w opisach systemu fleksyjnego współczesnego języka polskiego

A More Explicit Framework for Evaluating Objectivity and (Inter)Subjectivity in Modality Domain

Relacje modalne we współczesnych aktach normatywnych

Ohne Frage? Mit Sicherheit. Präpositionale Wortverbindungen als Ausdrucksformen der Sprechereinstellung

A More Explicit Framework for Evaluating Objectivity and (Inter)Subjectivity in Modality Domain

El distanciamiento del emisor frente a su propio mensaje

Wenn ich ein Vöglein wär … Der Status der Emotionalität im Modalfeld des Deutschen

Exploring Male and Female Voices through Epistemic Modality and Evidentiality in Some Modern English Travel Texts on the Canaries

Exploring Male and Female Voices through Epistemic Modality and Evidentiality in Some Modern English Travel Texts on the Canaries

Przekład udomowiony w kulturze polskiej wczesnego modernizmu

Construções perifrásticas portuguesas dever + infinitivo e ter de/que + infinitivo – um problema didático

ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ СИНЕСТЕЗИИ И ХУДОЖЕСТВЕННОГО ПЕРЕВОДА ДЛЯ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ И СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИ РЕЧЕВОЙ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТИ СТУДЕНТОВ ПРИ ОБУЧЕНИИ АНГЛИЙСКОМУ ЯЗЫКУ

Designing informative warning signals: Effects of indicator type, modality, and task demand on recognition speed and accuracy

On the Pragmatics of Hortatory Subjunctive in Italian Business Letter Discourse

Subjectification and intersubjectification in the analysis of the Polish adverb niestety ‘unfortunately/ regrettably’

What is the ‘Future’ of Greek? Towards a Pragmatic Analysis

Wykładniki modalności w wyrokach Trybunału Sprawiedliwości UE i Sądu Najwyższego RP – analiza korpusowa

Analyticity and Modality